Go homepage(回首页)
Upload pictures (上传图片)
Write articles (发文字帖)

The author:(作者)delv
published in(发表于) 2012/5/11 1:37:00
SongYingHui the Mekong river basin under a east Asia will be the main battlefield game

Also-April 21, the fourth "Mei male-Japan summit" held in Tokyo. The Mekong river basin the five-Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Burma, Thailand and Japan's leaders to discuss common regional cooperation and other regional and international issues. The six nations to the summit are highly valued. In the south China sea issue affects all the nervous background, "Mei male-Japan summit" remind us, the great powers in the Mekong river also stepping up to deploy, the region could be the next game center. Through the cooperation realize common development is the best way to win all parties.
The "Mei male-Japan summit" fruitful, mainly has three big attraction.
First of all, the 2012 Tokyo strategy "for Japan participate in the Mekong region cooperation put new planning. The six nations summit through the Mei male-Japan's Tokyo strategic cooperation 2012 "(hereafter referred to as the Tokyo strategic 2012"), offered to "for the future of common prosperity and development new partnership" as the goal, set "of the Mekong river basin interconnected", "common development" and "security human safety and environmental sustainable" as the three pillar, and formulate concrete cooperation program.
Secondly, the three pillar "implement plan comprehensive system, and involve capital an unprecedented scale. First, Japan will be over the next three years to the Mekong river basin countries to provide 600 billion yen ($7.4 billion) of official development assistance (ODA); The Mekong river basin countries and Japan in the area of the GeJian project financing means, in addition to ODA, still can use the Japanese government to provide "other official funds" (OOF) and to the private sector and similar "the Asian development bank (ADB) of such an international organization of financing. Second, the Mekong river basin in promoting the interchange, Japan emphasizes the development of "the east-west economy corridor" and "southern economy corridor", borrow "Asian freight highway" initiative promoting the Mekong river area trade facilitation and customs modernization and reform, in "asean wisdom networking" initiative to help the Mekong river under the national development information and communication infrastructure. Third, in promoting common development, Japan will for each of the Mekong river basin countries and the entire Mekong region design.
Third, the Japanese and the Mekong river basin countries decided together will discuss regional and global issues into the "Mei male-Japan cooperation framework" in. The summit mainly discusses three issues: one is the six nations says it will focus on the Korean peninsula common situation, and denounced the north Korean missile bring "huge" regional security issues, shall not engage in any application for north Korea to the launch of a ballistic missile technology, nuclear and other provocations, and abide by the relevant security council resolutions. 2 it is six of the United Nations summit expressed support for reform, and the 2012 Tokyo strategy "say" Japan thank the Mekong river region has been supporting the reform of the security council in Japan after become permanent members ". 3 it is the 2012 Tokyo strategy of the six claims are supported in the "law of the United Nations" (UNCLOS) reached under the principle of the south China sea the declaration on the conduct of parties (DOC), and the "south China sea parties code of conduct" (COC) said "expected".
The Mekong region economic development has great potential and attract Japan on the increasing investment. As shown in figure 1 shows, since 1990, the Mekong river in the five countries are to keep economic growth at high levels. Although the Asian financial crisis affect, the volatility of the 1990 s, but since the 21 st century, presents good growth. Especially, Burma from last year began to implement a political reform, economic opening to the increasing degree, also will increasingly show more energy.
The Mekong river basin countries are located above the Indochina peninsula in the Pacific and Indian Ocean between, is the shortcut to the Indian Ocean to Japan, the geography position is very important. The 1950 s, Japan postwar compensation and the Mekong river area with the link, and actively participate in the United Nations about the Mekong river downstream of the water resources in the development and research activities. After the cold war, Japan and efforts to promote peace process through Cambodia, promote the Mekong river behind the way such as economy development in this district affairs, trying to output, "the Japanese standards", "the Japanese model" soft such as infrastructure, build influence in the region. In particular, in recent years Japanese for help in the Mekong river national development communication and satellite technology, depth guidance and participate in the geological exploration nations and related technical research and development work. And the 2012 Tokyo strategy "in Japan will participate in making also put forward the region's economic development strategy, is to further improve Japan in the Mekong river influence lay the foundation. The Tokyo strategic 2012 "in the east-west emphasizes".
The United States for many years in the Mekong region as big investment. In addition to economic contact outside, the United States still continuously strengthen and the area of the political and military ties. The 2010 "Angkor Wat sentry 2010" 26 countries after the joint war games, the United States and Cambodia bilateral military exercise "2012 Angkor Wat sentry" in the March 13 to 22 in Cambodia GongBu province and real in the province. By the end of 2011, Hillary Clinton visit myanmar, already become since the 1955 years since the first name visit to Burma us secretary of state, and marked the beginning of restart to Burma contact. South Korea and the Mekong region economic and trade ties closely, since 2000 respectively with Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia GeJian four stock exchange. The next step, South Korea and Japan have and Burma GeJian the will of the stock exchange, may be in some degree form competitive. Australia is very concerned about the Mekong river area development. In 2010, which gave $21.5 million grant aid help Cambodia repair railway. By the end of 2011, by which investment, the Macao Cambodia and ig departments.
Common development is the best way to realize win-win all parties
The Mekong region important strategic position, rich natural resources, a huge potential for development, the great powers to increase its concern also in reason. But if all countries for the interests of the exclusive emphasis on, then it is difficult to achieve the goal. So it is harmful not only the development of the relationship between great nations, will be placed in the Mekong river basin countries "choose edge stand" trouble. Therefore, strengthen communication and coordination, the parties to seek common development should be the best way is to achieve a win-win situation. (China modern international relations institute of southeast Asia and South Asia Pacific institute SongYingHui).
(
中国网讯 4月21日，第四届“湄公—日本峰会”在东京举行。湄公河流域五国——越南、老挝、柬埔寨、缅甸、泰国和日本的领导人齐聚一堂，共同商议地区合作和其他地区和国际问题。六国均给予此次峰会高度重视。在当前南海问题牵动各方紧张神经的背景下，“湄公—日本峰会”提醒我们，各大国也在湄公河加紧部署，该地区可能成为下一个博弈重镇。通过合作实现共同发展是各方得以共赢的最佳途径。
此次“湄公—日本峰会”成果丰硕，主要有三大看点
　　首先，《东京战略2012》为日本参与湄公河地区合作提出新规划。六国首脑通过《湄公—日本合作的东京战略2012》（简称《东京战略2012》），提出以“为共同繁荣的未来而发展新的伙伴关系”为目标，设定“湄公河流域互联互通”、“共同发展”和“保障人类安全和环境可持续”作为三大支柱，并制定具体合作计划。
　　其次，“三大支柱”落实计划全面系统，且涉及的资金规模空前。第一，日本将在未来3年向湄公河流域国家提供6000亿日元（约合74亿美元）的官方发展援助（ODA）；湄公河流域国家与日本在该地区的合建项目采用多渠道融资手段，除了ODA，还可以借助日本政府提供的“其他官方资金”（OOF）以及向私人部门和类似“亚洲开发银行”（ADB）这样的国际组织进行融资。第二，在促进湄公河流域互联互通方面，日本强调发展“东-西经济走廊”和“南部经济走廊”，借“亚洲货运公路”倡议推进湄公河地区贸易便利化和关税现代化改革，在“东盟智联网”倡议下帮助湄公河国家发展信息通讯基础设施。第三，在促进共同发展方面，日本将为每个湄公河流域国家和整个湄公河地区设计“工业化战略”，尤其关注生态友好型采矿业的发展，支持市场经济结构的发展和宏观经济的稳定，并特别提出将与缅甸开展双边投资协定谈判。第四，在保障人类安全和环境可持续方面，六国共同关注水资源管理、碳排放、灾害管理和传染病防治等问题，其中，计划到2015年，挽救14.2万儿童（包括8万新生儿）和1.2万妇女的生命，避免2万人死于艾滋病、1.6万人死于结核病、5.5万人死于疟疾。
　　第三，日本与湄公河流域国家共同决定将讨论地区和全球议题纳入“湄公—日本合作框架”之中。此次峰会上主要讨论了三个议题：一是六国声称将共同关注朝鲜半岛局势，谴责朝鲜导弹试射带来“巨大”地区安全问题，要求朝鲜不得进行任何应用弹道导弹技术的发射、核试验及其他挑衅行为，并遵守安理会相关决议。二是六国首脑对联合国改革表示支持，进而《东京战略2012》中称“日本感谢湄公河地区国家始终支持日本在改革后的安理会中成为常任理事国”。三是《东京战略2012》中宣称六国均支持在“联合国海洋法”（UNCLOS）原则下达成的《南海各方行为宣言》（DOC），并对“南海各方行为准则”（COC）表示“期待”。
日本重视对湄公河流域国家的投入，经济和战略意图并重
　　湄公河地区经济发展拥有巨大潜力，吸引日本对其加大投入。如图1所示，1990年以来，湄公河五国经济增长均保持在较高水平。虽受亚洲金融危机影响，1990年代末出现波动，但进入21世纪以来则呈现良好增长势头。特别是，缅甸从去年开始实行政治改革，经济对外开放程度与日俱增，也将愈加表现出更多活力。
湄公河流域国家均位于中南半岛之上，处于太平洋与印度洋之间，是日本通往印度洋的捷径，地理位置十分重要。1950年代开始，日本就借助战后赔偿与湄公河地区建立联系，并积极参加联合国有关湄公河下游地区水资源的开发和调查活动。冷战后，日本又努力通过推动柬埔寨和平进程、促进湄公河落后经济体发展等途径参与该地区事务，试图输出“日本标准”、“日本模式”等软性基础设施，建立地区影响力。特别是，近年来日本为帮助湄公河地区国家发展通讯及卫星技术，深度指导并参与多国地质勘探和相关技术研发工作。而《东京战略2012》中也提出日本将参与制定该地区经济发展战略，是为日本进一步提升在湄公河的影响力奠定基础。《东京战略2012》中强调的“东-西经济走廊”和“南部经济走廊”现有基础较差、通关手续复杂，因而发展难度大，且并不属于东盟“互联互通”规划中的优先推进项目。为什么日本始终力推这两个走廊的建设呢？观察其位置便可知日本意图。如图2所示，“东-西经济走廊”横穿五国，可打通南海到印度洋的陆路连接，使日本避免绕道马六甲海峡，既降低了运输成本，又提升了运输安全性。湄公河地区已吸引多国提升对其的重视程度并加大投入。
　　美国连续多年成为对湄公河地区的投资大国。除经济联系外，美国还不断加强与这一地区的政治、军事联系。继2010年“吴哥哨兵2010”26国联合军演之后，美国与柬埔寨双边军演“2012吴哥哨兵”于3月13至22日在柬埔寨贡不省和实居省举行。2011年底，希拉里 克林顿访问缅甸，既成为自1955年以来首名访问缅甸的美国国务卿，又标志着美国开始重启与缅甸的联系。韩国与湄公河地区经贸联系密切，2000年以来分别与越南、老挝和柬埔寨合建了四家证券交易所。下一步，韩国和日本都有与缅甸合建证交所的意愿，可能在一定程度上形成竞争。澳大利亚也很关注湄公河地区发展。2010年，澳政府曾提供2150万美元无偿援助帮助柬埔寨修缮铁路。2011年底，由澳政府出资、澳柬多部门及国际组织联合主办的“湄公河水 粮食 能源论坛”在金边召开，吸引来自湄公河地区、中、日、澳等多国官员和学者近200名参加，由于其时间和议题设计巧妙，澳大利亚在湄公河治理问题上的影响力开始增强。
　　共同发展是实现各方共赢的最佳途径
　　湄公河地区战略位置重要、自然资源丰富、发展潜力巨大，各大国加大对其关注也在情理之中。但若各国都强调争取排他性的利益，则难以达到其目标。这样既不利于大国间关系的发展，也将湄公河流域国家置于“选边站”的困境之中。因此，各方加强沟通协调、谋求共同发展应是实现共赢的最佳途径。（中国现代国际关系研究院 南亚东南亚及大洋洲研究所 宋颖慧）
)

赞

If you have any requirements, please contact webmaster。(如果有什么要求，请联系站长)




QQ:154298438
QQ:417480759