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The author:(作者)delv
published in(发表于) 2012/5/11 1:33:13
HuangYanDao belongs to China the basis

In HuangYanDao problem, "since the ancient times" a little reluctantly
And the diaoyu islands are different, HuangYanDao actually not as diaoyu island that, the Chinese have a large amount of historical literature, the proof is Chinese found and name and the use of the the island. In usually indicate that HuangYanDao "since the ancient times" belong to China, mentioned are "in 1279, the famous astronomer GuoShouJing decree for universal test in ' ', points in the south China sea in HuangYanDao". However, the survey points is the observation data of GuoShouJing according to leave out of the calculation. According to LiJinMing scholars that the results of the push is, at that time points is the xisha islands in the area, if allowed to have about 1 degree of error, likely will fall in HuangYanDao. But what exactly does really in HuangYanDao, and no powerful material proof.
But since then more than six hundred years, the Chinese literature on the description of the HuangYanDao a vacuum. If in for six hundred years to a island without any description of words, so China at this time on the island have how much the actual control was suspect. But there are credible evidence that Chinese fishermen to the local fish near.
Before and after world war ii, Taipei, Taiwan, the government will HuangYanDao into the territory.
Before and after world war ii, Taipei, Taiwan, the government will HuangYanDao into the territory.In October 1947, in LinZun recovered after nansha, Taipei, Taiwan, the government in south China sea drew a map of the famous 11 period of line (after nine period be line), statement of the line for sovereignty over the islands are Chinese, and the states, LuoJiao was renamed the democratic reef. After new China to inherit the south sea islands sovereignty. In 1983 China places committee announced by authorized "south China sea islands part place names", will HuangYanDao as standard name, at the same time to democratic reef acted as the name. In China's official map, all will HuangYanDao standard for Chinese territory, uninterrupted in guangdong and hainan province under the jurisdiction. And, the Chinese government about sovereignty over the islands are pointed out for public announcement harmony HuangYanDao territorial sovereignty belongs to China.
The republic of China since the government HuangYanDao sovereignty claims sound, belong to effect a strong evidence.
The Philippines and HuangYanDao closer sovereignty is not the reason.
The Philippines President spokesman Barry Ken said in 2000, the Philippines HuangYanDao is part of the territory, because of its 125 miles of Luzon in distance, and distance from mainland China nearly 1000 miles, the distance from hainan island 600 miles, so "China for the position of the sovereignty of the reef, the lack of history and law basis". On the map, HuangYanDao and the Philippines are really close. However, in the international law, close to not be able to get as the basis of territorial sovereignty. International, and a in its neighbours near the coast of the island with many cases, but they never because of geographical position to change the sovereignty of the island and belonging. For example Australia Christmas island, the distance from the continent of Australia hundreds of miles, and is located in central Java, Indonesia within 20 miles, but it does not belong to Indonesia and for nearby. Be like again in the Aegean sea Greece more than 350 islands, some of them just distribution in the Turkish coast, recent even less than a mile.
The Philippines has claimed sovereignty over HuangYanDao another excuse is, HuangYanDao in the Philippines within the exclusive economic zone. By the end of 1997, the former President ramos said: "the Philippines have HuangYanDao resources exploration and development of sovereignty, it is in the Philippines in the exclusive economic zone." The saying violated international law the most basic principles: the right based on terrestrial power, only to prove the sovereignty of the HuangYanDao is you, can explain the ocean near HuangYanDao right to you, not the other way round. However, the Philippines HuangYanDao cannot prove the sovereignty is his, because for years the Philippines map doesn't include HuangYanDao.
The Philippines biggest soft rib, his country's important map does not contain HuangYanDao
The Philippines HuangYanDao sovereignty in the largest soft rib is: in several of the key documents, not as the Philippines HuangYanDao the territory. Including the nature of the old colonists transfer sovereignty 1898 Paris treaty, 1900 Washington treaty in 1930 and the American and British talks in 1935, the Philippines constitution, 1961 3046, such as the republic of law. These treaties and laws to clear the coordinates and line form the details provided the border of the Philippines. HuangYanDao are not within the border. Even in in the 80 s and 90 s and the 21 st century the Philippines map, many did not include HuangYanDao, even the HuangYanDao out clear territorial sea beyond boundaries. Until 1997, the Philippines just suddenly claims to have to HuangYanDao sovereignty, this has been first in China to the sovereignty of the statement HuangYanDao after more than 60 years.
As China's foreign ministry spokesman WeiMin Liu Pointed out that: "the Philippines had made it clear that HuangYanDao Fidel is not within the scope of territory, different rune after to China, put forward the HuangYanDao illegal territorial claims, a violation of the relevant respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity of the basic norms governing international relations."
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在黄岩岛问题上，“自古以来”有点勉强
与钓鱼岛问题有所不同，黄岩岛其实并不像钓鱼岛那样，中国人拥有大量的历史文献，证明是中国人率先发现并命名以及利用了这个岛屿。在通常说明黄岩岛“自古以来”属于中国时，提到的都是“1279年，元代著名天文学家郭守敬奉旨进行‘四海测验’，在南海的测量点就在黄岩岛”。不过，这个测量点是根据郭守敬留下的观测数据推算出来的。按学者李金明的说法，反推的结果是，当时的测量点是在西沙群岛一带，若允许有1度左右的误差，则可能会落在黄岩岛。但究竟是否真的在黄岩岛，并无有力的资料证明。
然而此后六百多年，中国文献对黄岩岛的描述出现真空。如果在长达六百年的时间对一个岛屿都没有任何描述的话，那么中国在这段时间对这个岛屿有多少实际的控制是值得怀疑的。不过有可信的证据表明中国渔民到过这个地方附近打渔。
二战前后，民国政府将黄岩岛纳入版图
1935年，民国政府开始对南海诸岛有了主权意识，其设立的水陆地区审查委员会公布的南海诸岛132个岛礁沙滩中，包含了黄岩岛，但名字用的是西方人命名的斯卡巴罗礁，作为中沙群岛的一部分列入了中国版图。1947年10月，在林遵收复南沙之后，民国政府在南海地图划上了著名的十一段线（后成为九段线），声明线内的岛屿均为中国拥有主权，并把斯卡巴罗礁改名为民主礁。此后新中国继承了对南海诸岛的主权。1983年中国地名委员会授权对外公布“我国南海诸岛部分地名”时，将黄岩岛作为标准名称，同时以民主礁为副名。在中国的官方地图中，均将黄岩岛标为中国领土，不间断地在广东省、海南省的管辖下。并且，中国政府关于南海诸岛主权公告和声明中均指出黄岩岛领土主权属于中国。
民国以来中国政府对黄岩岛主权的声索，都属于效力较强的证据。
菲律宾与黄岩岛更近不是拥有主权的理由
菲律宾总统发言人巴瑞肯2000年说, 黄岩岛是菲律宾领土的一部分, 因其位于距离吕宋岛125海里处, 而距离中国大陆将近1000海里, 距离海南岛600海里, 因此“中国对于这座岛礁的主权立场,缺乏历史与法律基础”。在地图上，黄岩岛与菲律宾确实很近。然而，在国际法上，邻近并不能够作为领土主权取得的依据。国际上，某国在其邻国海岸附近拥有岛屿的事例很多, 但它们从不因地理位置的接近而改变岛屿的主权归属。例如澳大利亚的圣诞岛, 距离澳大利亚大陆有数百海里, 而位于印尼爪哇岛20海里之内, 但它并不因邻近而属于印度尼西亚。再如希腊在爱琴海有350 多个岛屿, 其中有些就分布在土耳其海岸附近, 最近的甚至不到1海里。
菲律宾声称对黄岩岛拥有主权的另一借口是, 黄岩岛在菲律宾的专属经济区之内。1997年底, 菲律宾前总统拉莫斯曾说过:“菲律宾有勘探和开发黄岩岛资源的主权, 它是在菲律宾的专属经济区之内”。这个说法违背了国际法最基本的原则，即海权基于陆权，只有先证明黄岩岛的主权是你的，才能说明黄岩岛附近的海洋权利归你，而不是反过来。然而，菲律宾无法证明黄岩岛的主权是他的，因为多年以来菲律宾的地图上根本就不包括黄岩岛。
菲律宾最大软肋，自己国家的重要地图不包含黄岩岛
菲律宾在黄岩岛主权问题上的最大软肋就是：在几份关键性的文件上，黄岩岛都没有归入菲律宾的领土范围内。包括旧殖民者转移主权性质的1898年的巴黎条约、1900年华盛顿条约，以及1930年的美英会谈、1935年菲律宾宪法、1961年共和国3046号法令等。这些条约和法令以明确经纬度和折线的形式都详细地列明了菲律宾的地界。黄岩岛都不在这些地界之内。甚至在上世纪80、90年代以及21世纪的菲律宾地图，很多还不包括黄岩岛，甚至明确把黄岩岛排除在领海界线以外。直到1997年，菲律宾才突然声称拥有对黄岩岛的主权，这已经在中国首次声明对黄岩岛的主权60多年后了。
正如中国外交部发言人刘为民指出的那样：“菲律宾方面曾明确表示黄岩岛不在菲领土范围之内，后又出尔反尔，对中国黄岩岛提出非法的领土要求，违反了有关尊重主权和领土完整的国际关系基本准则。”
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