Go homepage(回首页) Upload pictures (上传图片) Write articles (发文字帖)
The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2013/10/26 11:02:47 Oil in 9 companies in Shaanxi Province hugs confrontation against Canada pipe retrieval network
Reporter Wang Bing gel Beijing
With Sino-Burmese gas pipeline across the running, oil's grip on the domestic natural gas pipelines also further strengthened.
Messages from the Sino-Myanmar oil and gas pipeline projects shows that Sino-Burmese gas pipeline lufeng, Yunnan-Guangxi guigang to begin natural gas conversion, guigang, Guangxi, is expected to arrive on October 20, in order to achieve full run, and joined to the West-East gas pipeline, formed the pattern of integrated national gas regulation.
"From another point of view, the monopoly of the oil pipeline has been further strengthened. Because the sole monopoly of PetroChina pipeline transportation of natural gas, so on the surface performance of PetroChina to show low domestic natural gas prices led to a loss, in fact, high network costs led to the costly stealth oil revenues. "An oil expert told reporters that at present, headed by the Shaanxi luyuan zizhou LNG liquefaction plants 9 Shaanxi liquefied natural gas (LNG) factory stock of hugs after refusing to implement price increases gas and increase gas prices and shutdowns threatened oil, where contradiction is what networks charge.
Network charges raised and Shaanxi enterprises hugs
Oil in 9 companies in Shaanxi Province hugs confrontation, appears to be opposed to gas prices, their root causes, was actually against Petro Canada pipe retrieval network.
On September 27, sold PetroChina Changqing oilfield company announced increased LNG price raw materials-valve station of Shaanxi Province, after raised stock gas 1.955 Yuan/cubic meters, an increase of 2.48 Yuan/cubic meter. Among them, 2.48 Yuan/cubic meter price is the highest station of national development and Reform Commission, uniform accounting prices.
Zhihou of October 12, green source zizhou LNG liquefied factory, and An Saihua oil gas limited, and West Blue Group us dlrs gas liquefied factory, 9 home Shaanxi LNG factory reached consistent action programme, think Shaanxi LNG gas source door station price including of 0.4 Yuan tube lost costs very not reasonable, because Shaanxi Province is located in gas source to, not should contains tube lost fee, decided hold mission refused to Executive price adjustment Hou of stock gas, and incremental gas price.
Petroleum, told reporters in response to the call, PetroChina's implementation of unified accounting prices, price is not the enterprise itself.
Current gas prices fall within the People's Republic of China of 13 controlled commodities under the price law, one of the pricing of natural gas price Bureau at the national development and Reform Commission and local authorities (city natural gas distribution). Benchmark prices and the floating range of the price authorities under specifically determined in consultation by both supply and demand within the fluctuation range.
These oil experts told reporters that the matter ultimately because CNPC "one true superpower" monopoly of natural gas pipeline transportation.
For on energy security of consider, currently China of gas upstream mining and tube network construction operations concentrated Yu in the oil, and Sinopec, and in the Sea oil 3 home oil SOE, they of gas production accounted for national production of 95% above, which, in the oil production accounted for national productions of 70%, is domestic maximum of gas producer, formed has "who alone big" of situation, master has national most gas of imports, and mining and conveying,.
Now, Chinese piped gas supply controlled by PetroChina and Sinopec-controlled by the West-East gas transmission pipeline in Sichuan-East China gas pipeline monopoly, the combination of price determination of the price of natural gas in China. -Myanmar gas pipeline on October 20 will arrive in guigang city, Guangxi Province, in order to achieve full line runs, and in connection with the West-East gas transmission pipeline, formed the pattern of integrated national gas regulation. PetroChina's monopoly on domestic natural gas pipeline was further strengthened. PetroChina, Sinopec's monopoly gas pipeline is what led to our current pricing chaos, root causes of high gas price anomalies in some places.
Imports of natural gas, for example, PetroChina's revelations of losses in earnings every year. But industry experts say that, although import prices indeed are not cheap, but secretly during a sector already in pipeline transport fare increase. Natural gas from the "three barrels of oil" transport to the provincial network to LAN-user process, the need to increase the actual cost is not high. But natural gas pipeline monopoly led pipeline companies around for several times the cost of the fare increase. It also led to the ultimate indoor installation of gas price, part of the price company privately raise charges of belonging to the network, which usually is not considered a cost, so present in the oil import gas price remains on the company's financial statements, "high" and the sale price of "low".
Boost domestic natural gas extraction
Up to now, again with the Government's stimulus development policies as well as the natural gas industry is alien to the huge market of gas demand, domestic gas production space is far from being fully utilized.
Han Xiaoping, the Chief Information Officer of China energy network believes that if you can get the full exploitation of China's natural gas production can be doubled. 2020 China's supply of natural gas is expected to reach 600 billion cubic metres, according to the calculation of 30-40 Yuan per cubic meter can drive the whole chain of many industries, can replace 1.2 billion tons of coal, earth-shaking changes in China's energy structure will be.
China's natural gas pricing chaos, and mining, imports of natural gas and pipeline transportation are integrated under the monopoly of the State, which limits the market with more capital to enter China's natural gas industry, to further enhance the efficiency of various elements in the field of natural gas.
"The single biggest" PetroChina, due to differences in oil and gas prices, as well as to the size of the industry, exploitation of oil and gas revenue received by a far cry from the oil companies for gas exploration incentives to invest substantially lower than oil. Han Xiaoping believes that if domestic natural gas resources can be fully exploited, natural gas supply will greatly reduce the price of natural gas at low prices.
This reporter learned that, the direct cause of gas prices in recent years is the city at the low price of natural gas shortage situation had to choose the high price of gas source.
So far this year, driven by strong Government, domestic natural gas production is accelerating, but still far below the rate of imported natural gas.
According to data from research and PricewaterhouseCoopers showed that first half of the year, domestic production of 58.8 billion cubic meters of natural gas, an increase of 9%, 6.2% first-quarter growth, second-quarter growth of 12.3%; and for the same period, imports of natural gas (including liquefied natural gas) or roughly 24.7 billion cubic meters, an increase of 24.6%.
Cheap and environmental effects of China's natural gas, to produce a huge market demand, while domestic natural gas, widening of the gap between supply and demand of natural gas in a year. Frequently moves to stimulate gas exploration and had to be imported. According to the 2013 supply gaps or over 10 billion cubic meters this winter, "gas shortage" will be more severe than last year.
On October 14, the NDRC to PetroChina, Sinopec, CNOOC and other provincial and municipal departments published forecasts that natural gas conflict between supply and demand in this winter and next spring will be even more pronounced than in previous years, such as encounter extreme weather such as sustained low temperature, for the situation will become more serious. To this end, the high load requires oil Giants to keep the existing gas field production to ensure that the new capacity put into production on schedule and increase imports through multiple channels.
Meanwhile, breaking the monopoly of oil and gas, to allow more capital into the market, and gradually let go of the ex-factory price of natural gas, enhance the efficiency of all sectors of the natural gas field, has become the consensus of the Government and all sectors of the industry.
As China encourages private capital entering into gas pipelines, the purpose of which was to make the perfection to quickly form a natural gas transmission pipeline network, and rapid development of clean energy. One hand, and because of China's natural gas pipeline network have become more refined, the Government will operate independently in order to break the monopoly of natural gas pipelines are being studied, which means that the bottleneck of natural gas use is to eliminate them one by one.
South network(陕西9家企业抱团对抗中石油 反对加收管网费|中石油|陕西|企业_新浪新闻2013年10月24日08:21（编辑：SN095）
本报记者 王冰凝 北京报道
随着中缅天然气管道即将全线运行，中石油对国内天然气管道运输的掌控也进一步加强。
来自中缅油气管道工程项目部的消息显示，中缅天然气管道云南禄丰—广西贵港段开始天然气置换工作，预计10月20日可到达广西贵港，从而实现全线运行，并与西气东输管道相连接，基本形成全国天然气统一调度的格局。
“从另一个角度看，中石油对管道的垄断进一步加强了。因为中石油一家独大垄断天然气管道运输，所以表面上看中石油业绩显示国内天然气价格偏低导致亏损，实际上高昂的管网费给中石油带来了不菲的隐形收入。”一位石油专家告诉记者，目前，以陕西绿源子洲LNG液化厂为首的9家陕西液化天然气(LNG)工厂抱团拒绝执行价格上调后的存量气和增量气价格，并以停产威胁中石油，其中的矛盾焦点就是管网费。
管网费引发陕企抱团
陕西9家企业抱团对抗中石油，表面上看是反对天然气涨价，究其根源，实际上是反对中石油加收管网费。
9月27日，中石油长庆油田油气销售公司宣布上调陕西地区LNG原料气门站价格，上调后存量气1.955元/立方米、增量气2.48元/立方米。其中，2.48元/立方米的价格是国家发改委统一核算的最高门站价格。
之后的10月12日，绿源子洲LNG液化厂、安塞华油天然气有限公司、西蓝集团靖边天然气液化厂等9家陕西LNG工厂达成一致行动方案，认为陕西LNG气源门站价格包括的0.4元管输费用极不合理，因为陕西省地处气源地，不应该含有管输费，决定抱团拒绝执行调价后的存量气、增量气价格。
中石油方面对记者的回应则称，中石油执行的是统一核算的门站价格，调价并非企业自身行为。
目前天然气价格属于《中华人民共和国价格法》所规定的13种管制商品之一，天然气的定价权在国家发改委和各级地方政府的物价局(城市天然气配气)。国务院价格主管部门制定基准价格和浮动幅度，具体由供需双方在浮动幅度范围内协商确定。
上述石油专家告诉记者，此事归根结底是因为中石油“一家独大”垄断天然气管道运输。
出于对能源安全的考虑，目前中国的天然气上游开采和管网建设运营集中于中石油、中石化、中海油3家石油国企，它们的天然气产量占全国产量的95%以上，其中，中石油产量占全国总产量的70%，是国内最大的天然气生产商，形成了“一家独大”的局面，掌握了全国大部分天然气的进口、开采与输送等。
当下，中国管道天然气供应基本由中石油控制的西气东输管道和中石化控制的川气东送管道垄断，二者的价格决定着中国天然气的使用价格。随着中缅天然气管道10月20日将到达广西贵港，从而实现全线运行，并与西气东输管道相连接，基本形成全国天然气统一调度的格局。中石油对国内天然气管输的垄断进一步加强。而中石油、中石化垄断天然气输送管道正是导致我国目前天然气定价混乱、一些地方气价畸形偏高的根源。
以天然气进口为例，中石油每年的财报都会曝出亏损。不过业内专家指出，虽然进口气价的确不便宜，但是相关企业早就在管网运输过程中暗中加价。天然气在从“三桶油”运输到各省管网再到大用户局域网的过程中，需要增加的实际费用并不高。但天然气管网的垄断性则导致各地管网公司的加价动辄为成本的若干倍。这也导致最终的进户气价中，一部分价格属于管网公司私自加码的费用，而这通常不被视为回收的价格成本，所以呈现在石油公司财务报表上的仍然是进口气价的“高昂”与销售价格的“低廉”。
刺激国内天然气开采
截至目前，与政府频频出台刺激天然气产业发展政策以及天然气需求带来的巨大市场空间格格不入的是，国内的天然气开采空间远远没有被充分利用。
中国能源网首席信息官韩晓平认为，中国天然气如果可以得到充分开采利用，产量可以翻一番。预计2020年中国供应天然气的能力将达到6000亿立方米，按照每立方米30-40元计算，可以带动全社会多个产业链，可以替代12亿吨煤，中国能源结构将发生翻天覆地的变化。
目前我国天然气定价混乱，而天然气的开采、进口以及管道运输均处于一体化的垄断状态下，这限制着更多的市场资本进入中国天然气行业，以提升天然气领域各环节效率。
而“一家独大”的中石油内部，由于油价和气价的差异以及产业规模的差异，开采石油和开采天然气所获得的收益相去甚远，石油公司对天然气开采投资的积极性大大低于石油。韩晓平认为，如果国内的天然气资源能够得到充分开采，低价天然气的供应将大大降低天然气价格。
记者了解到，近年来天然气涨价的直接原因即各城市在低价天然气不足的现实下不得不选择高价气源。
今年以来，在政府的大力推动下，国内天然气的开采正在加速，但仍然远远低于进口天然气的速度。
据中研普华的数据显示，今年上半年，国内天然气产量588亿立方米，增长9.0%，其中一季度增长6.2%，二季度增长12.3%；而同一时期，天然气进口量(含液化天然气)约合247亿立方米，增长24.6%。
中国天然气的低价效应和环保效应，在促生了国内天然气巨大的市场需求的同时，每年的天然气供需缺口也在不断扩大。政府不得不频频出招刺激天然气的开采和进口。数据显示，2013年供气缺口或超100亿立方米，今冬“气荒”将比去年更加严峻。
10月14日，国家发改委向中石油、中石化、中海油等各省市部门发布通知预测称，今冬明春天然气供需矛盾较往年将更为突出，如遭遇持续低温等极端天气，保供形势将更加严峻。为此，要求三大石油巨头保持现有气田高负荷生产，确保新增产能按期投产，并多渠道增加进口。
与此同时，打破中石油天然气垄断，让更多市场资本进入，逐步放开天然气出厂价，提升天然气领域各环节效率，已经成为政府以及行业各界的共识。
比如我国鼓励民间资本进入到天然气管道运输，其目的就是使得我国能够迅速形成较为完善的天然气输气管道网，进而快速发展清洁能源。另一方面则是因为我国天然气管道网络已经渐趋完善，政府正在研究将天然气管道独立运营以破除垄断，从而意味着天然气使用的瓶颈正在逐一消除。
赞