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The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2013/10/26 11:02:50 Supreme Court starts double people’s assessors 3 plans to increase 10yuwanming
Original title: the Supreme Court: jury 3 multiply
Reporter Ma Hui Beijing
On October 23, 12 were considered by the fifth meeting of the NPC group made by Zhou Qiang, President of the Supreme People's Court, Supreme People's Court on the people's assessors decide to report on implementation and work of the people's assessors (hereinafter referred to as "the report").
In 2004, the promulgation of the decision on improving the people's jury system, China formally established the people's juror system and clearly defined the nature of people's assessors, position, duties, selection, rights and obligations, and so on. After nearly a decade, tried by the people's assessors participate in the proportion of cases in the country was increased. Reports indicate that only the first half of this year, the national courts of first instance procedure in case, and the jury rate reached 71.7%, including, most recently, by society of wide concern infanticide Jilin Zhou Xijun stolen car.
For this system, Zhou summed up as, "focusing on enhancing the transparency of the judiciary, had made good legal and social effects. "But it cannot be denied is that needs this system has many imperfections, such as people's assessors constitute a representation of the masses in question is low. Disclosed in the report, currently existing people's assessors 87,000 people all over the country, from party and Government organs of jurors than many.
Luo Liangquan members involved in the review disclosed a set of data: Southeast Guizhou Miao Dong nationality autonomous prefecture in Guizhou province, 426 16 counties in the state judge, juror is 308, which jurors fail to 110 people from party and Government departments, accounting for 36%.
Participate in the review, Mrs Rita FAN, Member, current source structure of people's assessors, conflict with the system's purpose is. Jury system are important in building people's confidence in the judicial fairness part of folk wisdom, knowledge and ideas into the process of Justice; judges are experts in legal, people's assessors provide public sentiment of the local folk, can be said to be a combination of legal and human.
Why are there people's assessors "people" so low? Zhou attributed in the report to relevant provisions of existing laws. Articulated in the decision on the system of people's assessors: "aged 23 years old", "served as people's assessors shall normally be a college education or above".
But in reality judicial practice, have encountered such a problem in many places, rural areas looking for "College" populations served as people's assessors is very difficult, especially in the Western region, local groups that have received higher education mostly go out to earn a living.
Attend meetings of groups considered by the national people's Congress on behalf of Mrs Miriam LAU said, "Hong Kong practices could be considered, when all people at a certain level of education is going to be a juror, which is a liability to the community." National People's Congress, Hong Kong S.A.R., Deputy Director of the Committee for the basic law, Ms Leung said it is further recommended that citizens "and reach the high school level" could meet their obligations.
Zhou revealed that the Supreme Court has launched a project known as people's assessors during the year "doubling plan", national court efforts in 2-3 years increased people's juror numbers from 87,000 to around 200,000.
Among them, with particular emphasis on people's assessor's representative and inclusive, wide range of different sectors of the community, gender, age and ethnicity of persons to participate in the jury work, "strive to improve grass roots, in particular workers, peasants, rural workers, veterans, groups such as the proportion of communities, ensure that the proportion of mass not less than two-thirds new people's assessors".
A few days ago, 10 provinces and 19 courts in Beijing have carried out the pilot.
原标题：最高法：人民陪审员3年倍增
本报记者 马晖 北京报道
10月23日，十二届全国人大常委会第五次会议分组审议了最高人民法院院长周强所作的《最高人民法院关于人民陪审员决定执行和人民陪审员工作情况的报告》(下称“报告”)。
2004年，《关于完善人民陪审员制度的决定》颁布，中国正式建立了人民陪审员制度并明确规定了人民陪审员的性质、地位、职责、选任、权利和义务等内容。此后近十年，全国人民陪审员参加审理的案件比例逐年提高。报告显示，仅今年上半年全国法院审理的一审普通程序案件，陪审率已达71.7%，包括不久前被社会广为关注的吉林周喜军盗车杀婴案。
对于该项制度，周强概括为，“注重增强司法透明度，取得了良好的法律效果和社会效果。”但不可否认的是，这项制度尚有诸多亟待完善之处，比如人民陪审员构成中基层群众代表比例偏低的问题。报告中披露，目前全国各地现有人民陪审员8.7万人，来自党政机关的陪审员占比不少。
参与分组审议的罗亮权委员披露了一组数据：贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州，全州16个县市的法官426名，陪审员是308名，其中来自党政部门的陪审员110人，占36%。
在参与分组审议的范徐丽泰委员看来，目前人民陪审员的来源结构，与该项制度建立的初衷是有所抵牾的。人民陪审员制度是建立人民群众对司法公平的信心中重要的一环，也将民间的智慧、常识、想法带入了司法的程序；法官是法律的专家，人民陪审员提供当地的民情民风，可以说是法律与人情的一个结合。
为何会出现人民陪审员中“人民”的比例偏低？周强在报告中归之于现行法律的相关规定。《关于人民陪审员制度的决定》中明确提出：“年满二十三周岁”、“担任人民陪审员，一般应具有大学专科以上的文化程度”。
而在现实司法实践中，很多地方都遭遇这样的难题，农村要找“大专以上”的民众来担任人民陪审员很困难，尤其是西部地区，当地接受过高等教育的群体大多外出谋生。
列席分组审议的全国人大代表刘健仪表示，“可以考虑香港的做法，所有的人到了某个教育水平的时候就要当陪审员，这是对社会的一个责任”。全国人大常委会香港特别行政区基本法委员会副主任梁爱诗则进一步建议，公民“达到中学毕业水平”就可履行义务。
周强透露，最高法已在年内启动了一项名为人民陪审员“倍增计划”，努力在2至3年内将全国法院人民陪审员数量从目前的8.7万名增至20万左右。
其中，尤其强调人民陪审员的代表性和广泛性，广泛吸收社会不同行业、性别、年龄、民族的人员参加陪审工作，“努力提高基层群众特别是工人、农民、进城务工人员、退伍军人、社区居民等群体的比例，确保基层群众所占比例不低于新增人民陪审员的三分之二”。
日前，北京等10个省市19个法院已开展该项试点。
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