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The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2013/10/31 9:29:41 A clean civil service pension system have long been in practice has been suspected to be a disguised form of welfare
Build clean annuity must be transparent to property as predicate. Singapore, China, Hong Kong's independent Commission against corruption system to be effective, rather than strict cadre property is inseparable from the public system. Experience simple, single copy could not achieve the goal.
Development Research Center of the State Council publicly "383" reform package, sketched a picture of a detailed blueprint for reform. One of the most striking items is to create clean pension system.
These recommendations in the report: according to economic growth, price changes, and the average income levels of society, rational determination of government departments and public organizations ' income and their growth mechanism. Establish a clean pension system, officials have not made major mistakes or detect acts of corruption received when it is retired. Construction of "not greed, greed, not greedy," corrosion mechanism.
"Clean pension system" is not new, at least approximately, "clean Fund, the independent Commission against corruption of gold" have long established practices in various places.
In 2002, the Liuyang city of Hunan province, in one of the earliest attempts are similar to the independent Commission against corruption of a provident fund system, known as the margin of the ICAC, individuals with financial payment for 1:2. Since then, Shanxi Ankang, Beijing mentougou district local taxation Bureau, IRS, Xian Beilin District Court, Taian, Shandong province local tax Bureau, Pingxiang, Jiangxi province Finance Bureau and other places and units have been piloting a similar system. In 2003 attempted to establish the independent Commission against corruption system in Shenzhen, but in 2004, "stillborn".
Around the "independent Commission against corruption of gold" in practice in their own ways. For example, in 2004, the Hangzhou xiacheng district dominated by individual civil servants the burden, depending on the length of service, level and other factors determine the coefficient of a supplement, namely individuals and organizations share the responsibility. Attempts are all by the financial burden of Cixi city, Zhejiang, individuals do not bear the cost of the civil service.
In numerous attempts, Jiangmen, Guangdong, practice is more mature. July 1, 2010, Jiangmen city, Guangdong Province has enacted the line is directly under the independent Commission against corruption Provident Fund pilot rules, directly under piloting the new deal---the Commission funds. According to the line is the pilot scheme, the independent Commission against corruption the Civil Service Provident Fund for the line is straight, volunteered to join.
As with the name, "the independent Commission against corruption funds" implementation measures is similar to the existing housing accumulation Fund. Municipal funding arrangements included in the annual budget. According to the more responsibilities, the greater the risk management principles, the independent Commission against corruption grade of standard deposit funds by current positions open. Among them, the personal and financial proportions using the 50% method. When the lift occurs when individual posts from serving when the next month, Provident Fund deposit of ICAC standards change over positions adjusted accordingly. While unit wage changes, standard payment also deal with changes in procedures. 5-year period, cannot be extracted and used in the Middle, to full extract and all the way to retirement.
Jiangmen of pilot also will according to civil servants of level set different independent Commission against corruption Provident Fund of grade: Office level cadres monthly deposit 1600 Yuan, its Xia of Deputy Office level, and are Department level, and Deputy Department level, and are section each level descending 200 Yuan; Deputy Chief (Director clerk), and Deputy Director clerk, and clerk, and clerks monthly respectively paid 750 Yuan, and 600 Yuan, and 400 Yuan, and 300 yuan. Punishment always go together. Jiangmen experience is, subject to different penalties under civil service, honest share of Provident Fund deduction.
Jiangmen ICAC Provident Fund scheme was launched, which caused enormous controversy. One of the biggest questions is the Provident Fund of the ICAC is a "de facto welfare", fighting against corruption is in fact "the Emperor's new clothes".
In this regard, the head of Provident Fund Office of the leading group for the work of the ICAC in Jiangmen city to come forward in response to questioning, provident fund scheme of the ICAC from the benefit lies in its four properties: a duality. Welfare is a single government finances to an economic subsidy for civil servants, and the Provident Fund of the ICAC is made up of government finances and personal finances in two parts; the second is permanent. A cycle of five years, cannot be extracted and used in the middle and all the way to retirement can be extracted in full three risks. Once the discipline of civil servants, not only to deduction of the financial capital, but also to deduction of the deposit their money, and the binding. Its education on all acts of civil life in politics, warning and supervision role.
But after this response via media exposure, is not clearing up various social controversies. Skeptics argue against matching system for the civil service not to keep up, clean, disguised welfare annuity will become civil servants, does not act as a "salary".
Zhuli Professor School of public administration, Department of State administration is one of resolute opponents. From Jiangmen pilot has just begun, until the 28th of interviews, he has "clean pension system" has not been greeted with optimism.
Zhuli believes that establishing clean pension, must be based on transparent property as predicate. Singapore, Hong Kong's independent Commission against corruption system to be effective, well-organized cadres property disclosure system are inseparable. Experience simple, single copy could not achieve the goal.
(The business journal)
(Original title: integrity Fund 10 local test)
建立廉洁年金，必须以财产透明作为前提。新加坡、中国香港的廉政金制度能够有效，与其严密的干部财产公开制度是分不开的。简单、单一照搬经验不能达到目的。
国务院发展研究中心日前公开的“383”改革方案，勾勒出一幅详尽的改革蓝图。其中最引人注目的一项内容，是建立廉洁年金制度。
上述报告中建议：根据经济增长、物价变动和社会平均收入水平，合理确定政府部门和公立机构职工收入水平及其增长机制。建立廉洁年金制度，公职人员未犯重大错误或未发现腐败行为的退休后方可领取。构建“不能贪、不敢贪、不愿贪”的防腐机制。
“廉洁年金制度”并不陌生，至少与其近似的“廉洁公积金、廉政金”在各地已早有实践。
2002年，湖南省浏阳市在国内最早尝试类似于廉政公积金的制度，名为廉政保证金，个人与财政缴存比例为1∶2。此后，北京门头沟地税局、山西安康国税局、西安市碑林区法院、山东泰安地税局、江西萍乡财政局等地方和单位陆续试点类似制度。2003年深圳也曾尝试建立廉政金制度，但于2004年“胎死腹中”。
各地“廉政金”的实践各有特点。比如，2004年，杭州市下城区以公务员个人负担为主，单位根据工龄、级别等因素确定一个贴补系数，即个人和单位共同承担。浙江慈溪市的尝试则全部由财政负担，公务员个人不负担费用。
众多尝试中，广东江门的实践显得更成熟。2010年7月1日，广东省江门市颁布了《江门市市直廉政公积金试行办法》，在市直机关试行新政——— 廉政公积金。按江门市的试行办法，廉政公积金针对江门市直机关的公务员，自愿加入。
同名称一样，“廉政公积金”的实施办法类似于现行住房公积金。市财政资金列入年度预算安排。根据责任越大、风险越大的管理原则，廉政公积金的缴存标准按现任职务拉开档次。其中，个人和市财政的出资比例采用各占50%的办法。当个人职务发生升降时，从任职通知时间的次月起，廉政公积金缴存标准随职务变化作相应的调整。单位在办理工资变动时，同时办理缴存标准变动手续。5年为期，中途不能提取和使用，并一直到退休时才能全额提取。
江门的试点还将根据公务员的级别设定不同廉政公积金的等级：厅级干部每月缴存1600元，其下的副厅级、正处级、副处级、正科级每级递减200元；副科长(主任科员)、副主任科员、科员、办事员每月分别缴750元、600元、400元、300元。奖罚总是相伴而行。江门的经验是，根据公务员受到的不同处分，扣除廉洁公积金中的比例。
江门廉政公积金制度一经发布，即引发巨大争议。其中最大的质疑是廉政公积金乃“变相福利”，反腐倡廉其实是“皇帝的新衣”。
对此，江门市廉政公积金工作领导小组办公室负责人出面回应质疑称，廉政公积金区别于福利在于其四个特性：一是双重性。福利是政府财政单一发给公务员的一种经济补贴，而廉政公积金是由政府财政和个人两部分资金组成；二是长期性。以五年为一个周期，中途不能提取和使用，并一直到退休时才能全额提取；三是风险性。公务员一旦违纪，不仅要扣除财政给个人的资金，而且要扣除自己缴存的资金；四是约束性。它对公务员一生的从政行为都具有教育、警示和督促作用。
但这番回应经由媒体曝光后，并未消解社会各方面的争论。持怀疑态度的人认为针对公务员的相关配套制度没跟上，廉洁年金只会成为公务员的变相福利，丝毫不能起到“养廉”之用。
国家行政管理学院公共管理教研部教授竹立家便是坚决的反对者之一。从江门的试点刚刚开始，一直到28日的采访，他对“廉洁年金”制度均未报以乐观态度。
竹立家认为，建立廉洁年金，必须以财产透明作为前提。新加坡、中国香港的廉政金制度能够有效，与其严密的干部财产公开制度是分不开的。简单、单一照搬经验不能达到目的。
(《第一财经日报》)
(原标题：廉政公积金10年地方试验)
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