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The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2013/10/31 9:33:30 Marginalization trend of agricultural cadres apparent disregard for farmers
"Industrial investment chat for half a day, talking about agriculture a cigarette"
Grain stability of agricultural cadres "at ease"
-Reporter Guo Yuanming Chen Chen Zhang Xingjun Zhang zhilong Li song Xian, Nanchang, Zhengzhou, Jinan, Chongqing reported
Reporters recently in Shandong and Henan provinces such as Jiangxi, Hubei, and Shaanxi and Chongqing agricultural producing areas of investigation learned that trapped in agriculture "non-tax" and "non-performance" the industrial characteristics, the enthusiasm of agricultural production in these areas is generally not very high, were "carrying a burden of agricultural, scratching out agricultural burdens" embarrassment, stable grain of agricultural cadres "at ease".
Agricultural County grain more wealth and less
Major grain-producing areas in wanzai County of Jiangxi province, although in recent years organic agriculture development in life, but still can't get rid of "little industrial district, the financial poor counties" agricultural big County "official portrait". According to wanzai County Bureau of statistics, 2012 local resources available to 800 million Yuan, per capita income ranks Yichun 10 counties last. "The County financial support staff of 15,000 each pay about $ 35,000, plus running costs of the Office Unit, 800 million largely eat ' rigid spending ', is typical of the ' food and clothing financial '. "Wanzai County Department of finance accounting Center Director Zeng Dongsheng told the economic information daily reporter said.
"Food has been suffering, g d p and revenues will not grow. Data does not appear, don't see the leadership ", this reporter heard in provincial grain-producing regions of agricultural cadres universal" knot ". Some grass-roots cadre of the major grain producing counties in Shaanxi province said helplessly, "relies on the higher allocation of single financing channel, fall far short of needs of construction of major grain producing areas. The maintenance of ' eating ' needs to be ' alms ' where money can't develop? ”
Money dealers at the same time, because of the pull of economic benefit and contribution to the g d p growth rate is low, in some traditional agricultural area, agricultural sector become a de facto "second-tier" Department. "Attracting heading, capital project is King" under development, agricultural pay enough attention to the leadership, governance is not widespread in agriculture, agricultural big County is eager to get rid of "hat" impulses are difficult to contain.
"Although major grain production provinces, but now many cadres is the industry most of the day, talk about business for a long time, and demolished most of the day, talk about agriculture just one cigarette, main leader of mind not agriculture at all. "Central province said a responsible comrades painfully in the agricultural sector. Journalists read Jiaozhou city in Shandong province, Hua county in Shaanxi Province, and other major grain producing area in 2013-the Government work report, "project", "scratch merchants" and "promoting urbanization construction of" Word frequently appears, relating to the agricultural proportion is small, individual local agricultural work or even "glossed over".
A local Secretary for agriculture in Jiangxi province, "said local governments obsessed with industrialization and urbanization, which can generate a huge amount of g d p and taxes, but the General contempt for the modernization of agriculture, because neither taxes nor performance. Now, there's something, ' If after 10 years is still in an agricultural County agricultural counties, shows leadership can't, is synonymous with economic and financial poverty '. ”
Huazhong Normal University, China, Professor at the Centre for rural studies he airline said, current agricultural development of typical "Central Government, local disregard" phenomenon, universal criteria of assessment of the implemented focus on economy, agricultural counties of tarnished, greatly dampens the enthusiasm of cadres, more and more farmers and agriculture cadres "mind" work flows to the industrial County.
This reporter learned that, agricultural "hidden" feature caused some local agricultural cadre "marginalized" trend becomes more apparent. "Agriculture officials won't open, promoted to organize cadres and personnel, look at which Ministers, Director of the national development and Reform Commission has not been promoted, and was promoted to the Secretary of agriculture? Cadres once it is adjusted to the agricultural sector, essentially means that withdrew from the leadership perspective ". In Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Hubei, to interview, a number of agricultural cadres expressed the feelings to reporters.
"Carrying a burden of agricultural, grabbed the burden of agriculture"
Because of less creation of agriculture tax, the local industrial structure in a single, financial stress, development has been slow, in a "more agricultural, poorer and poorer as weak agricultural" embarrassment, poverty alleviation and development of agriculture in the "Matthew effect" becomes more apparent. "Grain counties are mostly financial poor counties, these places are ' carrying a burden of agricultural, scratched face huge losses in agriculture '," said Han Jun, Deputy Director of development research center of the State Council.
"The ' small water projects '' clean '' reservoirs '' new rural construction of engineering governance ', which more than 20 projects to city and county-level fiscal package, funding under a lot of pressure. "Jiangxi one set district city treasurer about head to economic reference reported under reporter said, to can propagation sow subsidies for cases, requirements all County City supporting more than 10 million, supporting ratio for 20%," we of pigs mass outside lost tempering meat price, for country for contribution, but local because pig pollution has environment, and no formed price depression, also no tax, also to himself subsidies, this fair did? ”
"It is capable of supporting, the project is where to go. Any local can get projects not to engage in agriculture, in poor areas but unable to get government funding because can't afford to support, some items knowing very well, but with no money and only shelved. "The COA said a cadre of Chongqing municipality, agriculture policy insurance investment, infrastructure construction, and on the end attached to the food, and at lower prices from the main producing areas into the main selling area. "Like a water pump, draining our achievements, this is forcing agricultural counties to industry. ”
Known as "the South barn," said Shandong tancheng County Farm Bureau Vice Director Yang Shouchun said, widespread grass-roots agricultural technicians insufficient personnel, issues such as ageing, technical faults, but due to financial constraints, their wages and living treatment long term are not guaranteed, "township-level agricultural technique are fuck ' sideline ', who help farmers on farming anymore! If we can have those fiscal half the counties ' economic power, our agricultural development on a higher level. ”
Journalist research found that although central agricultural producing areas a certain reward money year after year, but due to these local financial ability is generally tight, make up most of the funds were put into the financial "cages", used to offset wage bonuses such as "eat" gap, couldn't get into agricultural development "large plate". Some local agricultural departments to complain: "hog County has 4 million or 5 million reward Fund, grain production County has more than 20 million dollar reward Fund, these funds had been paid, with very few inputs for agricultural infrastructure improvement. ”
“工业招商侃半天，谈到农业一支烟”
农业干部稳粮“心难安”
□记者 郭远明 陈晨 李松 张兴军 张志龙 南昌 西安 重庆 郑州 济南报道
记者近期在鲁豫赣鄂陕渝等省市的农业主产区调研了解到，受困于农业“非税”“非政绩”的产业特征，这些地区抓农业生产的积极性普遍不高，陷入“背着包袱抓农业，抓完农业包袱重”的尴尬，农业干部稳粮“心难安”。
农业县粮多财少
万载县是江西省粮食主产区，尽管近年来有机农业发展得有声有色，但当地依然无法摆脱“工业小县、财政穷县”的农业大县“标准像”。据万载县财政局统计，2012年当地可用财力为8亿元，人均财政收入位列宜春市10县市区倒数第一。“全县财政供养人员1.5万，每人工资支出约为3.5万元，加上机关单位的运行开支，8亿基本属于保吃饭的‘刚性支出’，是典型的‘温饱财政’。”万载县财政局会计核算中心主任曾东升向《经济参考报》记者坦言。
“粮食连年丰，G D P和财政收入却不见增长。数据显不出，领导看不到”，这是记者在多省粮食主产区听到农业干部的普遍“心结”。陕西省部分粮食主产县的基层干部无奈地表示，“依靠上级拨款的单一资金渠道，远远不能满足粮食主产区建设的需要。维持‘吃饭’尚且需要‘化缘’，哪里有钱搞建设？”
在财力捉襟见肘的同时，由于对经济的拉动效益和对G D P增长的贡献率低，在部分传统农区，农业部门沦为事实上的“二线部门”。在各地“招商引资打头、资金项目挂帅”的发展思路下，领导对农业不够重视、施政重点不在农业的现象普遍存在，农业大县急于甩掉“农帽”的冲动难以遏制。
“虽是粮食主产省，可现在许多干部是谈工业大半天、谈招商大半天、谈拆迁大半天，谈农业只需一支烟的工夫，主要领导的心思根本不在农业。”中部省份农业部门一位负责同志痛心地说。记者翻阅了山东省胶州市、陕西省华县等多个粮食主产地2013年度的政府工作报告，“上项目”“抓招商”“推进城镇化建设”等字眼频频出现，而涉及农业部分的比重都不大，个别地方对农业工作甚至“一笔带过”。
江西省一位地方农业局局长表示，“各级地方政府沉迷于工业化和城镇化，这两项可以产生巨量G D P和税收，但普遍轻视农业现代化，因为既不产生税收也不出政绩。现在有种说法，‘一个农业县如果10年后还是农业县，说明领导能力不行，是经济落后和财政穷困的代名词’。”
华中师范大学中国农村问题研究中心教授贺东航表示，当前农业发展存在典型的“中央惠农、地方不顾农”现象，各地普遍推行注重经济总量的考核标准，农业大县无翻身之日，极大地挫伤了干部的积极性，越来越多的三农干部“人心思走”，努力流向工业大县。
记者了解到，农业的“隐性产业”特征造成一些地方农业干部“被边缘化”趋势愈发明显。“农业干部吃不开，提拔都是组织干部、人事干部，你看看哪个组织部长、发改委主任没有被提拔，而又有几个农业局长被提拔了？干部一旦被调整到农业部门，基本上意味着退出了领导的视野”。在陕赣鄂等地采访时，多位农口干部都对记者表达了这样的心声。
“背着包袱抓农业，抓了农业包袱重”
由于农业较少创造税收，这些地方普遍产业结构单一、财力紧张、发展速度缓慢，陷入了“越抓农业越穷、越穷越无力抓农业”的尴尬之中，农业扶贫开发中的“马太效应”愈发明显。“种粮大县大多是财政穷县，这些地方是‘背着包袱抓农业，抓了农业又背包袱’，”国务院发展研究中心副主任韩俊称。
“‘小农水项目’‘清洁工程’‘新农村建设’‘病险水库治理’，这20多个项目基本都要市县两级财政配套，资金压力很大。”江西一位设区市财政局有关负责人对《经济参考报》记者称，以能繁母猪补贴为例，要求各县市配套1000多万，配套比例为20%，“我们的生猪大量外输平抑肉价，为国家作贡献，但本地因为养猪污染了环境，又没有形成价格洼地，也没有税收，还要自己补贴，这公平吗？”
“现在是哪里有能力配套，项目就往哪里去。凡是不搞农业的地方都能拿到项目，穷地方反而因为配套不起而拿不到惠农资金，有些项目明明知道很好，但没钱也只能搁置下来。”重庆市农委一位干部说，农业政策性保险投入、基础设施建设等最终都附着在粮食上，并以较低价格从主产区流入主销区。“像一台抽水机，把我们的成果抽走，这是逼着农业大县去搞工业。”
素有“鲁南粮仓”之称的山东省郯城县农业局副局长杨寿春表示，基层农技人员普遍存在人员不足、年龄老化、技术断层等问题，但由于财政吃紧，他们的工资和生活待遇长期得不到保障，“乡镇一级的农技员都去干‘副业’了，谁还指导农民种地啊！如果能有那些财政强县经济实力的一半，俺们的农业发展就能再上一个台阶。”
记者调研发现，尽管中央每年给农业主产区一定的奖励资金，但由于这些地方财力普遍吃紧，奖补资金大多被放进财政的“笼子”，用于弥补工资奖金等“吃饭”缺口，进不了农业发展“大盘子”。一些地方农业部门负责人就抱怨：“生猪大县有四五百万的奖励资金，粮食生产大县有2000多万元的奖励资金，但这些资金都被发了工资，极少用于农业基础设施改善的再投入。”
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