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The author:(作者)左published in(发表于) 2013/11/12 0:16:20 Smart City is not a jigsaw puzzle _ Sina news
Smart City is not a puzzle game
Rely on a single, fragmented-smart "wisdom" is not going to get a smart city, because the city's blood does not get through
Text | Zhang Yu
Smart City look like? This question, answer more difficult than to explain "what is a good man." Just like good men have more than one dimension criteria, wisdom seems to be reflected in many aspects of the city.
The simplest example is a cartoon, some already and mobile phone SIM cards are combined, this card can be reached by public transport, hire public bicycles, supermarket shopping and other consumer.
Electronic Chief is a typical application, let public, and Enterprise homes through Internet on can handle many public business, or greatly simplified do process, like Hong Kong and Macao passes of endorsements by past relies on human spent time of mode simplified into has a Taiwan self machine---had to said, this more like a opposite case, endorsements why cannot in online applications paid and simplified into tickets as of II dimension yards transfer to phone Shang does?
It is interesting, urban management will wise up. Call it "Smart City" concept has been carried out in full swing in many cities in the country. Such as Beijing Chengguan on IOS and Android has launched the "I love Beijing Chengguan link" applications, providing map services and violations of law and discipline of reporting services. However, how to effectively clear the road of civilization operating unlicensed hawkers, have yet to be explored.
In some city, public of all information has was integration to with---people of basic information, and work situation, and address, and Bank of deposits and trading information, and property information, and so on, listening up seems to be not fresh, but fine wanted to a, dang these scattered of information spell in with---especially people and assets information complete to who and keep update, anti-corruption supervision will Shang has a new of steps.
For example, smart bus schedule information and inform all passengers of trains passing through, and the shuttle about when approaching, smart parking thought the owner flag within one kilometre of the parking spaces in the vicinity, lest he rolled everywhere.
You can hear and see a lot of smart city-related topics, especially in the accelerated process of urbanization in China: urban management, environmental protection, disaster warning, intensive use of resources, smart grid, a busy but orderly traffic, tele-medicine, too much is too much. All of these are ignited sparks of the city.
If poke those complex complex of appearances see, wisdom city of kernel is a based on information communications technology (ICT) of height effective run of system, this system real-time in collected this city each individual of information (through RFID, and sensor, and camera wait), transmission to interconnect interworking of all database, again after analysis (cloud computing and big data), thereby produces judgment even forecast capacity, and according to rules formed must of processing mechanism---this can greatly improve Government of decision-making level, This is probably the ideal type of smart city.
On "intelligent city" is the concept of IBM. In IBM's vision, never clogged streets, safe and secure energy for food, take the right way ... ... This is the "intelligent cities". In a city like this, wisdom of IT technology (and of course, preferably provided by IBM) will be integrated into all walks of life, people can enjoy the convenience of life, and live in harmony with the environment.
Smarter cities as a concept, has a more ambitious prototype---the wisdom of the Earth. In late 2008, it was a very special time, when the financial crisis broke out and spread to the world, which affected China's 4 trillion yuan economic stimulus package to be introduced in 2009. IBM then throws a "smart planet" concept---each person, company, organization, city, country, and natural systems induction and measurement of the social system is to achieve a more thorough and comprehensive interconnection, achieve more intelligent insight on this basis.
In IBM's philosophy that "insight" is the embodiment of the wisdom---you don't have to deal with, but willing to forecast.
About this "project", Google had predicted United States winter cases of influenza spread, by observing people searches on the Internet, can anticipate not only spread across America, and can be specific to a particular region and State, its based on a daily basis received from more than 3 billion people around the world order of big data analysis.
This is where "big data" part.
For many people, it is not of the best utopian concept. For IBM, this is a great business plan, could not bring himself to caught up in the economic crisis, and ingenious use of national policy on Government response to the crisis and at the same time the post-crisis transition strategy, opening up new markets and growth for themselves. And now, it's not only IBM business opportunities, digital, dawn, Huawei and other local companies also involved in this process of converging.
"Intelligent city" widely welcomed by local governments in China---energy-saving environmental protection, high technology and emerging industries, improve people's livelihood, close to the harmony label started investing is more suitable. Therefore, our eyes appeared a variety of urban fragments of wisdom, except noted at the outset, there is way too much.
This debris is the lack of top-level performance.
Reality in China is that bulls management, longs to advance the construction of the project. In national level, live built Department introduced of two batch wisdom City pilot has over 200 a, Technology Department also in introduced 20 a pilot city, while, national NDRC are joint more ministries established wisdom city construction department inter-joint system, started 10 a area wisdom engineering construction, organization 100 a city carried out pilot model; in place, including around NDRC, and by letter Board or technology competent sector,, are in promoting wisdom city construction of different project.
China's wisdom doesn't seem to form a unified standard and strategy or theme. In this connection, to compare Singapore 2006 wisdom 2015 Plan (earlier than proposed IBM smarter planet and, of course, different meaning), as well as Japan's i-Japan strategy. In Singapore, for example, by the Infocomm Development Authority (IDA) comprehensive strategies for integrated and intelligent City (equivalent to the country's "Chief Information Officer"), clear information and communication infrastructure as the cornerstone, Singapore's infocomm industry has witnessed rapid development.
Wisdom of a more futuristic cities, should be a does not depend on managers, does not in the Manager's will as to transfer of the efficient operation of the system, the wisdom of this city is no longer the Manager of wisdom, but the wisdom of that system.
And an intelligent city, it first needs to be wise to the establishment. Relying on a single, a fragmented smart "wisdom" is not going to put together into an intelligent city, as the city's blood does not come through. Smarter cities should not be seen as a nutritional waiting to be carved up (financial support) rich cake. Smart City is really not a puzzle game.
(Edit: SN054) November 11, 2013(智慧城市不是一场拼图游戏 _新闻资讯
智慧城市不是一场拼图游戏
依靠单个的、支离破碎的小聪明式的“智慧应用”，并不能拼凑成一个智慧城市，因为这个城市的血脉并未打通
文 | 张瑜
智慧城市长什么样？这个问题，回答难度并不亚于解释“什么是好人”。正如好人有多个维度的标准一样，城市的智慧似乎也能体现在很多方面。
最简单的例子是一卡通，有些已经和手机的SIM卡合二为一，用这一张卡就可以进行乘坐各种公交工具、租用公共自行车、超市购物等消费。
电子政务也是个典型应用，让市民、企业足不出户通过互联网就可以办理很多公共业务，或者大大简化办事流程，比如港澳通行证的签注由以往依靠人力耗费时间的模式简化成了一台自助机器---不得不说，这更像个反面案例，签注为什么不能在网上申请付费并且简化成机票那样的二维码传送到手机上呢？
有意思的是，城管也要智慧起来了。这个叫“智慧城管”的构想已经在国内的许多城市如火如荼地开展起来。比如北京城管在IOS和安卓系统上推出了“我爱北京 市民城管通”的应用软件，提供地图服务和违法违纪的举报服务。不过，对于如何文明有效地清除占道经营的无照小贩，还有待探索。
在某些城市，市民的所有信息已经被整合到一起---人的基本信息、工作情况、住址、银行的存款和交易信息、房产信息，等等，听上去似乎不新鲜，但细想一下，当这些分散的信息拼在一起---尤其是人与资产信息完整对位并保持更新，反腐监督便上了一个新的台阶。
再比如说，智能公交站牌可以告知乘客所有途经的车次和信息，以及下班车大概何时到站，智能停车系统可以为车主探测附近一公里内的停车位，免得他到处打转。
你可以听到和看到许多与智慧城市相关的话题，尤其是在中国加速的城镇化进程中：环保、城市管理、灾难预警、资源集约利用、智能电网、繁忙却有序的交通、远程医疗，太多太多了。所有的这些，都在到处点燃城市智慧的火花。
如果拨开那些纷繁复杂的表象来看，智慧城市的内核是一个基于信息通信技术(ICT)的高度有效运行的系统，这个系统实时在搜集这个城市每个个体的信息(通过RFID、传感器、摄像头等等)，传输到互联互通的各个数据库，再经过分析(云计算和大数据)，从而产生判断甚至预测能力，并且根据规则形成一定的处理机制---这可以大大提高政府的决策水平，这大概就是智慧城市的理想型了吧。
提出“智慧城市”这一概念的是IBM。在IBM的构想中，永不堵塞的街道、安全放心的食品、取之有道的能源……这就是“智慧的城市”。在这样的城市中，智慧的IT科技(当然，最好是IBM提供的)将融入各行各业，人们可以尽享便利生活，并与环境和谐相处。
智慧城市作为一个概念，有一个更宏大的原型---智慧地球。2008年底，那是个极为特殊的时间，当时金融危机全面爆发并蔓延至全球，而受到波及的中国将在2009年推出四万亿元经济刺激计划。IBM就在那时抛出了“智慧的地球”这个概念---每个人、公司、组织、城市、国家、自然系统和社会系统正在实现更透彻的感应和度量、更全面的互联互通，在此基础上获得更智能的洞察。
在IBM的理念中，“洞察”是智慧的体现---不是被动地应对，而是主动去预测。
关于这种“预测”，谷歌曾有过预测美国冬季流感传播的案例，通过观察人们在网上的搜索记录，可以预测到不仅是全美范围的传播，而且可以具体到特定的地区和州，其基础建立在对每天收到的来自全球超过30亿条的搜索指令的庞大数据的分析。
这也正是“大数据”的要义。
对许多人来说，这是个让人一头雾水的乌托邦式的概念。而对IBM来说，这是一个宏大的商业计划，不能让自己陷于经济危机的泥淖，同时巧妙利用各国政府的危机应对政策及后危机时代的转型战略，为自己开辟新的市场和增长点。而现在，这已经不仅仅是IBM的商业机会了，神州数码、中科曙光、华为等本土企业亦参与到了这一轰轰烈烈的进程中。
“智慧城市”在中国广受地方政府欢迎---高科技、新兴产业、节能环保、改善民生，贴着这些和谐的标签启动投资是再合适不过的。因此，我们的眼前就出现了各种城市智慧的碎片，除去开头所述的，还有太多太多。
这些碎片是缺乏顶层设计的表现。
中国的现实状况是，项目建设多头管理、多头推进。在国家层面，住建部推行的两批智慧城市试点已超过200个，科技部也在推行20个试点城市，同时，国家发改委正联合多部委建立智慧城市建设部际联席会议制度，启动10个领域智慧工程建设，组织100个城市开展试点示范；在地方，包括各地发改委、经信委或科技主管部门等，都在推动智慧城市建设的不同项目。
中国的智慧城市似乎还没有形成统一的标准和战略或者主题。关于这点，可对比新加坡2006年提出的智慧国2015计划(比IBM提出智慧地球要早，当然，含义也不尽相同)以及日本的i-Japan战略。以新加坡为例，由资讯通信发展管理局(IDA)全面统筹智慧城市战略(相当于整个国家的“首席信息官”)，并且明确资讯通信基础设施建设为基石，因此新加坡的资讯通信行业产业取得了突飞猛进的发展。
一个更具有未来感的智慧城市，应是一个不依赖于管理者、并不以管理者的意志为转移的高效运行的体系，这个城市的智慧已经不再是管理者的智慧，而是这个体系的智慧。
而一个智慧的城市，首先需要智慧地去建立。依靠单个的、支离破碎的小聪明式的“智慧应用”，并不能拼凑成一个智慧的城市，因为这个城市的血脉并未打通。而智慧城市更不能被看作一块等待瓜分的营养(资金支持)丰富的蛋糕。智慧城市真的不是一场拼图游戏。
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