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The author:(作者)左published in(发表于) 2013/11/13 7:10:43 China has become the ivory top destinations
Original title: cool hand Luke abnormal consumption of huge regulatory gaps
China became the top destination for ivory smuggling
IFAW Asia representative Marcia Grad says confusing market for illegal ivory processing and sales offers many convenient, making China the top destination for criminal gangs smuggling ivory. Illegally obtained ivory easily if they can be smuggled into China, "laundered"
Law weekend reporter Cai Yan hung
Like warm milk Huang Debi jade, low key but with the best in quality, prices of increasingly scarce and more expensive ... ... This is how many people's impression of ivory, but are hidden behind this beautiful ornament to modern wild elephant smuggling undercurrent of the ruthless killing and profiteering.
Reporters recently in Shishi, Quanzhou, Xiamen customs under the Customs offices confiscated goods warehouse, 11 tons of piled in ivory the Hill, some of that blood is still mottled. Not only Xiamen customs, and Taiyuan, Gongbei Customs officers have recently seized in connection with the alarming number of ivory smuggling case. Crazy behind ivory smuggling is the reflection of some abnormal consumption.
Two cases of smuggled ivory in connection with 12 tonnes
Wood, copper sand, cashew nuts ... ... Seemingly unrelated goods, including hidden is the same secret-ivory.
Chen, Putian, Fujian people, local arts and crafts, there is an approved ivory shop. Because of ivory products on the market so popular these days that of ivory in their stores sold out very soon. And he approved every year get ivory quota has been unable to match the quest for high profits. Chen and "new shortcut", attempting to gain more ivory smuggling.
Smuggling scheme in order to achieve a seamless, Chen adopted a "remote control", "goods abroad," "batch entry", "clips hidden smuggling" approach. In the immigration process, he used what some clearance companies to "customs" clip cover for hiding smuggled ivory from entering. Beginning of 2011 to August 2011, Chen Zhao from outside ivory shippers, who purchased a number of batches of ivory respectively clips hidden in the copper ore sand, cashew and other smuggled goods waiting in.
The early hours of August 31 that year, Shishi, Fujian, Xiamen customs officers caught in a spa in plot to smuggle suspect Chen, where clearance, and seized a number of clips hidden in the copper mines of ivory sands of 524 (root); October 7 Meanwhile captured overseas shippers Zhao.
Subsequently, the Xiamen customs of the gang was captured from the outside before possible tracking of containers contained smuggled ivory. Sure enough, September 13, have seized clips hidden in "cashews", "wet blue leather" of imported goods such as ivory, 1590 (above). Chen and a craft shop run by the seizure of ivory 31 (block).
So far, Xiamen customs have seized 2,154 Chen Gang smuggled ivory and products (root), equals 7.68 tons, worth some 378 million dollars. This was also seized in the country's largest case of ivory smuggling. Chen, Zhao was eventually sentenced to 15 years, some jailed for 7 years.
On November 8, 2012, the Xiamen customs again acquire intelligence, an ivory gang led by Liu Mou will be transportation, sale of smuggled ivory in the closed area. Well-planned, Xiamen customs Division Multiplex detection captured, in Jinjiang, freeway on-ramp to intercept two vehicles containing suspected of smuggling ivory van, the gang member arrested Liu in his home in Quanzhou. At the same time, Xiamen customs warehouse leased by the gang to be searched and found clips hidden in the wood of smuggled ivory in total of 4.2 tons, worth some 225 million dollars.
The investigation, can drool over huge profits of ivory smuggling, trafficking, Liu Mou, and Zhang (at large) beginning in April 2012, jointly funded $ 3 million bought 7 tons of ivory in Africa, and to purchase large quantities of wood for camouflage, hide in ivory. In order to confuse customs control sight, Willow some groups of the "wood" transfer to Malaysia then smuggled to China and sold by contacting buyers ivory batches transport sales.
At present, Liu gang smuggled ivory which has been transferred to prosecutors in investigation and prosecution.
Legal factory smuggled cat gets fed up with
In Zhongshan, Guangdong, a legitimate record of ivory products factory, as soon as I had from Africa to acquire international trade protection Convention explicitly banning the selling of smuggled ivory, ivory and its products in connection with 1.04 tons.
Go back 3 years ago, the end of 2010, Gongbei Customs anti-smuggling Bureau reported in the Zhongshan Tanzania continent, a hidden in two 5-story buildings and a production factory on suspicion of smuggling ivory. After consecutive months of trying to find out, its police to find out the storage and processing of the ivory. Across Taiwan, involving foreigners, from Africa through Malaysia, Hong Kong, Taiwan and other professional groups in the smuggling of ivory and ivory products to emerge.
Grasp the gang after pieces of ivory smuggled imported via Hong Kong, Gongbei Customs anti-smuggling Bureau decided to take the arrests, caught Yao Mou, Wu and other major those involved 9, ivory seized the original and related products amounted to 2,763 kg, 54 kg of mammoth teeth.
The investigation, Hong Kong people a particular original teeth of ivory hidden in Foshan metal recycling companies in the processing of the goods smuggled from Hong Kong, through transit, diverted, Wu transfer back to Zhongshan, the facts of the crime.
Another investigation team for the case on the highway source tracing of seized 169 kilograms of ivory products, eventually find out, false name of the seized ivory products from Taiwan after smuggled and diverted to Shenzhen, Wu Gang members pick up and smuggle them back to Zhongshan. After a week of carefully inventoried, identified the suspected smuggling of original tooth 868 kg of ivory, ivory products 169 kg.
Group through in-depth look, also picked up a container of the group information of the ivory had been shipped to Hong Kong. Group communications, immediately to the Hong Kong Customs. Hong Kong Customs and Excise Department at the Hong Kong terminal operators seized the containers 1898 kg of ivory seized the original teeth.
In August 2013, the Guangdong High Court judgement, Yao, Wu sentenced 14 and 12 years respectively.
Ivory smuggling Internet madness
Today, both the inland and the coast, under the lure of huge profits, ivory smuggling and omnipresent, simmering ivory smuggling activities via the Internet. Recently, the Taiyuan customs uncovered a case of networks smuggling ivory, ivory has been seized 72 kilograms of materials and products.
On September 11, 2013, Taiyuan customs Bureau received a clue, called by the Japan postal mail sent to one part of Shanxi China suspected in ivory materials. Identified by experts, mail suspected ivory materials as ivory.
Subsequently, the Taiyuan customs police on the message sender King Zhao, answer the sender to an initial touch into it and found Zhao Wang in Japan study abroad daughter. September 14, 2013, its police Zhao, Wang captured and mailing open packet inspection found ivory materials 15, for a total weight of 10 kg.
By check, Zhao a in Japan study during, through website in Japan purchased ivory, through QQ contact domestic buyers and the determines ivory number, and specifications, and price, domestic buyers through Taobao took Xia goods and paid Po paid payment, again to mailing way will ivory clip hid in books, and CD, goods in the concealed imports, ivory by its mother in domestic receives, and will ivory mailing to customer, constitute "Japan purchased cargo-QQ contact-paid Po paid-mailing clip hid-domestic mailing" of full smuggling chain, total involves national 16 a province ( City) 38.
Malformations induced by consumption of ivory smuggling is rampant
Reporters learned from the General Customs Administration, the current domestic endangered species smuggling cases in General is a growing trend. As of August this year, customs authorities investigate the smuggling of endangered species and their products this year criminal case 85, rose 9.6%, endangered species involved include ivory, pangolin, Antelope horns, bear's paw, etc.
Crazy refracted behind ivory smuggling is part of human abnormal consumption. Ivory was described as a "collection of white gold". According to the industry, prior to 1990, not more than 1 kg of ivory market price 1000 Yuan, now twenty thousand or thirty thousand Yuan 1 kg have been scrambled to the black market. Last more than 20 years, ivory prices twenty or thirty times times.
It is understood that the 1989 Convention on international trade in endangered species of wild fauna and Flora (CITES), the African elephant on Appendix I, international commercial ivory trade was completely ban. In September 2006 the implementation of import and export of endangered species of wild fauna and flora regulations, which cut off the ivory imported traditional channels. Ivory collapse in prices on the market. In recent years, as China's consumers to drum up money bags, as well as some abnormal consumption concept, rekindled demand for ivory. 2008 China approved by CITES once buying a 62 tons of ivory from four African countries raw materials, more stimulating market demand for ivory, and ivory was as an investment theme hype, ivory collection prices nearly doubling the speed increases each year.
According to the International Fund for animal welfare (IFAW for short) survey, only one year in 2011, rising raw material prices soared from 10,000 yuan per kilogram in ivory to 15,000 yuan to 20,000 yuan. And in China before the auctions of ivory from Africa, ivory prices per kg of raw materials on the market in 2006 and 4,500 to 6,000 yuan. Just a few years time, when the new legal ivory raw materials into China, over three or four times the price of raw materials in the market.
But high prices do not make market cooled. IFAW has carry out random checks on domestic ivory markets, found in the so-called illegal ivory markets under the cover of illegal sale of ivory is rampant. And this situation has not changed.
Ivory market regulatory loopholes
It is understood that the domestic ivory market management in China using the collection documents and franchise system, namely ivory-processing manufacturers must pass state qualification, each piece of marketing of products must be one-on-one with a collection card issued by the State forestry administration. "However, we found that the management mode is still a huge loophole. "IFAW investigators said.
IFAW was based on official lists of approved and selected at random, to Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Fuzhou 4 158 ivory processing and distribution points were visited and found illegal number of ivory distribution points be approved by government departments, nearly twice the number of dealerships and factories. At the same time, distribution and processing plant of the national approval, more than half of all the illegal phenomenon of illegal operations.
"For example, a processing plant in Guangzhou, has repeatedly been reported for making and selling illegal ivory. Currently, the sales had been made at the factory, yet in the manufacture and sale of illegal ivory in high profile products. Of course there are no sales of illicit businesses open to illegal sale of ivory, or even sell the collection card. "IFAW investigators said.
IFAW Asia representative Marcia Grad says: "the chaotic market for illegal ivory processing and sales offers many convenient, making China the top destination for criminal gangs smuggling ivory. As long as the smuggling into China illegally obtained ivory can easily ' laundered '. ”
Businesses driven by high profits, has spared no effort to publicize the sale of ivory products, even desperation, making and selling illegal ivory smuggling, sharp decline in total disregard for the elephants would bring incalculable damage to global biodiversity and their endangered status.
In early October, published IFAW pointed out the truth about secret trade in ivory, in 2012 alone in a year's time, there will be hundreds of thousands of African elephants died under bullets of poachers butcher. Poachers poisoned even within national parks to obtain ivory, in the past few weeks, Zimbabwe's largest national parks--national parks, there are 81 elephants have been stolen after cyanide poisoning in ivory. In March this year, less than a week's time, as 86 elephants were brutally killed, Republic of Chad, 33 or even the mother was pregnant. "Poachers use military strafed the entire elephant family, kill them, even just grow a little baby elephants were also cut off the face of the teeth, take the ivory. "Marcia Grad said.
Marcia Grad believes that this scale has never been one of China's wildlife trade and consumption "tradition" and "culture". It was poaching and smuggling wild animals, transport and trade in the entire chain of highly industrialized a monstrous evil today. Participation in business and consumer groups has never been one of ordinary people, but with "alternative" needs a few people.
In this regard, the expert said, against ivory smuggling cannot rely solely on customs, customs, industry and commerce, the forestry sector with each other, to create synergy. According to a survey of the IFAW, 70% Chinese do not know access involves killing the elephant in ivory, and 80% of the public, knows the truth, not consumer ivories.
(Edit: SN054)November 13, 2013 Law weekend(中国成为象牙走私首选目的地|象牙|走私|海关_新闻资讯
原题：喋血的畸形消费 巨大的监管漏洞
中国成为象牙走私首选目的地
IFAW亚洲区总代表葛芮表示：混乱的市场为非法象牙的加工销售提供了很多方便，使中国成为犯罪团伙走私象牙的首选目的地。非法获得的象牙只要能走私进入中国就可以很容易“洗白”
法治周末记者 蔡岩红
温润乳黄的璧玉，低调中却带着尊贵的气质，日渐稀少因此价格越发昂贵……这是多少人对象牙制品的印象，但这美丽饰品的背后却隐藏着对现代野生象群残忍无情的杀戮和唯利是图的走私暗流。
记者近日在厦门海关下属泉州海关石狮办事处的罚没物资仓库里，看到11吨被堆成小山的象牙，有的还残留着斑驳的血渍。不仅厦门海关，拱北海关和太原海关近期都查获了涉案数目惊人的象牙走私大案。疯狂的象牙走私背后折射的是部分人的畸形消费。
两起走私案涉案象牙12吨
木板、铜矿砂、腰果……看似毫无关联的货物，其中隐藏的却是同一个秘密——象牙。
陈某，福建莆田人，在当地某工艺美术城开有一家经批准的象牙制品店。由于象牙制品在市场上大受追捧，其店内的象牙工艺品很快便销售一空。而他每年经批准获得的象牙配额已不能满足其对高额利润的追求。陈某于是“另辟捷径”，企图通过走私获得更多的象牙。
为了将走私计划做到天衣无缝，陈某采取了“远程遥控”、“国外验货”、“分批入境”、“夹藏走私”的手法。在入境环节，他利用何某的通关公司，以“报关”为掩护夹藏走私象牙进境。2011年年初至2011年8月，陈某先后从境外的象牙货主赵某等人那里购买了多批次象牙，分别夹藏在铜矿砂、腰果等货物中伺机走私入境。
当年8月31日凌晨，厦门海关成功抓获在福建石狮某水疗馆密谋走私通关的犯罪嫌疑人陈某、何某，并查获一批夹藏在铜矿砂中的象牙524支(根)；10月7日又抓获同案境外货主赵某。
随后，厦门海关对该团伙被抓之前从境外发出可能载有走私象牙的集装箱进行跟踪。果然，9月13日至10月28日，陆续查获夹藏在“腰果”、“蓝湿牛皮”等进口货物中的象牙，共计1590根(段)。并在陈某经营的工艺店内查扣象牙31根(块)。
至此，厦门海关共查扣陈某团伙走私象牙及制品2154支(根、段)，合计7.68吨，价值人民币约3.78亿元。这也是全国海关查获的最大一起象牙走私案。陈某、赵某最终被判处有期徒刑15年，何某获刑7年。
2012年11月8日，厦门海关再度掌握情报，一个以柳某为首的走私象牙团伙将在关区内运输、销售走私象牙。经过周密计划，厦门海关兵分多路进行堵截抓捕，在晋江高速公路入口截获两辆载有涉嫌走私象牙货车，该团伙主要成员柳某在其泉州住所处落网。同时，厦门海关对该团伙租用的仓库进行搜查，发现夹藏于木板中的走私象牙共计4.2吨，价值人民币约2.25亿元。
经查，垂涎于象牙走私、贩卖的巨额利润，柳某、张某(在逃)自2012年4月起，联合出资300万美元在非洲购得7吨多象牙，并采购大量木板作伪装，将象牙藏匿其中。为了迷惑海关监管视线，柳某团伙还将该批“木板”转运至马来西亚再走私至中国，并由境内销售人员联系买家将象牙分批次运输销售。
目前，柳某团伙走私象牙案已移送检察机关审查起诉。
合法工厂的走私猫儿腻
在广东中山，一个合法备案的象牙制品工厂，却暗自从非洲收购国际贸易保护公约明文禁止收售的象牙走私入境，涉案象牙及其制品达1.04吨。
事情回溯到3年前，2010年末，拱北海关缉私局接到举报，在中山坦洲，一个隐藏在两栋5层小楼的某工艺制品厂涉嫌走私象牙。经过连续多个月的摸排，缉私警摸清了走私象牙的存储和加工情况。一个跨越两岸三地、涉及境外人员，从非洲经马来西亚、香港、台湾等地走私象牙及象牙制品的专业团伙浮出水面。
在掌握到该团伙有一批象牙即将经香港走私进境的情况后，拱北海关缉私局决定采取抓捕行动，共抓获姚某、吴某等主要涉案人员9人，缴获象牙原牙及制品共计2763公斤、猛犸牙54公斤。
经查，香港人庄某将象牙原牙藏匿在佛山某金属回收公司来料加工的货物中从香港走私入境，通过转关、中途转运，由吴某转运回中山的犯罪事实。
另一调查小组对于案件中在高速公路上查扣的169公斤象牙制品的来源追查，最终查清，该批象牙制品伪报品名由台湾走私入境并转运至深圳后，由团伙成员吴某提货并偷运回中山。经过一个星期的细致清点，确定了涉嫌走私的象牙原牙868公斤、象牙制品169公斤。
专案组通过深入查找，还截获了该团伙有一个货柜的象牙已经运抵香港的信息。专案组立即将该信息通报香港海关。香港海关在香港码头查扣该货柜，缴获象牙原牙1898公斤。
2013年8月，广东高院作出终审判决，姚某、吴某分别获刑14年、12年。
象牙走私 互联网也疯狂
如今，不管是内陆还是沿海，在巨额利润的诱惑下，象牙走私无孔不入，通过互联网进行的象牙走私活动暗流涌动。近日，太原海关查获一起网络走私象牙案，现已查获象牙材料及制品72公斤。
2013年9月11日，太原海关缉私局接到线索，称由日本寄往山西的一份中国邮政邮件内有疑似象牙材料。经专家鉴定，邮件内疑似象牙材料为象牙。
随后，太原海关缉私警对邮件寄件人赵某、接件人王某情况进行初步摸查，发现赵某系王某在日本留学的女儿。2013年9月14日，缉私警将赵某、王某抓获，并对邮件开包查验，发现象牙材料15包，共计重量10公斤。
经查，赵某在日本留学期间，通过网站在日本购买象牙，通过QQ联系国内买家及确定象牙数量、规格、价格，国内买家通过淘宝拍下货物并用支付宝支付货款，再以邮寄方式将象牙夹藏在书籍、光盘等货物中瞒报进口，象牙由其母亲在国内接收，并将象牙邮寄给客户，构成“日本购货—QQ联系—支付宝支付—邮寄夹藏—国内邮寄”的完整走私链条，共涉及全国16个省(市)38人。
畸形消费致象牙走私猖獗
记者从海关总署了解到，目前国内濒危物种走私案件总体上呈逐年增长的态势。截至今年8月份，海关缉私部门今年查处走私濒危物种及其制品刑事立案85起，同比上升了9.6%，涉及的濒危物种主要包括象牙、羚羊角、穿山甲、熊掌等。
疯狂的象牙走私背后折射的是部分人的畸形消费。象牙被称为是“收藏界的白色金子”。据业内人士介绍，1990年以前，1公斤的象牙市价不超过1000元，现在黑市1公斤已炒到了两三万元。近20多年来，象牙的价格涨了二三十倍。
据了解，1989年《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)将非洲象列入附录I，象牙的国际性商业贸易被彻底禁除。2006年9月《濒危野生动植物进出口管理条例》实施，该条例切断了象牙进口的传统渠道。市场上的象牙价格一度骤降。近年来，随着中国消费者钱袋鼓涨，以及一些人的畸形消费观念，重燃了对象牙的大量需求。加之2008年中国获CITES批准一次性从非洲四国购入62吨象牙原料，更加刺激了市场对象牙的追捧，象牙被作为投资题材炒作，象牙藏品价格也以每年接近翻番的速度暴涨。
据国际爱护动物基金会(简称IFAW)调查了解，仅在2011年一年间，象牙原料每公斤价格就从1万元上涨至1.5万元至2万元。而在中国从非洲拍卖象牙前，2006年市场上象牙原料的价格为每公斤4500至6000元人民币。短短的几年时间，在新的合法象牙原料进入中国后，市场的原料价格翻了三四倍。
然而高昂的价格并未使市场需求冷却。IFAW曾对国内象牙市场进行抽样调查，发现在所谓合法象牙市场掩护下的违法售卖象牙现象极为猖獗。而这种情况至今未有改观。
象牙市场监管存在漏洞
据了解，中国国内的象牙市场管理采用收藏证和特许经销的制度，即象牙加工销售商必须经过国家机关资格审核，每一件销售的制品也必须一对一配有国家林业局颁发的收藏证。“然而我们监测发现，这一管理模式还存在巨大的漏洞。”IFAW调研人员说。
IFAW曾依据官方公布的审批名单和随机选择，对北京、上海、广州和福州4个地区的158家象牙加工厂和经销点进行了走访，发现非法象牙经销点数量是获得政府部门审批的经销点和加工厂数量的近两倍。同时，国家审批的经销点及加工厂中半数以上也存在种种违规违法操作现象。
“例如广州一家加工厂，曾多次被举报制售非法象牙制品。而目前，该工厂已经取得销售资格，却仍在高调制造和销售非法象牙制品。当然还有很多没有销售资格的非法商家半公开地违法销售象牙，甚至是倒卖收藏证。”IFAW调研人员说。
IFAW亚洲区总代表葛芮表示：“混乱的市场为非法象牙的加工销售提供了很多方便，使中国成为犯罪团伙走私象牙的首选目的地。非法获得的象牙只要能走私进入中国就可以很容易‘洗白’。”
商家在高额利润的驱使下，不遗余力地宣传销售象牙制品，甚至铤而走险走私、制售非法象牙，完全无视大象剧减将给全球生物多样性带来的不可估量的损害及其濒危状况。
今年10月初，IFAW发布《揭秘象牙贸易真相》中指出，仅在2012年一年的时间里，就有数十万头非洲象惨死在盗猎者的枪弹屠刀之下。盗猎者甚至在国家公园内投毒以获取象牙，在过去的几周内，津巴布韦最大的国家公园——万基国家公园内，就有81头大象遭到氰化物毒杀后被盗走象牙。在今年3月不到一周的时间里，乍得共和国同样有86头大象惨遭猎杀，其中33头甚至是已经怀孕的母象。“盗猎者甚至用军用武器扫射整个大象家族，将它们赶尽杀绝，连刚长出一点小牙的幼象也被砍去脸部，取走象牙。”葛芮说。
葛芮认为，这样大规模的野生动物贸易和消费从来就不是中国的“传统”和“文化”。它是在野生动物遭到盗猎、走私、运输和买卖整个链条高度产业化的今天的一个畸形恶果。参与经营和消费的人群从来就不是普通百姓，而是有着“另类”需求的少数人。
对此，有专家表示，打击象牙走私不能仅依靠海关一家，应该海关、工商、林业等部门相互配合，形成合力。根据IFAW的一项调查，70%的中国人并不知道获得象牙需要杀死大象，而80%的公众表示，知道真相后，不会消费象牙制品。
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