Go homepage(回首页) Upload pictures (上传图片) Write articles (发文字帖)
The author:(作者)左published in(发表于) 2013/11/13 7:12:46 Expert analysis of comprehensive reform package difficulty： break the interest barrier
[Facilitator] dear all friends Hello, welcome you to Xinhua interview. Began 35 years ago in Communist China the third plenary session of the reform and opening up, has changed China, around the globe. 7 plenary session of reform over the next 35 years, and is a constant theme running through them. And because of that, China's political lexicon, "plenary session" has almost become synonymous with reform and opening up. 18 closing of the third plenary session in Beijing this afternoon, the Xinhua News Agency authorization to the plenary session Communique. Website for you invitation for netizens to two experts to interpret the spirit of the third plenary. Let me introduce, Song Shiming, a Professor of the Department of teaching and research of national school of administration, public administration, Central Party school Deputy Zhou tianyong, Director of the International Institute for strategic studies. [2013-11-12]
[Facilitator] 18 themes and seven times before the third plenum of the third plenary session of the topic what is the difference? [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] seven times since the third plenary session of the third plenary session, reform five times in seven times, twice on rural issues. 18 plenary session topics are particularly distinctive, comprehensive reform. Say it simply is five reform: the first is to deepen economic restructuring; the second is to deepen the reform of political system; and the third is to deepen cultural restructuring; the fourth is reform of social system; the last is to deepen the reform of ecological civilization. Difference so it is obvious. [2013-11-12]
[Facilitator] then why is there such a difference? This plenary session and assumed what is a special historical mission and meaning? [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] each time the plenary session carries a unique historical mission, I feel like it's unique historical mission is mainly reflected in two ways: one is 18 set by the third plenary session of comprehensive reform, that is, five reform actually provide institutional support for the construction of five and integration: economic, political, cultural and social development and the construction of ecological civilization. This is the first unique historical mission. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] second unique historical mission, I personally feel China's transition period cannot be infinitely long, and why is that then? Because China opening of total designers square gay in 80 early said have is clearly, said we China again had 30 years has the aspects of system more mature, and more parallel, so this plenary session determines has to 2020 in important area and key links of reform Shang to made decisive of results, formed system complete, and science specification, and run effective of system system, makes the aspects of system more mature, more stereotypes, this year is 2013, away from 2020 scarcely uttered seven years, time ranged people, So China's transition not be unlimited, but central to full deployment, system reform, so that all aspects of the system more mature, more amorphous. These are two unique historical mission. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] we think that this plenary session at the international and domestic backgrounds are great changes have taken place under the international trade investment patterns, for example, including politics, great changes have taken place, this is a. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] Secondly, US economic growth has also been impressive throughout the international, our growth to the world were affected. In addition, domestically, after more than a decade of reforms, we have arrived at a "deep waters", is hard to come by some aspects of the reform, some significant opposition, we need to have such a comprehensive, systematic reform programme, but there is also some breakthroughs, we adopted reforms to deal with complex domestic and foreign situations. |||| In particular to support the future of a medium-and long-term economic growth through reforms to claim a bonus, boost economic growth, I think it could be this and previous reforms is not the same place, is its historic mission. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] in addition, Comrade Xiaoping said 90 of the last century we may train on the system in just 30 years. By 2020, we might want to have a modern system, and modern country, so this one also said that our direction is to have a train system. [2013-11-12]
[Facilitator] put forward a comprehensive reform program will be the third plenary session to an in-depth reform. Communiqué we saw, where the highlights? Where is the breaking point? [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] I think first it is comprehensive, integrated and coordinated. Second is to pipe long-term. Within ten years, for example, or 2020 we is at least a seven-year reform programme. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] the third is the problem we encounter is more complex, more difficult, so you must have, as mentioned, and to have some breakthrough. What about difficulty? For example some resistance to reform, General Secretary and the Prime Minister have said in many occasions the interests of some barriers to break down, I think this is a difficult point. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] a second difficulty is that this also refers to a higher level of openness, and international institutional integration. For example, we have established free trade zone, Shanghai, what establishment? Our management are incompatible. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] a third difficulty is that people actually on the reform way of thinking, people's minds are not free, here I see Bulletin also nerve a little bit bigger, these areas also have a concept to keep up, but also to all the posters, Central decided to have a consensus. I think this is all we need to coordinate a number of difficulties. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] according to my preliminary studies, there are at least two bright spots. Biggest bright spot is strongly impressed on my memory for the full definition of the overall objective of deepening the reform. For example, the overall goal of comprehensive reform with two words: one is the perfection and development of the Socialist system with Chinese characteristics, we have achieved consensus. Key is the second sentence, and promote the modernization of national governance systems and governance capacity, don't know, netizens noticed, 18 plenary session is to promote the modernization of national governance systems and governance capacity. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] I think that the governance system is cooperative within the meaning of rule. Rule by State and society, adhere to the party's leadership, but the Socialist cause with Chinese characteristics is a cause of millions of people, the State and the community should rule together. Concentrating their efforts on State and society in eight words, is negotiated, is coordinating the second and the third is collaboration, four are together. So say about the overall goal of deepening the reform, and I think it's a breakthrough. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] second highlight is what? That's five-building and deepening reform in collaboration with five matching, which correspond to the five five-building, deepening the reform, construction of five economic development remains the Central, moves next to it did not happen, the five must play an economic reforms affecting role. So we kind of have to understand in order to fully implement the 18 the spirit of the third plenary session. [2013-11-12]
[Facilitator] economic system reform is the focus of comprehensive reform. Professor Zhou, in terms of economic reform, what are the crucial breakthrough? [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] a breakthrough this time, one of the State-owned economy made a "dynamic", this used to be there. Why this plenary session was by State-owned enterprises "alive"? Our relatively low efficiency of State-owned enterprises, "alive" is insufficient. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] the second is offered to stimulate the vitality and creativity of non-public sector of the economy, creativity, I think I was from abroad, as well as the situation of our country, a lot of innovation is the private economy, including technology research and development, to mobilize the energy and creativity. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] also proposed a system of property rights, a mixed economy, after which there may also be privately owned shares of the State-owned. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] to establish a unified market system, there's certainly some element of freedom of movement, freedom of choice, free consumption, equal exchange, and so on, I think this is a very important point is the establishment of the integrated urban and rural construction land market. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday Yong] this mention has a science of macro-control, we yiqian made science development, but science development must have has science of regulation, I wanted to this inside certainly is contains: a is to established a perfect of information statistics system; II is financial policy, and currency policy, and industry policy these to coordination; three is macro-control according to economic situation what when relax, and what when tightened, various policy how supporting, to has a science of design. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] to adapt to the new economic context of globalization, this external need to have a more open system, for example, relaxation of the input admittance, speed up the construction of free trade zones, expanded inland along the side open this series of measures. I think at this point, promoting greater levels of openness, both bringing in and going out, we had our multinational company, we have powerful enterprises to go out, but also to expand our foreign direct investment. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] the second is to establish a new international order, a new order is US FTA, which is unilateral free trade, bilateral free trade areas, using the free trade regime to further expand exports in the future upgrades, industrial division formation in China and the world, and more are our interests in the globalization. So I don't think on economic reform, overall one of the core is to deal with the relationship between Government and market, to enable the market to play a greater role. [2013-11-12]
[Facilitator] we'll see 18 communiqué of the third plenary session of the economic system reform is the focus of comprehensive reform, the core issue is to deal with the relationship between Government and market, which involves administrative system, so what do we think of communiqué on administrative system reform plan? [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] Honourable Professor in-depth summary deepen economic restructuring, deepening the economic core of the reform is to round the market mechanism into full play the decisive role in resource allocation. Administrative reform is the core elements of the political system. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] 18 plenary session pointed out that legal authority to uphold the Constitution, ensuring the right to exercise judicial power independently in accordance with law, prosecution, and perfect the system of judicial protection of human rights, which highlights 18 third plenary session on political reform, which is. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] administrative system reform has so few bright spots: the first is the effective governance. General objective is to advance the country's modernization of the system of governance and governance capacity. My experience is that effective transformation of government functions, and turn government functions to better safeguard social fairness and justice, to create a better environment for the development, and provide a higher quality of public services. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] in addition, 18 says very clearly that the third plenary session, innovation management, enhance the credibility of the Government and the Executive Force. Give me an example was particularly impressed, according to the administrative licensing law, approval authority belonged to various government ministries, people reflect the hard to get into the door, face ugly, this extremely difficult. Now our central offered to rely on the local government administrative services center, creating a more integrated service system, plain approval authority according to the law also belongs to the Department, but you run out of the Department of Executive, concentrated in the three-set, three ways to the city service center or call the administrative services center, isn't this innovative management style. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] I think power terms of statutory, legal, program legal, statutory responsibility is at the heart of China's administrative system reform task. Say 1000, 10,000, governance, I understand there are three spots, doing more clear, clear requirements on how to do, rely heavily on a new connotation. If during the academic terms, my feeling is China's Government governance slowly from traditional public administration to public administration. [2013-11-12]
[Moderator] Bulletin offered to improve the cultural management system, establish and improve the modern market system, building a modern public cultural service system, improve the level of cultural openness. In terms of cultural system, how are we going to see Bulletin deployment? [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] culture is one of the five major construction, deepen cultural restructuring is one of the five major reforms. According to my preliminary understanding, the cultural system and cultural construction, a particularity in China. Central deployment is to improve the cultural management system, establish and improve the cultural market system, building a modern public cultural service system, increase the level of cultural development. This was actually aimed at, is to build a Socialist cultural powerhouses. Culture in China has a dual nature, the first property is a property of ideologies, so we focus on culture construction of Socialist core value; the second property is the property of goods, handling well the relationship between. [2013-11-12]
[Moderator] the bulletin referred to in social reform, reform of social programs both energetic harmonious and orderly, how are we to understand 18 for the third plenary session of the deployment of it? [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] first, we must improve the social management system, the social management system must have a citizens ' participation. Developing and standardizing the development of social organization precisely the social construction of an infrastructure. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] second, should give full play to the role of social organizations in the public administration. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] third, the bulletin introduced a new formula is to sound public security system. That is the establishment of the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy, ensuring national security, I think it's all brand new. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] I think this will accelerate the reform of social programs, mainly people, Enterprise, education, income, employment, social security and all that live and work problems. This one is going to deepen the comprehensive reform of education, first is to reform the education system, such as universities, ratio of ordinary colleges and vocational colleges, according to the education law school, according to the needs of the community to nurture talent. I think fair education is a very important point. In addition, there must be institutional mechanism for promoting employment and entrepreneurship. Recent business system reform, including aspects such as registration, is to mobilize energy, to make the economic growth momentum. Reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution is what? The first was to protect low-income people can keep up; the second is the ability to adapt to our financial and economic development; another is efficient, the efficiency of income distribution must not be lost. Also proposed the establishment of a more equitable and sustainable social protection, pensions to be sustained, in need of protection can be guaranteed. [2013-11-12]
[Facilitator] plenary constructing ecology civilization, systems must be established a complete system of ecological civilization, using the system to protect the ecological environment. Website in the "ten questions about the reform of" these investigations, on air to be fresh when users are most concerned about the topic, how do you interpret this aspect of deploying it? [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] the plenary system must be established a complete system of ecological civilization, have the property rights system of natural resources and control over the purposes of delineating ecological red line, paid use and ecological compensation system and reform of the management system of eco-environmental protection. I think there are several levels, is the property of some of its resources to become more clear, and protected. Ecological protection of the red line is what? What is ecological protection zone, which is focused on containment area to draw a red line. Is also a resource to be paid for the use of water and land resources, and so on, there is a compensation mechanism. [2013-11-12]
[Sunday] ecological protection system reflects several meanings: first, in cadres appraisal mechanism, not GDP. Second is to have a strict legal system. Also there is the need to mobilize the enthusiasm of the community, people are going to monitor. Last one is taxes and market tax taxes are high, the introduction of environmental taxes, as it could have some modern market mechanisms such as carbon trading to set up. This system is a complete system of ecological civilization. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] reforming management system of ecological protection, it simply can be said to be multiple strategies simultaneously, there are two points of particular importance: first, the legislation must keep up with; the second is the Government's unified plan, integrated and coordinated. [2013-11-12]
[Song Shiming] I think our country for better environmental protection, in order to better improve the eco-environment protection management system, creation of a more perfect system of environmental urgency. Eco-environmental protection is a political issue, is a livelihood issue, is a matter of science. [2013-11-12]
[Facilitator] 18 closing of the third plenary session, China's comprehensive reform programme has entered a "implementation cycles". Thank you two interpretations, thank you netizens attention we Neil. [2013-11-12]
[主持人]各位网友大家好，欢迎您收看新华访谈。35年前发端于中共十一届三中全会的改革开放，改变了中国，影响了世界。此后35年间的7次三中全会改革，是贯穿其中的不变主题。也正因为如此，在中国的政治语汇中，“三中全会”几乎成为改革开放的代名词。十八届三中全会今天下午在北京闭幕了，新华社授权发布了全会公报。新华网为大家邀请到两位专家来为网友们解读三中全会精神。我来介绍一下，国家行政学院公共管理教研部教授宋世明，中央党校国际战略研究所副所长周天勇。 [ 2013-11-12 20:47:30 ]
[主持人]十八届三中全会的主题与前七次三中全会的主题有什么区别？ [ 2013-11-12 20:47:58 ]
[宋世明]十一届三中全会以来共有七次三中全会，七次中五次谈改革，两次谈农村问题。十八届三中全会的主题特别鲜明，全面深化改革。说得简单一点就是五个改革：第一个是深化经济体制改革；第二个是深化政治体制改革；第三个是深化文化体制改革；第四个是深化社会体制改革；最后一个是深化生态文明体制改革。所以说它的区别非常明显。 [ 2013-11-12 20:50:33 ]
[主持人]那为什么会有这样的区别？这届三中全会又承担着什么样特殊的历史使命和意义？ [ 2013-11-12 20:50:58 ]
[宋世明]每次三中全会都承担着独特的历史使命，我感觉它独特的历史使命主要体现在两个方面：一是十八届三中全会确定的全面改革，也就是五项改革实际上是为五个建设提供体制支撑，并且是一体化：经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设。这是第一个独特的历史使命。 [ 2013-11-12 20:52:30 ]
[宋世明]第二个独特的历史使命，我个人感觉中国的转型期不能无限地拉长，为什么这么说呢？因为中国改革开放的总设计师小平同志在80年代初说得很清楚，说我们中国再过30年有各方面的制度更加成熟、更加并行，所以这次三中全会确定了到2020年在重要领域和关键环节的改革上要取得决定性的成果，形成系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系，使各方面的制度更加成熟，更加定型，今年是2013年，离2020年满打满算七年多，时间不等人，所以中国的转型期不要无限制地拉长，中央进行全面部署、系统推进，使各方面的制度更加成熟，更加定型。这是两个独特的历史使命。 [ 2013-11-12 20:53:56 ]
[周天勇]我们觉得这次三中全会是在国际和国内的背景都发生了巨大的变化下召开的，国际上比如说国际贸易投资的格局，包括政治格局等方面都发生了非常大的变化，这是一。 [ 2013-11-12 20:55:26 ]
[周天勇]第二，我们的经济增长，在整个国际上也受到瞩目，我们的增长速度一下来世界都受到影响。另外，从国内来看，经过三十几年的改革，我们已经到了一个“深水区”，就是一些很难的改革、一些受到阻力很大的一些方面，我们需要有这么一个全面的、系统的改革方案，而且这里面还有一些重点突破性，使我们通过改革来应对国内国外复杂的局面。特别是要支撑未来一个中长期的经济增长速度，通过改革来得到红利，推动经济增长，我觉得这可能是这次改革和前几次改革不一样的地方，就是它的历史使命。 [ 2013-11-12 20:56:40 ]
[周天勇]另外，小平同志上世纪90年代说我们再过30年可能制度上就要定型。那么到2020年，我们可能要有一个现代的体制、现代的国家，所以这次也说我们努力的方向就是要有一个定型的制度。 [ 2013-11-12 20:57:35 ]
[主持人]这届三中全会提出了一个全面改革方案将改革全面地推向了深入。那么我们公报内容都看到了，亮点在哪里？突破点在哪里？ [ 2013-11-12 20:58:17 ]
[周天勇]我想第一它是全面、综合、协调。第二是要管长期。比如十年内，或者我们到2020年的话起码是一个七年内的改革方案。 [ 2013-11-12 20:59:37 ]
[周天勇]第三就是我们这次遇到的问题更加复杂、难度更大，所以必须得像刚才所说的那样，要有一些突破点。那么难点呢？比如说对改革的一些阻力，总书记和总理在很多场合都说了一些利益的藩篱要破除，我觉得这是一个难点。 [ 2013-11-12 21:00:33 ]
[周天勇]第二个难点就是这次也提到一个更高层次的开放，就要和国际的一些体制接轨。比如说我们建立的上海自贸区，到底怎么建立？我们过去的管理都不适应。 [ 2013-11-12 21:01:44 ]
[周天勇]第三个难点实际上就是人们对改革的思维方式，人们的思想是不是解放，这里我看公报里也提出胆子要大一些，这些方面也要有一个观念意识的跟上，也要对全会的公报、中央的决定要有一个共识。我觉得这都是我们需要协调的一些难点。 [ 2013-11-12 21:02:35 ]
[宋世明]根据我初步的学习来看，至少有两个亮点。最大的一个亮点使我难以忘怀的就是它对全面深化改革的总目标的界定。比如说，全面深化改革的总目标用了两句话：一是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，这个大家已经获得了共识。关键是第二句话，推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，不知道网民们注意到没有，十八届三中全会用的是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。 [ 2013-11-12 21:04:16 ]
[宋世明]我觉得这个治理体系就是指的协同共治。国家和社会协同共治，坚持党的领导，但是中国特色社会主义事业是亿万人民群众的事业，所以国家和社会应该协同共治。国家和社会要在八个字上下功夫，一是协商，二是协调，三是协作，四是协同。所以说关于深化改革的总目标，我觉得是一个突破。 [ 2013-11-12 21:06:08 ]
[宋世明]第二个亮点是什么呢？那就是五个建设和五项深化改革是协同配套的，五个建设分别对应于五项深化改革，五个建设当中经济建设依然是中心，它没有发生旁移，五项改革一定要发挥经济体制改革的牵动作用。所以我们一定要全面地理解才能全面贯彻落实好十八届三中全会精神。 [ 2013-11-12 21:07:04 ]
[主持人]经济体制改革是全面深化改革的重点。那么周教授，在经济体制改革这方面，有哪些关键性的突破？ [ 2013-11-12 21:09:32 ]
[周天勇]这次有所突破的，一个是对国有经济提出一个“活力”，这个以前是没有的。这次三中全会为什么对国有企业提出“活力”？就是我们国有企业效率比较低，“活力”不足。 [ 2013-11-12 21:11:40 ]
[周天勇]第二是这次提出要激发非公有制经济的活力和创造力，创造力我觉得就是从现在国外以及我们国家的情况来看，许多创新是民营经济进行的，包括技术研发，所以要调动这些活力和创造力。 [ 2013-11-12 21:12:26 ]
[周天勇]另外又提出了一个产权保护制度，混合所有制经济，也就是以后国有的里面可能也有民营的股份。 [ 2013-11-12 21:13:36 ]
[周天勇]建设统一的市场体系，这里面当然有一些要素自由流动，自由选择、自由消费、平等交换等等，我觉得这次提出的一个非常重要的一点就是建立城乡统一的建设用地市场。 [ 2013-11-12 21:14:43 ]
[周天勇]这次提了一个科学的宏观调控，我们以前提出科学发展，但是科学发展必须得有科学的调控，我想这里面肯定是包含：一是要建立一个完善的信息统计体系；二是财政政策、货币政策、产业政策这些要协调；三是宏观调控按照经济形势什么时候放松、什么时候收紧，各种政策怎么配套，要有一个科学的设计。 [ 2013-11-12 21:16:58 ]
[周天勇]适应全球化新的经济形势，这次提出对外要有一个更加开放的体系，比如说放宽投入准入，加快自贸区建设，扩大内陆沿边开放这一系列的措施。我想从现在来看，促进更高层次的开放，既要引进来，又要走出去，我们要有我们的跨国公司，我们有实力的企业要走出去，同时也要扩大我们的对外直接投资。 [ 2013-11-12 21:19:07 ]
[周天勇]第二个就是要建立一个新的国际贸易秩序，新的秩序就是我们自己的自贸区，也就是单边自由贸易区，双边自由贸易区，利用自贸区体制进一步扩大未来的出口产品升级，形成中国和世界的产业分工，更多地在全球化中得到我们的利益。所以我觉得就经济体制改革方面，总体下来的一个核心就是要处理好政府与市场的关系，要使市场发挥更大的作用。 [ 2013-11-12 21:20:37 ]
[主持人]我们再看十八届三中全会公报当中，经济体制改革是全面深化改革的重点，核心问题是处理好政府与市场的关系，这就涉及到行政体制改革，那么我们该怎么看待公报当中对行政体制改革的部署？ [ 2013-11-12 21:21:22 ]
[宋世明]刚才周教授系统深入地阐述了深化经济体制改革，深化经济体制改革的核心就是要围绕充分发挥市场机制在资源配置当中的决定性作用。行政体制改革是政治体制改革的核心内容。 [ 2013-11-12 21:22:50 ]
[宋世明]十八届三中全会指出要维护宪法法律权威，确保依法独立行使审判权、检察权，完善人权司法保障制度，这是十八届三中全会关于政治体制改革当中的亮点。 [ 2013-11-12 21:25:08 ]
[宋世明]行政体制改革有这么几个亮点：第一是有效的政府治理。总目标是推进国家治理体系和治理能力的现代化。我的体会是，切实转变政府职能，把政府职能转向更好地维护社会的公平正义，创造更好的发展环境，提供更加优质的公共服务。 [ 2013-11-12 21:27:44 ]
[宋世明]另外，十八届三中全会说得非常清楚，创新行政管理方式，增强政府的公信力和执行力。有一个例子给我的印象特别深刻，根据行政许可法，审批权是属于各个政府部门的，老百姓就反映什么门难进、脸难看，这个难那个难千难万难。现在我们中央提出要依托于各个地方政府的政务服务中心，打造更加综合的服务体系，说白了审批权根据法律还是属于部门的，但是你行政权的运行要脱离部门，按照三集中、三到位的方式集中到政务服务中心或叫行政服务中心，这不就创新行政管理方式吗。 [ 2013-11-12 21:30:18 ]
[宋世明]我觉得，权力的职权法定、行为法定、程序法定、责任法定是中国行政体制改革的核心任务。说一千道一万，政府治理我初步理解有这么三个亮点，在做什么上更加清楚，在如何做上提出了明确的要求，落脚点有新内涵。如果说在学术上讲，给我的感觉是中国的政府治理慢慢地在从传统的公共行政迈向公共管理。 [ 2013-11-12 21:31:26 ]
[主持人]公报提出要完善文化管理体制，建立健全现代文化市场体系，构建现代公共文化服务体系，提高文化开放水平。那么在文化体制改革方面，我们怎么来看公报的部署？ [ 2013-11-12 21:31:58 ]
[宋世明]文化建设是五大建设之一，深化文化体制改革是五大改革之一。根据我的初步理解，这个文化体制改革和文化建设，在中国具有特殊性。中央的部署是要完善文化管理体制，建立健全文化市场体系，构建现代公共文化服务体系，提高文化开发的水平。这实际上是着眼点了，是要建设社会主义的文化强国。文化在中国具有双重属性，第一重属性是具有意识形态的属性，所以说我们要紧紧围绕建设社会主义核心价值进行文化建设；第二个属性就是它商品的属性，要处理好两者的关系。 [ 2013-11-12 21:35:08 ]
[主持人]公报在社会事业改革方面提到，社会事业改革既要充满活力又要和谐有序，我们怎么样去理解十八届三中全会作的这个部署呢？ [ 2013-11-12 21:36:17 ]
[宋世明]第一，我们必须完善社会管理体制，这个社会管理体制必须有公民参与。社会组织的培育和规范发展恰恰是社会建设的一个基础设施。 [ 2013-11-12 21:39:07 ]
[宋世明]第二，要充分发挥社会组织在公共管理当中的作用。 [ 2013-11-12 21:40:25 ]
[宋世明]第三，公报提出了一个新的提法就是要健全公共安全体系。那就是设立国家安全委员会，完善国家安全体制和国家安全战略，确保国家安全，我觉得这是全新的。 [ 2013-11-12 21:41:14 ]
[周天勇]我觉得这次加快社会事业的改革，主要就是老百姓的教育、收入、就业、创业、社会保障等等这些安居乐业的问题。这次提出一个是要深化教育的综合改革，首先就是要改革教育的一些体制，比如高等院校、普通院校和职业院校的比例问题，要按照教育的规律办学，要按照社会的需要去培养人才。我觉得教育公平是很重要的一点。另外，要有促进就业和创业的体制机制。最近工商体制的改革，包括注册登记等方面，就是要调动活力，要使经济增长有动力。合理有序的收入分配格局是什么呢？第一，就是要使低收入的人能保的保起来；第二是要适应我们的财力和经济发展能力；再一个就是要有效率，这种收入分配格局不能丧失效率。另外也提出建立更加公平和可持续的社会保障，养老金得以持续，需要保障的能够得到保障。 [ 2013-11-12 21:45:50 ]
[主持人]全会提出建设生态文明必须建立系统完整的生态文明制度体系，用制度保护生态环境。新华网在“改革十问”的调查当中，关于空气什么时候能变得清新也是网友最关心的话题之一，怎么解读这方面的部署呢？ [ 2013-11-12 21:46:55 ]
[周天勇]全会提出必须建立系统完整的生态文明制度体系，要有自然资源和产权制度用途管制，划定生态红线，有偿使用和生态补偿制度以及改革生态环境的保护管理体制。我想有这么几个层面，一是把一些资源的产权变得更加清晰，并且保护起来。生态保护红线是什么呢？比如哪些是生态保护区，哪些是重点防护区都要划出红线来。还有一个就是资源要有偿使用，比如说水资源、土地资源等等，要有一个补偿机制。 [ 2013-11-12 21:49:22 ]
[周天勇]生态保护管理体制体现了这么几个意思：首先，在干部考核机制上，不能GDP为重了。其次就是要有严格的法律制度。还有一个就是要调动社会的积极性，老百姓要去监督。最后一个就是税收和市场，税收就是一些排放高的要征税，要征环境税，另外比如可以有一些碳交易等现代市场机制要建立起来。这就是系统完整的生态文明体系。 [ 2013-11-12 21:53:04 ]
[宋世明]改革生态保护管理体制，简单地说可以说是多策并举，有两个点特别重要：第一是立法必须跟上；第二是政府要统一部署，综合协调。 [ 2013-11-12 21:55:45 ]
[宋世明]我觉得我们国家为了更好地进行生态环境保护，为了更好地完善生态环境保护管理体制，建立更加完善的大环保体制刻不容缓。生态环境保护是一个政治问题，是一个民生问题，是一个科学问题。 [ 2013-11-12 21:57:30 ]
[主持人]十八届三中全会闭幕了，中国的全面改革方案进入了“落实周期”。非常感谢两位嘉宾的解读，也感谢网友的关注，我们下次节目再见。 [ 2013-11-12 21:58:49 ]
赞