Go homepage(回首页)
Upload pictures (上传图片)
Write articles (发文字帖)

The author:(作者)左
published in(发表于) 2013/11/13 7:15:40
Experts： Government reform focuses on adjustment and optimization of power structure

Market role from "basic" to "the decision"

The Prince about Wang Ling

　　Abstract: economic reform is the focus of comprehensive reform, the core issue is to deal with the relationship between Government and market, the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources, and give better play to the role of Government.

Central deepen reform leading group was set up, responsible for the overall design, integrated and coordinated reform, promoting overall development, supervise the implementation. The leadership of party committees at all levels to ensure the implementation of the reform.

　Mr. Chi Fulin (China (Hainan) reform and Development Research Institute):

There is a tendency in recent years, the miracle of China's economic growth for more than 30 years, which is Government-led, as China's State-led model of elements, or even equivalent to the Chinese model, I think such an analysis is worth talking about. In fact, it's the market-oriented reforms that formed an institutional base for 35 years of rapid growth, it took China's economic vitality and effectiveness. So judging from the reality of the situation, equivalent to the Chinese Government-led pattern, I am concerned that is likely to mislead the reform, delay reforms.

Changed the way the Government-led growth of the core is to properly handle the relationship between Government and market. Governments cannot substitute market, no other tool can replace the status of market mechanisms in the system on the basis of growth. Current problems there are many contradictions in the economic field, including lands, resources and environment issues, the gap, I should say, and the leading role of the Government in the economic growth mode has direct or indirect links. Government intervention in some areas in recent years has expanded, I think expansion is considerable demand, but beyond a reasonable level. My point is to emphasize that full play to the basic role of the market in the allocation of resources, in the economic sphere of life is to adhere to market-oriented, based on playing the role of Government, rather than in the role of Government to play a market-driven basis.

Next, focus of the Reformation adjustment and optimization of the power structure of the Government, providing organizational guarantee for function change. I'm restructuring administrative powers summed up in six words: "decentralization, separation of powers, limited powers."

First of all to increase the market and social vitality Government decentralization. Settlement Government and market relationship, key is Government to market decentralization, significantly cuts administrative approval right, in more big degree and more wide range played market in resources configuration in the of based sexual role; settlement Government and social relations, key also is Government to social decentralization, in inspired social vitality of based Shang innovation social management, thereby makes traditional of administrative tube controlled gradually steering social of public governance.

Secondly, the goal valid restriction and coordination is to achieve the Government's decentralization. According to 18 reports "to enable decision-making power, Executive power, to oversee both restraint and mutual coordination" requirements, established within the framework of the Executive power system, to ensure that the national authorities in accordance with statutory authority and procedures for the exercise of power. This involves social power structure adjustment and optimization. A few years ago, most of the system reform in China took a step forward, but in terms of structure optimization adjustment of power has yet to be a major breakthrough. I would suggest that as soon as possible into concrete programmes, pushed a ripe one. In this way, conducive to change too much concentration of power helps prevent alienation and abuse of power, to the attainment of important breakthrough in the transformation of government functions.

At the same time, targeting the power to run an open and transparent Government of limited powers. Power operation transparency, standardization, legalization, effectively constraints the Government's own interests. Thus, realization of power constraints of power and social oversight powers combined.

Should break the competitive model as a breakthrough in reforms of local government. Outstanding performance for competitive Government-led economic growth model of local government, that is, economy-oriented and local fiscal revenue growth and cadres in order to curb incentives, Government-led and local Government's competition for prominent features. Do not change the competitive local governments, economic restructuring to major breakthroughs.

Guan Qingyou (Minsheng securities Vice President):

Bulletin one of the highlights is that at the time of the relationship between Government and market, the role of the market from the previous "basic" upgrade "decisive", which reflects the high level of structural adjustment was determined to once again.

Looking back at the history of China's economic reforms, can be said to continue to explore the history of market and Government. XI session third plenary clear made, to by economic law do, attention law of role; 12 big made, to to planned mainly, market adjust supplemented, right divided mandatory plans, and guidance plan and market adjust individual of range and boundaries; 14 big clear made, to makes market in socialist country macro-control Xia, to resources configuration up based sex role; 18 big clear made, from promoting social fair of angle, ensure various ownership economic equal development, further deepening to 16 big made of two "Unwavering" awareness.

Recently, our understanding of this relationship with new to market decentralization, delegation of authority to the community; decentralization to the market, to emphasize the decisive role of the market. The 18 session of the plenary on the market "decisive" status of a more prominent status in the market. At the same time, Communique also stressed the need to strengthen the Government's macro-control ability, playing the role of Government.

Seen from the plenary session Communique, Central reform made a determination, a full-scale deployment, reform efforts will pick up the next great future reforms can be more optimistic. This year's plenary session from the past period of Deng Xiao-ping's "guts," the transition to a "steady pace". Reform is to develop, we will be combining top design and touch the stones to cross the river.

17 plenary meeting of the party's "more emphasis on top design the reform." In the top-tier design also has a larger action, namely Central set up comprehensive reform leading group responsible for overall design of reform. Set to deepen the reform means that the economic policies of the leading group decision-making centralized, we are sure about this General.

In addition, the reform is not looking forward to is too high, if expectations are too high, but detrimental to development. Specific reform measures to the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decision can only be determined after the release. Reform should be looking forward to have the patience of the community, such as agricultural land market, when in what manner requires time.

　　市场作用从“基础”到“决定”

　　王子约 王羚

　　摘要：经济体制改革是全面深化改革的重点，核心问题是处理好政府和市场的关系，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用。

　　中央成立全面深化改革领导小组，负责改革总体设计、统筹协调、整体推进、督促落实。各级党委要切实履行对改革的领导责任。

　　迟福林(中国(海南)改革发展研究院院长)：

　　最近几年有一种倾向，把中国30多年经济增长的奇迹归政府主导，把政府主导作为中国模式的要件，甚至等同于中国模式，我想这样一个分析很值得讨论。事实上，正是市场化改革才形成了35年高速增长的体制基础，才形成了中国经济活力和效力。所以从现实的情况来看，把政府主导等同于中国模式，我担心有可能误导改革、耽误改革。

　　改变政府主导型增长方式的核心是正确处理政府与市场之间的关系。政府不能替代市场，任何其他工具都不能取代市场机制在增长体系里的基础地位。当前经济领域存在许多矛盾的问题，比如土地问题、资源环境问题、贫富差距问题，应该说与经济增长方式中的政府主导有着直接或者间接的联系。最近几年政府的干预在某些方面有所扩大，我认为扩大是一定的需求，但超出了某些合理的程度。我的观点是强调充分发挥市场在资源配置中的基础作用，就是要在经济生活领域坚持市场主导基础上发挥政府的作用，而不是在政府主导的基础上去发挥市场的作用。

　　下一步政府改革重在调整优化权力结构，为职能转变提供组织保障。我把行政权力结构调整概括为六个字：“放权、分权、限权”。

　　首先以增强市场和社会活力为目标实现政府放权。解决政府与市场关系，关键是政府向市场放权，大幅度削减行政审批权，在更大程度和更广范围发挥市场在资源配置中的基础性作用；解决政府与社会关系，关键也在于政府向社会放权，在激发社会活力的基础上创新社会管理，从而使传统的行政管控逐步转向社会的公共治理。

　　其次，以权力有效制约和协调为目标实现政府分权。按照十八大报告“要确使决策权、执行权、监督权既相互制约又相互协调”的要求，建立行政范围内的分权体制，以确保国家机关按照法定权限和程序行使权力。这涉及社会权力结构的调整优化。前几年，我国的大部制改革往前走了一步，但在权力结构优化调整方面尚未取得重大突破。我建议尽快形成具体方案，成熟一个推一个。这样，有利于改变权力过于集中，有利于防止权力异化和滥用，有利于实现政府职能转变的重要突破。

　　同时，以权力运行公开透明为目标实现政府限权。实现权力运行的公开化、规范化、法定化，有效约束政府自身利益。由此，实现以权力约束权力和以社会监督权力的结合。

　　应该把打破竞争性地方政府模式作为改革突破口。政府主导的经济增长方式突出表现为竞争性地方政府模式，即以经济总量为导向、以地方财政收入增长和干部考核为约束激励机制、以政府主导和地方政府间竞争为突出特点。不改变竞争性地方政府，经济转型难以取得重大突破。

　　管清友(民生证券研究院副院长)：

　　公报亮点之一在于，在谈到政府和市场关系的时候，市场的作用从过去提出的“基础性”升级成为“决定性”，这再一次体现了高层调整结构的决心。

　　回顾中国的经济改革历史，可以说是不断探索市场和政府关系的历史。十一届三中全会明确提出，要按经济规律办事，重视价值规律的作用；十二大提出，要以计划经济为主，市场调节为辅，正确划分指令性计划、指导性计划和市场调节各自的范围和界限；十四大明确提出，要使市场在社会主义国家宏观调控下，对资源配置起基础性作用；十八大明确提出，从促进社会公平的角度，确保各种所有制经济平等发展，进一步深化对十六大提出的两个“毫不动摇”的认识。

　　最近，我们对这一关系有了新的认识，向市场放权，向社会放权；向市场放权，要突出市场的决定性作用。此次十八届三中全会对市场“决定性”地位的界定更加突出了市场的地位。同时，公报还强调要加强政府宏观调控的能力，发挥政府的作用。

　　从三中全会公报看，中央在改革方面下了很大决心，作了全面性的部署，下一步改革的步伐力度将很大，未来对改革可比较乐观。本届三中全会从过去邓小平时期的“胆子要大，步子要快”过渡到“步子要稳”。改革是为了发展，我们未来将采取顶层设计与摸着石子过河相结合方式。

　　党的十七届五中全会提出的“更加重视改革顶层设计”。这次在顶层设计方面也有较大动作，即中央成立全面深化改革领导小组负责改革总体设计。设置深化改革领导小组意味着经济方面的大政方针决策权收归中央，我们对这一点总体是肯定的。

　　此外，对改革不可期待过高，如果期待过高，反而对发展不利。具体改革措施要等《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》发布后才能确定。社会各界应该对改革期待有耐心，如农地入市，什么时候以什么方式推进都需要时机。

赞