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published in(发表于) 2013/11/13 7:22:04
Market-oriented reform objective： clarify the functions of removing inappropriate control

　Let the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources

A 4-day CPC 18 closing plenary session yesterday in Beijing, considered by the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decision. Spoke highly of the third plenary session of the meeting convened 35 years of successful practice of reform and opening up and great achievements study on comprehensively deepening reform, a number of important issues. Meeting stressed that to deepen reforms on a new historical starting point.

Deepen reform, that is, on both the breadth and depth of reform issue. Judging from the plenary session Communique, need to push reform of the industry in the future reform is a daunting task. This one, is to deepen reform of economic system reform, the core issue is to deal with the relationship between Government and market, the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources, and give better play to the role of Government.

Make market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources, and give better play to the role of Government, is a new formulation, is also a major theoretical perspectives in this plenary. This formulation suggests that policymakers around the understanding of the relationship between Government and the market continues to deepen, also in the area of economic system to promote a better understanding of market-oriented reforms.

Recalls the Chinese Communists held the third plenary session of the 35-year history to reform, for the understanding of the relationship between Government and the market, really going through a process of. In the communiqué issued by the third plenary session, do not see the word market. The statement was made by the Government will lead to decentralize, "let the local and industrial enterprises in the country for reunification under the guidance of greater management autonomy" and that "should be firmly implemented according to the rules of economy, emphasis on the role of value, combining attention to ideological and political work and economic instruments." Though is a major breakthrough in breaking the restricted area, but through these distinctive historical features of full presentation allows you to see the era of cognition.

In 1993, 14 is another important point in the third plenary session of the third meeting, the plenary and adopted the decision of the CPC Central Committee on some problems of establishing a socialist market economic system. The decision for "market" awareness has changed significantly. The meeting considered that after 15 years of reform, market rapidly expanded role in the allocation of resources, and the establishment of a socialist market economic system, is to make the market play an essential role in the allocation of resources under the national macro-control. "An essential role" the words, into a central file from here.

From 14 to 18 the third plenary session of the third plenary session, Flash is for 20 years. In 20 years, China's socialist market economic system has been improved, and constantly deepening awareness of the relation between Government and market. When 18 Bulletin of the third plenary session to "decisive" summed up the role of the market in the allocation of resources, one of great theoretical significance is beyond doubt.

Economic reform is the focus of comprehensive reform in the future and would like to have a new breakthroughs in economic restructuring must be decisive and strengthening markets in terms of resource allocation, and give better play to the role of Government. After all, the functions of Government need to be further clarified, government hands cannot reach, this is the place to be for, not executions cannot. Despite the emphasis on the fundamental role of the market in the past, but in practice, governments distort resource allocation by the hand of the situation is more common. At the same time, through market-oriented reforms, were actually realized by the decisive role of the market.

The relationship between Government and market, should have the necessary balance. Emphasize the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources, should not be overlooked "market failure" scenario, but the key issue is that excessive government intervention will stifle the economic viability and social innovation--so that's an important objective of the reform was to decentralization, deregulation of the market, and further clarify the functioning, improper removal of controls.

Future market-oriented reforms in the economic sphere is required in land systems, financial, fiscal and taxation systems, as well as the State-owned enterprise reform, and many continued to punch, breaking down institutional barriers impeding market development. Economic reform is not thorough, is not in place, that played a decisive role in the allocation of resources in the market is still only an ideal. Of course, such market-oriented reforms also needs a more clear legal environment for escorts.

From 1978 to 1993 to 2013 road, at successive stages of market economy in China. Let the market play a decisive role in the allocation of resources and better use of Government function--the major theoretical perspectives introduced will be left important marks in the history of contemporary China's reform will also help to push from middle-income countries to high-income countries, historical journey.

　　让市场在资源配置中起决定性作用

　　为期4天的中共十八届三中全会昨天在京闭幕，审议通过《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》。这次会议高度评价了十一届三中全会召开35年来改革开放的成功实践和伟大成就，研究了全面深化改革若干重大问题。会议强调，要在新的历史起点上全面深化改革。

　　全面深化改革，即是要在改革的广度与深度上同时做文章。从全会的公报来看，未来需要推进的改革领域众多，改革任务相当艰巨。这其中，经济体制改革是全面深化改革的重点，核心问题则是处理好政府和市场的关系，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用。

　　使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用，是一个崭新的提法，也是此次全会提出的一个重大理论观点。这个提法表明，决策层围绕政府与市场关系的认识在继续加深，也会在经济体制领域推动更深入的市场化改革。

　　回顾中共十一届三中全会召开35年来的改革历史，对于政府与市场关系的认识，确实经历了一个摸索的过程。在十一届三中全会所发的公报中，看不到市场二字。该公报提出的是要领导下放权力，“让地方和工农业企业在国家统一计划的指导下有更多的经营管理自主权”，“应该坚决实行按经济规律办事，重视价值规律的作用，注意把思想政治工作和经济手段结合起来”。虽已是冲破禁区的重大突破，但透过这些充满鲜明历史特色的表述，可以看出当时的时代认知。

　　1993年召开的十四届三中全会是又一次具有重要意义的三中会议，此次全会审议并通过了《中共中央关于建立社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定》。这个《决定》对于“市场”的认识，有了明显的变化。此次会议认为，经过15年改革，市场在资源配置中的作用迅速扩大，而建立社会主义市场经济体制，就是要使市场在国家宏观调控下对资源配置起基础性作用。“基础性作用”这几个字，由此进入了中央文件当中。

　　从十四届三中全会到十八届三中全会，一晃又是20年。20年来，中国的社会主义市场经济体制不断得到完善，对政府与市场关系的认识也不断得到深化。当十八届三中全会的公报以“决定性”来概括市场在资源配置中所起的作用，其中的重大理论意义毋庸置疑。

　　经济体制改革是未来全面深化改革的重点，而想要在经济体制改革方面有新的突破，必须强化市场在资源配置方面的决定性，同时更好发挥政府作用。说到底，政府的职能需要进一步厘清，政府之手不能乱伸，该为之处须为，不该为之处决不能乱为。过去尽管强调市场的基础性作用，但在实践当中，政府之手扭曲资源配置的情形却也较为常见。同时，通过市场化改革，让市场的决定性作用真正得以实现。

　　政府与市场的关系，应有必要的平衡。强调使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用，并非刻意忽视“市场失灵”的情形，但当下的关键问题在于，过度的政府干预会扼杀经济活力和社会创新的能力——正因此，改革的重要目标，就是要简政放权，为市场松绑，进一步厘清政府职能，去除不当的管制。

　　未来经济领域的市场化改革，则需要在土地制度、金融、财税体制，以及国企改革等多个方面继续发力，打破阻碍市场发展的制度藩篱。经济体制改革不彻底、不到位，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用就仍然只是一种理想。当然，这样的市场化改革也需要一个更为清明的法治环境来护航。

　　从1978年到1993年再到2013年，中国的市场经济之路在不断演进。让市场在资源配置中起决定性作用，同时更好地发挥政府作用——这个重大理论观点的推出，必会在当代中国改革历史上留下重要的印记，也将助推中国从中等收入国家迈向高收入国家的历史征程。

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