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The author:(作者)左published in(发表于) 2013/11/13 7:23:51 Plenary meeting communiqué： towards cadres impartiality of clean government and politics
"Bulletin" extracts
Building the rule of law in China, must deepen judicial reform, accelerate the construction of fair and efficient and authoritative Socialist judicial system, safeguard the people's interests. To uphold the constitutional authority of the law, deepening reform of administrative law enforcement, prosecutorial power to ensure independent and impartial judicial power should be exercised according to law, sound judicial power operating mechanism, improve the system of judicial protection of human rights.
Adhere to the system the right to charge people, people power, for power to run in the Sun, is fundamental to the system of putting power in the cages-decisions. Must build stronger powers of decision sciences, performing strongly, operating system, a sound punishment and prevention system against corruption and build clean government, and strive to achieve impartiality of cadres, government corruption, politics. To form a scientific and effective coordination of power restriction and mechanisms, strengthen anti-corruption institutional innovation of mechanism and system protection, sound and improved style of normalized system.
Adapt to the new situation of economic globalization, it must promote mutual promotion, bringing in and going out on the opening to better integrate, promote free movement of international and domestic factors, orderly, efficient allocation of resources, depth of market integration, accelerating the speed of cultivating new competitive advantages for participating in and leading international economic cooperation, to open for reform. To broaden the investment access, speed up the construction of the free trade area, expanding inland along the boundary.
Judicial reform
Improve the judicial guarantee for human rights system
Constitution and administrative law research center of Peking University Zhang qianfan, Deputy Director: currently, one major flaw of judicial system in China is, district courts lack independence, judge highly vulnerable to undue interference. Article 126th of the Constitution: "the people's Court according to law exercise judicial power independently, free from interference by any administrative organ, public organization or individual", but this provision has not been fully implemented in the judicial practice. Court personnel, finance, powers are not separate cases, judicial intervention couldn't resist the local party and Government departments. At the same time, internal accountability, the Judicial Committee of the President of the court system, while on the one hand contribute to the supervision of the management and evaluation system case, but also affect the independence of judges exercise their functions.
18 plenary session made "in accordance with law, the right to an independent and impartial exercise adjudicative and procuratorial, sound operation mechanism of judicial power" is very necessary. Enhance judicial credibility, party organizations at all levels should consciously take the initiative to avoid interference, otherwise easily cause in judicial practice contrary to law and policy. At the same time, judicial authorities should strengthen the vertical management, where court personnel reduction and financially dependent, to curb local protectionism, system of independent adjudication according to law and create a good environment for the Court.
National School of administration, Mr. Wang yukai, Professor: communiqué referred to the Court, independent, impartial judicial power should be exercised according to law are important for building China into a country ruled by law, and far-reaching strategic significance to the long-term peace and stability in our country.
Renmin University law school Associate Professor Li Fenfei: judicial guarantee of human rights generally refers primarily to State compensation, as well as matters relating to judicial remedies in a criminal case. It's been two years, a series of wronged and misjudged cases corrected, judicial guarantee for human rights gained national attention. In fact, in recent years, China has been progressively increasing the amount of State compensation. Plenary session referred to the work description of national judicial request more human. The Beijing News reporter Xing Shiwei
Combat corruption
Persist in using the system the right to charge people
China's surveillance society Executive Director, clean and education and Director of the Center for Aeronautics and Astronautics ren JianMing: Bulletin on a sound system of punishing and preventing corruption in the above statement, the vast majority have mentioned before, some show up on 17, 18 reported in; others appeared in the Bulletin of the Central discipline Inspection Commission plenary meeting. However, the above "integration" to a file in a single paragraph, 18 third plenary session is also the first time. These substance are the "power" to monitor power is the core and key to combating corruption. Bulletin with "power" to integrate related content, reflecting is the emphasis on power supervision.
How on power for effective supervision, Conference Bulletin of above expressed, has to out understanding questions path: to by system, that "with system tube right charge tube people"; to by masses, "let people supervision power"; to by power restriction, "building decision-making science, and Executive strongly, and supervision strong of power run system"; to by style construction, "sound improved style normal of system".
Because of their institutional arrangements, current monitoring bodies lack independence, so authoritative is not enough "in the future should have supervisory rights and decision-making rights, form an effective interaction between the right to Executive". The Beijing News reporter Wang Shu
The FTA
Relaxation of investment access to accelerate construction of free trade zone
Faculty of Economics of Renmin University Liu Yuanchun, Vice President: according to bulletin contents, pilot of the future free trade zone, Shanghai will further accelerate. Central through the FTA's pilot, to further boost the and way of promoting system of opening and domestic reforms.
On September 30, the free trade zone, Shanghai was formally established. According to the FTA overall programme, which in our country in the new period to speed up the transformation of government functions, exploring the management models innovation, promote trade and investment facilitation, to deepen reform and expand opening up the important mission of exploring new ways and accumulating new experience. Which has announced a series of reform measures such as the negative list system, the expansion of cross-border RMB services open, use, market-oriented interest rate market interest, is considered to be the next step for comprehensive reform in the country's "first try".
Promoting the free flow of international and domestic factors and orderly "elements", including commodities, including labour, capital, technology, patents, and so on. We pay too much attention is the free movement of goods, but may become the focus of future development of the free movement of capital, which involves further liberalisation of capital overseas. The FTA as the vanguard of the reform in Shanghai, is currently piloting a series of opening up of the capital project, such as relaxing the investment access and expansion of renminbi cross-border use. China will further increase the openness, and not only in coastal areas, inland, along the border areas will also be a new openness initiatives. The Beijing News reporter Shen Wei Ching
Emphasis on judicial reform, exercise judicial power independently, the guarantee of human rights, upholding a constitutional law authority. Next round of judicial reform will therefore open space, in the administration of Justice to local aspects of implementing substantive reforms. --Beijing University Law Professor Xu Xin
Strong emphasis on institution building the third plenary, corruption is a serious problem right now, is also a threat to the party and an enemy of the State. I think fighting against corruption, one of the largest deployment is also using the system to prevent corruption. Because sports are a wave by wave, not very conventional, unsustainable, system corruption, it would have been normal and programmed, very scientific. --China National School of Administration Professor, doctoral supervisor Xu Yaotong
According to people's daily online
(Original title: to ensure independent and impartial exercise of prosecutorial power trial)
【公报摘录】
●建设法治中国，必须深化司法体制改革，加快建设公正高效权威的社会主义司法制度，维护人民权益。要维护宪法法律权威，深化行政执法体制改革，确保依法独立公正行使审判权检察权，健全司法权力运行机制，完善人权司法保障制度。
●坚持用制度管权管事管人，让人民监督权力，让权力在阳光下运行，是把权力关进制度笼子的根本之策。必须构建决策科学、执行坚决、监督有力的权力运行体系，健全惩治和预防腐败体系，建设廉洁政治，努力实现干部清正、政府清廉、政治清明。要形成科学有效的权力制约和协调机制，加强反腐败体制机制创新和制度保障，健全改进作风常态化制度。
●适应经济全球化新形势，必须推动对内对外开放相互促进、引进来和走出去更好结合，促进国际国内要素有序自由流动、资源高效配置、市场深度融合，加快培育参与和引领国际经济合作竞争新优势，以开放促改革。要放宽投资准入，加快自由贸易区建设，扩大内陆沿边开放。
司法改革
完善人权司法保障制度
北京大学宪法与行政法研究中心常务副主任张千帆：当前，我国司法体制的一大弊端是，地方法院缺乏独立性，法官判案极易受到不当干预。虽然宪法第126条规定：“人民法院依照法律规定独立行使审判权，不受行政机关、社会团体和个人的干涉”，但这项规定在司法实践中并未得到完全落实。在法院人事、财政、职权都不独立的情况下，司法审判无法抵制当地党政部门干预。同时，法院内部实行的院长负责制、审判委员会制度、等级管理及各种考核体制虽然一方面有助于监督法官判案，同时也影响了法官独立行使职责。
十八届三中全会提出“依法、独立、公正行使审判权、检察权，健全司法权力运行机制”是非常必要的。提升司法公信力，各级党组织应有意识地主动避免干预个案，否则很容易造成在司法实践中违背法律和政策。同时，司法部门应强化垂直管理，减少法院在人事与财政上的地方依附，遏制地方保护主义，为法院依法独立审判营造良好的制度环境。
国家行政学院教授汪玉凯：公报提及的法院依法、独立、公正行使审判权对于我国建设成为法治国家具有重要意义，对我国的长治久安具有深远的战略意义。
人民大学法学院副教授李奋飞：人权司法保障一般主要指国家赔偿以及刑事案件中相关的司法救济事项。这两年来，一系列的冤假错案得到纠正，人权司法保障逐渐获得国家重视。实际上，近年来，我国已在逐步提高国家赔偿数额。三中全会提及这项工作说明国家对司法的人性化提出了更高要求。 新京报记者 邢世伟
加强反腐
坚持用制度管权管事管人
中国监察学会常务理事、北京航空航天大学廉洁教育与研究中心主任任建明：公报中关于健全惩治和预防腐败体系的上述表述，绝大多数之前都提过，有的出现在十七大、十八大报告里；有的出现在中纪委全会的会议通报中。但是，将上述内容“整合”到一个文件的一个段落中，十八届三中全会会议公报还是第一次。这些内容实质上讲的都是“权力”，监督权力是反腐的核心和关键。公报把跟“权力”有关的内容整合到一起，体现出的是对权力监督的重视。
如何对权力进行有效监督，会议公报的上述表述，已给出了解题路径：要靠制度，即“用制度管权管事管人”；要靠群众，“让人民监督权力”；要靠权力制约，“构建决策科学、执行坚决、监督有力的权力运行体系”；要靠作风建设，“健全改进作风常态化制度”。
由于体制上的安排，目前监督机构缺乏相对独立性，所以权威性不足，“未来应该让监督权与决策权、执行权形成有效制约关系”。 新京报记者 王姝
自贸区
放宽投资准入 加快自贸区建设
中国人民大学经济学院副院长刘元春：根据公报内容，未来上海自贸区的试点将会进一步加快。中央意在通过自贸区的试点，进一步扩大对外开放，并借此促进对内开放和国内制度的一系列改革。
9月30日，上海自贸区正式挂牌。根据自贸区总体方案，其肩负着我国在新时期加快政府职能转变、探索管理模式创新、促进贸易和投资便利化，为全面深化改革和扩大开放探索新途径、积累新经验的重要使命。其中已宣布的一系列改革措施如负面清单制度、扩大服务业开放、跨境人民币使用、利率市场化等备受市场关注，被认为是下一步国内全面改革的“先行先试”。
促进国际国内要素有序自由流动中的“要素”，既包括商品，也包括劳动力、技术、专利、资本等。以前我们过多关注的是商品的自由流动，但资本自由流动可能成为未来的发展重点，这就涉及资本对外的进一步开放。而上海自贸区作为改革的排头兵，目前正在试点一系列有关资本开放的项目，例如放宽投资准入，扩大人民币跨境使用等。未来我国将进一步提高开放度，且不仅是在沿海地区，内陆、沿边地区也将有新的开放举措。 新京报记者 沈玮青
强调司法体制改革，独立行使审判权，人权保障，维护宪法法律权威。下一轮司法改革将因此打开空间，在司法的去地方化去行政化方面推行实质性改革。 ——北京理工大学法学院教授徐昕
三中全会非常强调制度建设，现在腐败是一个非常严重的问题，也是能威胁党和国家的一个敌人。我想反腐倡廉上最大的一个部署也是用制度来防腐败。因为运动是一波一波的，不是很常规的，有点难以持续，用制度反腐，那就常态化了，而且是程序化的，非常科学。 ——国家行政学院教授、博士生导师许耀桐
据人民网
(原标题：确保独立公正行使审判权检察权)
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