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published in(发表于) 2013/11/13 7:30:16
We decided to establish a National Security Committee

　　"Bulletin" extracts

The plenary, innovation and social governance, must focus on maintaining the fundamental interests of the people, the maximum increase harmonious factors, enhance social development, improve the level of social governance, the interests of national security, and ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order.

To improve social governance, stimulate energy, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving public security system.

The establishment of the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security.

　　Prospect

"Set up a National Security Council to deal with national security challenges"

Plenary session Communique noted that established the National Security Council. The news quickly rise to the concern. Experts say that in recent years, China meets the challenges and tasks relating to the national security of more diverse and complex, needs a body such as the National Security Council to coordinate and harmonize.

　　Improving national security systems and national security strategy

Communique of the third plenary session, to improve social governance, stimulate energy, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, and improve public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy, and ensuring national security.

In fact, China set up a programme of the National Security Council, is not the first time.

The State Council, says Shi yinhong, Professor, school of international relations at Renmin University, China does have tried to establish a similar institution in the past, but the urgency is not enough. Today, the third plenum Communique said the establishment of the National Security Council, reflects the rapid growth of China at the same time, foreign policy, foreign policy and security challenges become more complex and diverse, we need more than any national Security Council to focus on high power, as well as coordinating all the relevant departments of the institution. Establishment of the National Security Council will help improve the efficiency of the national security strategy and policy.

　"National security is a flexible system of settings"

Shi yinhong said communiqué to establish a National Security Council, to make safety, economic policy, Foreign Affairs, military forces together, all sectors relevant to national security and should be represented in the Committee. When discussing important matters, participating departments, the National Security Council will enhance coordination and concentration, is a very necessary institutions.

The other hand, Shi yinhong also pointed out that national Security Council should be a more flexible institutional setting, which would need the National Security Council to discuss in the future, depends on the specific situation. Not every foreign strategy and policy issues will require national Security Council discussions and decisions, there are many other institutions, so that its role is flexible.

　　Interpretation

Establishment of a National Security Council to improve coordination of national security level

China Qu Xing, Director of the Institute of international studies: with the development of high-tech, prior to the issue of national security and not the same situation, national security issues become more complex, requires the collaboration of multiple State departments, the effective protection of national security. So the national security mechanism on the original, we will establish a new coping mechanism. Establishment of the Committee, to become more effectively integrated in all sectors, to coordinate more effectively, a higher level of coordination. This will facilitate the overall planning of the State security, unified and coordinated action and concentrate.

　For foreign policy, National Security Council to ensure

Deputy Director of the China Institute of international studies, Ruan Zongze: decided to set up a National Security Council, is a major move of Chinese national security institutional mechanisms, and it is an innovative initiative, also marks China's diplomacy will further down. It can serve two very important, is to upgrade or improve the efficiency of the decision-making, now China's diplomacy can be said to be complicated, but to have a good coordination mechanism, the National Security Council, will take on such a role. Second, our decision-making mechanisms, special needs to have such a link, this link would reduce the rules. Through involvement in such a security system, you can maximize the efficiency of our decision-making, to deal with more complex diplomacy.

　　National Security Council would co-ordinate arrangements for safeguarding national security

Military Song Zhongping: national defense and national security in the future rules of procedure through the National Security Council to discuss major issues, this is actually one of my senior deliberative organs. Just before the national security leadership group, now fixed it, through the Committee, future involves both countries of significant security can only be set through the National Security Council. China faces increasingly complex national and international security situation, we set up the National Security Council, to co-ordinate arrangements for safeguarding national security in the future, coastal areas and security, which is a foreign show national security concept.

　　Stone of other mountains

At present, many countries in the world have set up similar to "National Security Council" such institutions, in addition to United States, but also Brazil, and South Africa, and Turkey, and Malaysia and other countries, Japan is actively promoting a similar "National Security Council".

　　United States National Security Council chaired by the President of

United States National Security Council (National Security Council, NSC for short) is a United States President has presided over the highest levels of national security and Foreign Affairs Policy Committee.

United States in 1947 under the National Security Act established the National Security Council (NSC), chaired by the President, regularly attending members, Vice President, Secretary of State, the Minister of finance, the Secretary of Defense and the President's National Security Assistant. Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of staff, and the Director of Central Intelligence with military advisers and intelligence advisory capacity attend meetings respectively.

Can optionally specify the relevant personnel to attend the meeting of the President, the White House Chief of staff, the President's legal adviser and Assistant to the President's economic policies will be invited to take part in any United States National Security Council meeting.

National Security Council chaired by the Assistant to the President for national security affairs, is responsible for the daily work. Is mainly the responsibility of the National Security Council on national security and foreign policy to the President recommending in various government departments in coordinating security and foreign policy.

Shi yinhong said that United States National Security Council under President in a different, roles are not the same.

　　United States National Security Council

The President: the President

Regular attendance by members: Vice President, Secretary of State, the Minister, the Secretary of Defense, the President's National Security Assistant

Advisory: Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of staff, and the Director of Central Intelligence

Not regularly attending members: White House Chief, Assistant Legal Adviser to the President, the President's economic policies, the Minister of Justice, the Director of the Office of management and budget, government official

Japan National Security Council: this month is expected to pass the Bill

Japan media reports, Japan establishment plenary session of the House of representatives recently passed the "Japan National Security Conference (Japan version of the NSC)" Bill, it is expected that the Bill will be passed within this month. If adopted, the "Japan national security meeting" will be the Japan foreign and security policy of the Conning Tower.

"National Security Council" the main contents of the Bill are: in order to be able to decide the foreign and security policy, established by the Prime Minister, Chief Cabinet Secretary, the Foreign Secretary, defence phase composition of "4 the Council of Ministers"; in the Cabinet (equivalent to China's State Council), the new "national security agency".

Japan Government decision of 11th, appointment of the incumbent Cabinet's participation in guneizhengtailang in the upcoming Japan Conference on national security (Japan version of the NSC) was the first Secretary.

Once established the "Japan national security meeting" related acts established Japan Government will be held in December, "4 the Council of Ministers" decided to outline new national security strategy and defense. January 2014 sets size of about 60 people of Japan, "National Security Council".

Integrated Beijing News reporter Chu Xinyan, Yan Xin Yu people's daily and other media reports

(Original title: the establishment of the National Security Committee)

　　【公报摘录】

　　●全会提出，创新社会治理，必须着眼于维护最广大人民根本利益，最大限度增加和谐因素，增强社会发展活力，提高社会治理水平，维护国家安全，确保人民安居乐业、社会安定有序。

　　●要改进社会治理方式，激发社会组织活力，创新有效预防和化解社会矛盾体制，健全公共安全体系。

　　●设立国家安全委员会，完善国家安全体制和国家安全战略，确保国家安全。

　　展望

　　“设国安会可应对国家安全挑战”

　　全会公报中指出，设立国家安全委员会。这一消息迅速引发各界的关注。专家表示，近年来，中国遇见的国家安全方面的任务和挑战更加多样化和复杂，需要一个国家安全委员会这样的机构来协调和统一。

　　完善国家安全体制和国家安全战略

　　三中全会的公报指出，要改进社会治理方式，激发社会组织活力，创新有效预防和化解社会矛盾体制，健全公共安全体系，设立国家安全委员会，完善国家安全体制和国家安全战略，确保国家安全。

　　实际上，在中国设立国家安全委员会的方案，并非第一次提出。

　　国务院参事、中国人民大学国际关系学院教授时殷弘表示，过去中国确实曾经尝试建立类似的机构，但是紧迫性不够。如今，三中全会公报指出设立国家安全委员会，反映了中国国力迅速增长的同时，在对外战略、对外政策、安全方面的挑战日益复杂和多样化，更加需要类似国家安全委员会这样能够集中高层权力，同时协调各个有关部门的机构。建立国家安全委员会有利于提高国家安全战略和政策的效率。

　　“国安会应是一个灵活的体制设置”

　　时殷弘表示，公报提出设立国家安全委员会，要把安全、军事力量、经济政策、外交等综合起来，应该是和国家安全有关的所有部门都会在委员会内有代表。讨论重大事项的时候，各部门一起参与，国家安全委员会将加强协调和集中，是一个非常必要的机构。

　　另外一方面，时殷弘也指出，国家安全委员会应该是一个比较灵活的体制设置，今后哪些问题需要国家安全委员会讨论，还要看具体的情况。并不是每一个对外战略和政策问题，都需要国家安全委员会讨论和决定，还有很多其他的机构，因此它的作用是灵活的。

　　■ 解读

　　设立国安会提高国家安全协调层级

　　中国国际问题研究所所长曲星：伴随着高新技术的发展，国家安全问题呈现与之前不一样的局面，国家安全问题更加复杂，需要国家多个部门共同协作，有效保护国家安全。所以在原有国家安全机制上，我们要建立新的应对机制。设立这个委员会，能够更加有效整合各个部门的力量，更加有力地进行协调，协调的层级更高。这将有利于国家安全工作的整体规划，统一协调行动，集中力量。

　　国家安全委员会为外交决策做保证

　　中国国际问题研究所副所长阮宗泽：这次决定设立国家安全委员会，是中国国安体制机制的一个重大举措，而且是一个创新性的举措，也标志着中国的外交将进一步发力。它的作用有两点非常重要，一是要提升或是提高这个决策的效率，现在的中国外交可以说是千头万绪，但要有一个好的协调机制，这个国安会就将承担这样一个作用。第二，现在我们的决策机制中，特别需要有这么一个中间环节，这个环节可以减少条条框框。通过这样一个国安体制的涉猎，可以把我们决策的效率最大化，以应对更加复杂的外交。

　　国安会将统筹安排维护国家安全

　　军事专家宋忠平：将来国防建设和国家安全重大问题会通过国家安全委员会来议事讨论，这实际上是我国高层的一个议事机构。以前只是国家安全领导小组，现在通过委员会的方式把它固定下来，今后凡是涉及国家的重大安全都要通过国家安全委员会来设定。中国面临的国家安全和国际安全形势越来越复杂，我们设立国家安全委员会，由它来统筹安排今后如何维护国家安全，海疆安全，这是一个对外展现国家安全的概念。

　　■ 他山之石

　　目前，世界上很多国家设置了类似“国家安全委员会”这样的机构，除美国外，还有巴西、南非、土耳其、马来西亚等国，日本也正在积极推进类似的“国家安全保障会议”。

　　美国国安会 总统任主席

　　美国国家安全委员会(National Security Council，简称NSC)是由美国总统主持的最高级别的国家安全及外交事务决策委员会。

　　美国在1947年根据《国家安全法》设立国家安全委员会(NSC)，由总统任主席，定期列席成员为副总统、国务卿、财政部长、国防部长和总统的国家安全助理。参谋长联席会议主席和中央情报局局长分别以军事顾问、情报顾问身份列席会议。

　　总统可以根据需要指定有关人员列席会议，白宫幕僚长、总统法律顾问和总统经济政策助理会获邀参加任何美国国家安全委员会的会议。

　　国家安全委员会的日常工作由总统的国家安全事务助理负责主持。国家安全委员会的职责主要是就国内安全和外交政策方面向总统提出建议；在各个政府部门中协调各种安全和外交政策。

　　时殷弘表示，美国的国家安全委员会在不同的总统领导下，起的作用也不一样。

　　■ 美国国家安全委员会

　　主席：总统

　　定期列席成员：副总统、国务卿、财政部长、国防部长、总统国家安全助理

　　顾问：参谋长联席会议主席、中央情报局局长

　　不定期列席成员：白宫幕僚长、总统法律顾问、总统经济政策助理、司法部长、管理和预算办公室主任、政府其他各部门高官

　　日本国安会：预计本月通过法案

　　据日本媒体报道，日本众议院全体会议近日通过了创立“日本国家安全保障会议(日本版NSC)”的相关法案，预计该法案将于本月内获得通过。如果通过，“日本国家安全保障会议”将成为日本外交和安全保障政策的司令塔。

　　“国家安全保障会议”相关法案的主要内容有：为了能够迅速决定外交及安全保障政策，常设由首相、官房长官、外相、防卫相组成的“4大臣会议”；在内阁官房(相当于中国的国务院办公厅)新设“国家安全保障局”。

　　日本政府11日决定，任命现任内阁官房参与谷内正太郎担任即将成立的日本国家安全保障会议(日本版NSC)的第一任事务局长。

　　一旦设立“日本国家安全保障会议”的相关法案成立，日本政府将在12月召开“4大臣会议”，决定国家安保战略和防卫新大纲。2014年一月将设置约60人规模的日本“国家安全保障局”。

　　综合新京报记者 储信艳、闫欣雨 人民网等媒体报道

(原标题：设立国家安全委员会)

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