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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/15 13:00:04 United States Office of the White House _ Sina news
The White House is the United States where the President's Office and residence, 1600th Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, is a white three-storey building of the wall. Lafayette Square in North, South, Alice Phillips Park, with the towering Washington Monument. The White House was founded in 1792 and 1800, substantial completion after many alterations and extensions. From 1800 second President Adams, Presidents are to serve as a residence. The "White House" was founded in 1902 by the 26th United States President Theodore Roosevelt officially named. Since then, the White House became a symbol of political and so tend to use the "White House" to represent the United States Government.
The White House was on October 13, 1792 the United States personally siting, Foundation's first President, George Washington, Ireland immigrant architect zhanmusi·heben according to the end of the 18th century United Kingdom country house style, in the light of prevailing Italy European design of the architect Christian Paradis, VA produced a white limestone building. Occupies 7.2 hectares, and the East and West wings of the main building is composed of three parts. After many alterations, rooms from more than 60 in the past increased to 132. Its architecture is gray, in 1814, British troops set fire to light, rebuilt in 1817 after painted white. Was one of the largest expansion in the 1948-1952, plus a second-floor balcony, TV system, and air conditioning equipment is installed, additional double-deck and sturdy underground air defense unit in the basement. Inside the White House's original historic rooms keep the area, as a memento.
Main building, White House, 51.51 m wide, depth of 25.75 m and a total of 3 floors on the ground floor, first floor and second floor. Low-level diplomatic reception room, library room, map room, porcelain, gold and silver and White House Office of management and so on. Oval diplomatic reception hall, is the place where presidential reception of foreign heads of State and diplomats, hanging on the wall depicting United States huge circular painting of landscapes; end of sky blue, oval-shaped pattern carpet underground, embroidered symbols on United States flags of the 50 States. In 1940, President Roosevelt had issued the famous "Fireside Chat".
Library is about more than 60 meters from the White House, and by the early 19th century style, indoor tables, chairs, bookcases and lamps, are classic. Possession of nearly 3,000 copies of books, including many United States representatives at all times famous writers. In addition, there is United States Presidents of relevant information. Collection Cabinet hangs on the wall next to portraits of five of the Indians and was the United States Presidents met at the White House on behalf of Indian tribes of the portrait.
Map room collections of various versions of modern Atlas and a map of precious 18th century drawing. During World War II, was the Chamber to examine the situation of war, President Roosevelt. Since 1970, in addition to the reception room, indoor hanging portrait of Benjamin Franklin, and the United States 19th century Hudson River School of landscape painting, such as Hart made in 1858, famous paintings, such as the Lake in the hills.
Possession of various gold and silver showcase exquisite command of both English and French gold-plated silver and inlaid gold and silver.
Porcelain and has a collection of porcelain dinnerware for Presidents, which has a set of ceramics imported from China.
One of the North of the main building is the main entrance of the White House, after the door is the Foyer marble structures. Marble walls, marble floors and many marble pillars, grandeur grandiose, spacious and bright. Hanging on the walls around the 20th century United States presidential portrait. East Hall, green room, blue room, red room and ballroom adjacent in sequence. East Hall is the largest and most rich decorations in the White House, the most luxurious and the most magnificent halls, 24 meters long, 11 meters wide and 2.5 meters high, can accommodate more than 200 people. There are sleek French window, polished oak floors, massive crystal chandeliers and candelabra, mahogany piano piano legs carved with four Golden Eagle, romantic masterpieces of 18th century painter Gilbert Stuart-a huge oil painting of Washington and his wife, full-length photo. There used to be United States Presidents and their families hold weddings and events venue, there are 4 Presidents daughters weddings were held here, 7 Presidents hold funerals here. In 1945, the United States this deposit coffin pending burial in the 32nd after the death of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. In 1974, Richard Nixon because of "Watergate" immediately prior to the departure, cries with his aides to say goodbye. Now, this Office is for United States presidential swearing-in ceremonies, press conferences, cocktail party, Christmas party, etc. Closed on holidays and weekends, in some cases, celebrity performances, and performances in the arts and sport.
Green Room much smaller than the East room, decorated in green tone will not be interrupted. Watercolor walls decorated with a green silk, the ground was drawn by 19th century Scottish artist Martin Franklin. Now, it is the United States President's living room, the President often holds official receptions. That year, President Jefferson Green was used as a dining room, Office, President Monroe playing cards here.
Blue room known for its blue hue. Window Wei Qun is blue, the seatback and seat cushion is blue, is the blue of the sky outside the window. Hall has a 19th century Chinese carpet, 7 France gilt chairs, a pair of 19th century Louis XVI gold-plated desk clocks, things such as age 16. Pieces exhibit United States early portraits of President and Mrs.
Red by the wife of the President of the Office. Watercolor with red silk on the walls in the Office by Stewart drew red portrait of Madison, his wife Dora facies. Here there is a VIP reception, President, in early 19th century France the bourgeois revolution period style decor, interior furniture is expensive, including one in 1805 France chandeliers and United Kingdom in 1850, red, produced by rice, four colours are blue and gold carpet.
Banqueting House is the second Hall of the White House, is known for its gorgeous decorations and exquisite tableware. Table and chairs furniture made of oak, at the dinner for 140 guests, is to hold a State Banquet. The kitchen in the basement, available lifts bring food to the Ballroom. Hall design and decoration are taken in 19 century United Kingdom of the Regency style. Lincoln's portrait hangs in the middle of the wall. Fireplaces the top engraved with the United States after the second President, John Adams, moved to the White House for the second night in a letter written by the most famous quotation: "I pray that God bless this House and all the people coming in here. Masters are all honest, sensible person in the White House. ”
Second floor of the main building, for the presidential family a place to live. Notably the Lincoln Bedroom, Queen bedroom, Hall and his wife sitting room, the yellow oval room of the Treaty. The Lincoln Bedroom is the place where Lincoln's Office and Cabinet meeting, the famous declaration of the liberation of black people in this signature. Rose and white transfer decoration of the Queen's bedroom, has received United Kingdom Queen Elizabeth and the Netherlands VIPs such as Queen.
Presided over by President Theodore Roosevelt to build the West Wing of the White House, was built in 1902; chaired by President Franklin Roosevelt built the East Wing, built in 1941. The West Wing of the main office is inside of the Oval Office. It is spacious, bright, ground is made of a huge blue carpet, carpet midway knitting United States presidential Gold logo: 50 stars arranged in a circle, surrounded by an eagle. Office back on both sides stands United States flag and presidential flag. On the front wall is a painting of Washington dressed in a military uniform, stood on either side of two elegant Chinese porcelain vase. Wall to the left of the office furnishings of foreign dignitaries on a gift, in 1979, China donated "horse running on the swallow" antique bronze. Placed on the President's desk there is a motto: "here will bear the ultimate responsibility. ”
Just south of the White House is a huge white stone pillars supporting the wide porch, front 4, next to the 2. The South Lawn just in front of the porch is the famous. Presidential helicopter aircraft landing gear. As the White House is sitting North of the Southern dynasties, it became the South Lawn of the White House's back yard, commonly known as the garden President. Park, shrubs such as hedges, tree-lined, such as boundary there is a pool in the lawn, pool fountain Pearl jade, the high number of feet. Pond surrounded by flower gardens, brilliant purple. South Gate 8 lush, full of Magnolia trees on both sides, there are 150 years old. The presidential visit, held a formal welcoming ceremony on the South Lawn. Every spring, Easter, the President and his wife were held here to the traditional garden party.
Every Tuesday to Friday's opening of the White House. For tourists to visit some of the main was the East Wing of the White House, including the underlying foreign guests to the reception room, porcelain, gold and silver rooms and library, first floor banqueting room, red room, blue room, green room and East Hall. While at the White House in more than 130 rooms, only more than more than 10 rooms open, but it is, after all, is the world's only the head of State's residence is open to the public on a regular basis, thus attracting large numbers of visitors, to reach 2 million people visit each year.
First Secretary of State who live in this House is yuehan·maxieer. George · Washington would seem to be able to live in the White House President. Time, Franklin Roosevelt at the White House (1933-1945), four consecutive terms as President. Was William Henry Harrison with the shortest stay in the White House, he passed away due to illness simply ruling a month.
白宫是美国总统办公和居住的地方，位于华盛顿宾夕法尼亚大街1600号，是一座白色墙壁的三层楼房。北接拉斐特广场，南邻爱丽普斯公园，与高耸的华盛顿纪念碑相望。白宫始建于1792年，1800年基本完工，后又多次改建和扩充。从1800年第二届总统亚当斯起，历届总统均以此为官邸。“白宫”是于1902年由第26届美国总统西奥多·罗斯福正式命名的。从那以后，白宫就成为一种政治权利的象征，因而往往用“白宫”来代表美国政府。
白宫是1792年10月13日由美国首任总统乔治·华盛顿亲自选址、奠基的，爱尔兰移民建筑师詹姆斯·赫本根据18世纪末英国乡间别墅的风格，参照当时流行的意大利建筑师柏拉迪的欧式造型设计而成，用弗吉尼亚州所产的一种白色石灰石建造的。占地7.2公顷，由主楼和东、西两翼三部分组成。经过多次改建，房间由过去的60多间增加到132间。它的建筑本是灰色的，在1814被英军放火烧光，1817年重建后才漆成了白色。1948－1952年进行了最大的一次扩建，加修了二层阳台，安装了电视系统和空调设备，增建了双层地下室和坚固的地下防空室。白宫内部原有的具有历史意义的房间基本保持原貌，以作纪念。
白宫主楼宽51.51米，进深25.75米，共有底层、一楼和二楼共3层。底层有外交接待大厅、图书室、地图室、瓷器室、金银器室和白宫管理人员办公室等。外交接待大厅呈椭圆形，是总统接待外国元首和使节的地方，墙上挂有描绘美国风景的巨幅环形油画；地下铺有天蓝色底、椭圆形的花纹地毯，上绣象征美国50个州的标志。1940年罗斯福总统曾在此发表过著名的“炉边谈话”。
白宫的图书室约60多平方米，按19世纪早期风格布置，室内的桌、椅、书橱和灯具等，均为古典式。藏有图书近3000册，其中不乏美国各个时期著名作家的代表作。此外，这里还存有美国历届总统的有关资料。在藏书壁柜旁的墙上挂着五幅印第安人的画像，是当年美国总统在白宫会见过的印第安部落代表的画像。
地图室珍藏有各种版本的现代地图集和一幅名贵的18世纪绘制的地图。二战期间，这里曾是罗斯福总统研究战争形势的密室。从1970年起，此外已改为接待室，室内挂着本杰明·富兰克林的画像和美国19世纪哈得逊河画派的风景画，如哈特作于1858年的名画《山间湖水》等。
金银器陈列室藏有各种精致的英、法式镀金银制餐具和镶金银器。
瓷器室收藏有历届总统用过瓷制餐具，其中有一套从中国进口的名瓷。
主楼一层的北面是白宫的正门，进门后是大理石结构的门厅。大理石的墙、大理石的地板和许多大理石的柱子，气魄宏大，宽敞、明亮。四周墙上挂着20世纪美国总统的肖像。东大厅、绿厅、蓝厅、红厅和宴会厅依次相邻。东大厅是白宫中最大、装饰最富贵、最豪华、最气派的厅堂，长24米，宽11米，高2.5米，可容纳200多人。这里有敞亮的落地长窗，光洁的橡木地板，巨型的水晶吊灯和烛台，桃木钢琴的琴腿上雕饰着四只金鹰，有18世纪名画家吉尔伯特·斯图尔特的传世名作－－巨幅油画华盛顿及其夫人的全身像。这里曾是美国总统及其家属举行婚丧大事的会场，有4位总统的女儿在此举行过婚礼，7位总统在这里举办过丧事。1945年，美国第三十二届总统富兰克林·罗斯福逝世后就停灵于此。1974年，理查德·尼克松因“水门事件”离职前夕，也是在此与他的助手们挥泪告别的。现在，此厅供美国总统举行宣誓就职仪式、记者招待会、酒会、圣诞舞会等使用。逢节日和周末，有时也请文艺界和体育界的名流在此进行演出和表演。
绿厅较东厅小得多，因以绿色基调装饰而得名。四壁有绿绸装饰的水彩画，地上是19世纪苏格兰画家马丁画的富兰克林像。现在，它是美国总统的客厅，总统常常在此举行正式酒会。而当年，杰斐逊总统曾将绿厅用做餐室，门罗总统常在这里打牌消遣。
蓝厅以蓝色调著称。窗帏是蓝色的，座椅靠背和座垫是蓝色的，窗外的天空也是蓝色的。厅内有一块19世纪的中国地毯，7把法国镀金椅子，一对19世纪路易十六时代的镀金桌子等名贵之物。还陈列有几幅美国早期总统及其夫人的画像。
红厅多由总统夫人使用。厅内四壁上的红绸水彩画同由斯图尔特画的麦迪逊总统夫人朵拉的红色肖像相辉映。此处有一总统贵宾接待室，以19世纪初法国资产阶级革命时期的风格加以装饰，室内家具十分名贵，其中有一架1805年的法国枝形吊灯和英国1850年制作的红、米、蓝、金四色地毯。
国宴厅是白宫第二大厅，以其华丽的装饰和精致的餐具著称。桌椅家具全为橡木所制，可同时宴请140位宾客，是举行国宴的地方。厨房在地下室，可用升降机将食品送到宴会厅。厅中的设计与装饰均采取19世纪初叶英国摄政时期的风格。墙中间悬挂着林肯的肖像。壁炉上方刻有美国第二任总统约翰·亚当斯在迁居白宫后的第二个夜晚所写的一封书信中的名句：“我祈祷上苍赐福于这座宅邸以及所有来日居于此间的人。愿白宫主宰者皆为诚实、明智之人。”
主楼二层，为总统全家居住的地方。主要有林肯卧室、皇后卧室、条约厅和总统夫人起居室、黄色椭圆形厅等。林肯卧室是林肯办公和召开内阁会议的地方，著名的《解放黑人宣言》即在此签字。以玫瑰色和白色为主调加以装饰的皇后卧室，曾接待过英国伊丽莎白女王、荷兰女王等贵宾。
白宫西翼由西奥多·罗斯福总统主持修建的，于1902年建成；东翼由富兰克林·罗斯福总统主持修建，于1941年建成。其中最主要的厅室是西翼内侧的椭圆形总统办公室。它宽敞、明亮，地上铺着一块巨大的蓝色地毯，地毯正中织有美国总统的金色徽标图案：50颗星排列成圆形，环绕着一只鹰。办公室后部两侧分别竖立着美国国旗和总统旗帜。正面墙上是身着戎装的华盛顿油画像，两边摆着两只雅致的中国古瓷花瓶。办公室左边墙架上陈设的外国贵宾赠送的礼物中，有中国1979年赠送的“马踏飞燕”仿古青铜器。总统的大办公桌上放置着这样一条座右铭：“这里要负最后责任。”
白宫的南面是一个由粗大的乳白色石柱支撑的宽大门廊，正面4根，旁边各2根。门廊的正前方就是有名的南草坪。总统的直升机座机可在此起落。由于白宫是坐南朝北，因此南草坪就成了白宫的后院，通称为总统花园。园内，灌木如篱，绿树成荫，如垠草坪中有一水池，池中喷泉喷珠吐玉，高可数丈。池塘四周的花圃里，姹紫嫣红。南门前两侧8棵枝繁叶茂、生机勃勃的木兰树，已有150年树龄。国宾来访时，都要在南草坪举行正式欢迎仪式。每年春天的复活节时，总统和夫人都要在这里举行传统的游园会。
白宫每星期二至星期五对外开放。供游人参观的部分主要是白宫的东翼，包括底层的外宾接待室、瓷器室、金银器室和图书室，一楼的宴会厅、红厅、蓝厅、绿厅和东大厅。虽然在白宫130多个房间中，只有10余个房间开放，但它毕竟是世界上唯一定期向公众开放的国家元首的官邸，因而吸引了大批的游客，每年来此参观的人数达200万人。
第一个住进此宅的人是国务卿约翰·马歇尔。乔治·华盛顿是唯一没能住进白宫的总统。在白宫时间最长的是富兰克林·罗斯福(1933—1945)，连任四届总统。在白宫待得时间最短的是威廉·亨利·哈里森，他仅仅执政一个月便因病去世。
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