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The author:(作者)hpmailerpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/17 8:53:56 1978 third plenary session the decision notes published for the first time
18 the decision yesterday, the third plenary session of the full text published illustrated XI Jinping, entrusted by the political Bureau to the plenary
After the November 2012
Central to consider 18 plenary session topics
April 2013
18 study on the third plenary session of the Politburo decided to party deepen reform and make decisions
On April 20
Central on 18 study on the third plenary session of the party, issued circular on comprehensively deepening reform consultation
August 27
Meeting of the CPC, decided this year to ten third plenary session, held in Beijing in November to study comprehensively reform the major problems
September 17
CPC Central Committee held in Beijing Symposium on non-party people, the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decided to listen to comments and suggestions
October 29
Decision of the CPC, held 18 plenary session in Beijing on November 9
November 12
18 closing of the third plenary session, on comprehensive reform adopted by the CPC Central Committee decision on major issues of
"Xinhua News Agency yesterday's publication of the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decision, the decision on November 12, 2013 18th Central Committee adopted at the third plenary meeting of the Chinese Communist Party. XI Jinping, Member of the Commission, the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform's explanation of the decision to the plenary, on the same day release. ”
Plenary research topics
Is the important basis for judging new central policy objective
XI Jinping pointed out in the description of the decision, since reform and opening up, successive plenary session research issues, make decisions, measures taken, releasing what signal is that people judge the new Central collective leadership an important basis of the policy objectives and priorities, for the next 5 or 10 years is significant.
After the party's 18 large, central to consider 18 plenary session topic. 18 unification of the Party proposed a goal of build a well-off society and deepen reform and opening up, and emphasizes the need for a greater political courage and wisdom, wasted no time deepen reforms in key areas, resolutely do away with all drawbacks hindering scientific development of ideological and institutional mechanisms, building the system is complete, run effective system of scientific norms, and makes the system more mature more stereotypes. In our view, to complete 18 of the party's strategic objectives and work plan, it must urgently move forward with comprehensive reforms.
In 1992, Comrade DENG Xiaoping's talk in the South said: "do not adhere to socialism, not reform, not economic development, does not improve people's lives, it is fatal. "Looking back, we have a deeper understanding of Comrade DENG Xiaoping's words. So we say that only socialism can save China, and only the development of reform and opening up can develop China, socialism and Marxism.
Is from history experience and reality needs of height, party of 18 big yilai, Central repeatedly stressed, opening is decided contemporary China fate of key a enrollment, is decided achieved "two a 100 years" struggle target, and achieved Chinese great revival of key a enrollment, practice development endless, Liberation thought endless, opening also endless, pauses and backwards no outlet, opening only for Shi, and no completed Shi. Facing the new situation and new tasks, we must pass comprehensive reform, focused on solving a series of contradictions and problems in the development, and constantly promote institutional self-improvement and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
At present, the domestic and international environments are extremely extensive and profound changes have taken place, and a series of contradictions and challenges facing China's development, there are still many difficulties and problems along the way. Like: development in the not balance, and not coordination, and not continued problem still highlight, technology innovation capacity not strong, industry structure not reasonable, development way still extensive, in urban and rural areas regional development gap and residents income distribution gap still larger, social contradictions obviously increased, education, and employment, and social security, and medical, and housing, and ecological environment, and food drug security, and safety, and social security, and law enforcement justice, relationship masses vital interests of problem more, part masses life difficult, formalism, and bureaucracy, and Hedonism and extravagance of copyright protection problems, a number of negative phenomena of corruption-prone-prone in the field, the fight against corruption situation remains severe, and so on. To address these issues, the key lies in deepening reform.
To have a strong sense of major issues-oriented
XI plenary decided on a description of the overall framework and key issues:
Member of the believe that facing the new situation and new tasks of the new requirements, comprehensive reform, the key is to create a fair competition environment for the development of further, further enhancing economic and social development, further increase the Government's efficiency and effectiveness, and further realization of social fairness and justice, and to further promote social harmony and stability, and further enhance the party's art of leadership and governance capability.
Around these major issues, we emphasize that you want to have a strong sense of, to the major issues-oriented, grasp the key issues for further research and thoughts on, and put forth effort to promote the settlement of a series of prominent contradictions and problems facing China's development. Our reform of the Chinese Communist revolution, construction, grab, never was designed to solve real-world problems. It can be said that reform was caused by issues forced and deepening in the problem solving.
The plenary decided to draft, highlight 5 considerations. One is to adapt to the new requirements for party and national development, implement the comprehensive deepening of reform and opening up the party's 18 major strategic tasks. Second is to reform as the main line, highlight the comprehensive new measures for deepening the reform, General measures do not write, repetitive moves are not written, purely developmental initiatives do not write. Third is focused around solving people's problems reflect strong in response to the people's voices and look forward to highlighting key areas and crucial links, highlighting the economic system in traction. Four are staying active conservative in designing reform measures have the guts to make large, steady pace. Five is designed by 2020, the reforms proposed by the time by 2020 in the decisive results on reform in important fields and crucial links.
On the frame structure, the plenary decided to withdraw on the current major problems demanding prompt solution, all roads lead to overall planning. Apart from the introduction and conclusion, a total of 16 sections, divided into three major sections. First part of the first plate, is a general, focuses on comprehensive significance of deepening reform, guiding ideology, general idea. Second to the second plate composition part 15th, is the theory, mainly from economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological civilization, national defense and the army 6, deploying a comprehensive main tasks of deepening reform and major initiatives. Which, economic aspects opened 6 article (second to seventh Department points), political aspects opened 3 article (eighth to tenth Department points), culture aspects opened 1 article (11th Department points), social aspects opened 2 article (12th to 13th Department points), ecological aspects opened 1 article (14th Department points), defense and army aspects opened 1 article (15th Department points). 16th parts constitute the third plate, about organizational leadership, focuses on strengthening and improving the party's leadership to deepen reform.
To do or go dry
"This is the task of the plenary discussion plenary decisions propose comprehensive reform ideas and programmes", in the statement, XI also put forward specific requirements.
First, enhance confidence and courage to promote reform. By our party in the new era of reform and opening up under the condition of new great revolution led people, is the most distinctive characteristics of contemporary China, is also the most distinctive of our party banner. For 35 years, we rely on boosting public morale, unifying the party and unite? How to stimulate creativity and the creativity of all the people? How to achieve rapid social and economic development in China, and competition to win comparative superiority of capitalism? Is based on reform and opening up.
Facing the future, explains the development of the difficulties, resolve risks and challenges from all sides, best use of advantages of the Socialist system with Chinese characteristics, promote the sustained and healthy development of economy and society, in addition to deepening reform and opening up, no way.
At present, on the issue of reform and opening up, inside and outside the party, both at home and abroad are very concerned about, the whole party and various social expectations are high. Reform and opening up to a new crucial juncture. We must never wavered on the reform, must continue to be held up the banner of reform and opening up, right direction we must firmly adhere to socialism with Chinese characteristics. Firm confidence in the reform party, with greater political courage and wisdom, more forceful measures and reforms.
Second, insist on emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts. Hold high the banner of reform and opening up, the light position and attitude does not help, there must be a tangible initiatives. Most convincing action. Central decided to use the party's 18 plenary session of deploying this favourable opportunity, deepen reform, is a strategic choice. We have to seize that opportunity, in an effort to deepen reforms to achieve new breakthroughs. There will be a new breakthrough, we must further emancipate the mind.
Breaking ideological barriers, break barriers to cure the interests, emancipating the mind is paramount. On deepening the reform, some ideas often come not from outside but from within the system. Not liberated, we barely see curing the crux of the various interests, it is difficult to find breakthrough direction and focus, it's hard to come up with creative initiatives for change. Therefore, there must be courage of self-innovation and heart, out of the box limits, constraints to overcome sectoral interests as a positive initiative to study and propose reforms.
Reform initiatives proposed by caution, of course, you study, repeated argument, but that does not deter cautious, did not dare to do anything, afraid to try. In carrying out reforms, existing work and institutions run impossible without breaking anything, can't all be safe, without any risk. Only after a full demonstration and evaluation, as long as it is practical, and must do, should do or go dry.
Thirdly, sticking out from the overall consideration. Comprehensive reform is a major cause of our party and country overall development strategy, not a field a single reform. "Not global enough domain. "People from different departments and units, to look at the problem from a global, first depends on whether the proposed major reform initiatives consistent with global needs, is conducive to the long-term development of the party and State. To really look forward, forward-thinking and advance. Only in this way, the resulting file to be truly consistent with the cause of the party and the people development requirements.
Yesterday, the Xinhua News Agency text broadcast 18 XI Jinping made at the third plenary session of the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decision (hereinafter the decision) for instructions.
Several party scholars have told Beijing Youth daily reporter, previous plenary session since the third plenary session, which was first made public the decision States.
XI Jinping made the decision personally description
Under 18 communiqué of the third plenary session, plenary meeting heard and discussed the report on the work of XI Jinping, Member of the Commission for, consideration of adoption of the decision. XI Jinping, the decision (draft for discussion) made a presentation to the plenary.
Since the third plenary session of the previous plenary session show that starting from the 16 plenary meeting, by the central leadership to the decisions or recommendations submitted to the plenary discussion paper for instructions.
For example, 16 on the third plenary session, Wu Bangguo and Wen Jiabao, respectively, on the proposal of the CPC Central Committee on revising part of the Constitution (draft for discussion) and the CPC Central Committee decision on the several problems of perfecting socialist market economy system (draft for discussion) for instructions. 17 on the third plenary session, Hui Liangyu, the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of promoting rural reform and development decisions (draft for discussion) for instructions.
And party building of Central Party School Professor, Dai Yanjun beiqing interview presentation, 16, 17, the third plenary session, is illustrated by the central leadership in charge of specific areas. 18 plenary session focusing on the "comprehensive reform" that illustrated personally by the XI, General Secretary, highlighted reform of the authority.
Central Party School Professor Zhang Xixian also said that based on previous plenary session since the third plenary session of the bulletin, is this is the first time the General Secretary as the decision States.
The decision of the first Community open
XI Jinping made the decision shows full text and more than 10,000 characters. North Green newspaper reporter read database discovery, Xinhua, this is since the third plenary session, plenary the decision describes for the first time to the public.
According to the decision States, 18 plenary session drafting group chaired by XI Jinping, Liu Yunshan, and Zhang gaoli, Deputy team leader, responsible comrades, some of the provincial and municipal leaders to participate in related sectors, Member of the Standing Committee under the leadership of the plenary decided that the drafting work. Drafting group from its inception to version, which lasted 7 months.
The decision made in the note, designing reform measures have the guts to make large, steady pace. At the same time, that the decision to "highlight the comprehensive new measures for deepening the reform, General measures do not write, repetitive moves are not written, purely developmental initiatives do not write". In addition, also called for reform of "light" position and attitude does not help, there must be a real initiative ".
18 plenary session of 4 days, two of which are the General Assembly and the remainder were group discussions. The decision States when grouping encourages participants to discuss "enhance confidence and courage to reform". Central Party School Professor Zhang Xixian believes that this requirement is conducive to solidify reform consensus.
Full text of the decision released in the closing week of the plenary of the General
16, 17 decision of the third plenary session for consideration and adoption, are closed to the public until 7 days after the plenary. This 3 days after publication of the decision on the closure of the plenary.
Zhang Xixian said that in accordance with established practice, closing day of the plenary session will release "announcement", published within a week will be considered by the full text of the decision. Dai Yanjun said, the decision should be published in full time is not mandatory, and may be made to the text of the decision until after the closure of the plenary part, so it will be a "lag".
Text/reporter Guan qingfeng Zou Chunxia
The drafting group
Leader: XI
Deputy team leader: Liu Yunshan, and Zhang gaoli
Participants: relevant departments responsible comrades, some provinces and cities leaders
7 months
Since the establishment of the drafting group, over a period of almost 7 months, and consult widely, demonstration topics, conduct research, and repeated discussions.
3 times
3 times and 2 meetings of the Standing Committee of the Politburo Standing Committee meeting be considered separately in the decision, the decision of the exposure draft issued within a certain scope for comments, and seek the views of old comrades in the party, specifically briefed by the heads of Central Government, the National Federation of the democratic parties and personages without party affiliation.
During the consultation process, a lot of good comments and recommendations were made. Central Government entrusted the drafting group carefully study these views and recommendations, drafting groups for the plenary decided to make significant changes.
Interpretation of person: Yang Weimin
Deputy Director of the Office of the Central leading group on financial
Participation of the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decided that the drafting and revision of work
I have heard many participants say, unexpectedly, were very surprised that reform is unprecedented. This fully reflects comrade XI Jinping, the reform determination and courage as the General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, reflects the new Central collective leadership be courageous and knowledgeable, daring to adhering of boldness, to be acting.
The theme of the Conference is to deepen reforms, and 6 times before since the third plenary session of the third plenary session is different.
In spite of 6 meetings related to reform, but reform topics are only one area. This includes economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological civilization in the defence and military reform, reform of the system of the party construction.
Determine theme, partly in keeping with the "five in one" adapt to the layout, but also practice needs, when the reform entered a crucial period, the Sham Shui Po District, only by adhering to the comprehensive reform in order to continue to deepen the reform.
We are at the stage of crossing the middle income trap, numerous challenges and risks to the next stage of development, supporting fast-growing conditions have changed in the past, the country has to rely mainly on the reform dividend release the vitality, the stage of development. This time reform target in 2020, and build a well-off society in the time line is this truth.
Position is to deepen reform of the decision. Meanwhile, adhere to the principles of problem-oriented, deepening reform of the economic system as a comprehensive focus, play their other reforms in the area of "loco" traction effect. 15 reform task, 6 is the economy, "ecological civilization," are closely linked to economic. Economy accounts for almost half of all reform tasks. This is the case, major consideration is that the current problems in our country, said was essentially development issues. Promoting the sustained and healthy development of economy is the primary task of the party and the State.
Through a good decision is important, but to implement reforms, economic and social development, into a national governing capacity, must pay special attention to the implementation. The implementation of the decision is guaranteed, is reflected in: organizing and to articulate Central deepen reform leading group was set up, responsible for the overall design, integrated and coordinated reform, promoting overall development, the supervision implementation; time, stark made the reforms proposed by 2020 through the decision of the tasks are inspection, assessment of the reform process. That shows a new Central collective leadership to get work Shi Liuyin, grasp the spirit of iron marks.
The decision about 20,000 words, covering 15 areas of specific tasks, 60, Yang Weimin, Deputy Director of the central financial and economic leading Group Office of the decisions of the evaluation is: "is the word reform, Word by Word." In his view, every word, very rich in content, the implementation will make significant changes in the institutional mechanisms in this area.
The decision raised "6 are centered around", namely the economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization in 6 areas of reform of the main line, and reflects the basic ideas of reform in all areas.
As the first theme was "closely around the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources to deepen economic reform", that is, the basic economic system, market economy, tax and finance all reforms, macro-control of the economy, are around the main line to expand and advance. Made specific to each area of the respective main lines and direction, not only deepen the overall direction of reform not to lose, each area's reforms will not be biased.
This version of the section (apart from signature,) and Xinhua News Agency, people's daily
Cartographic/Sha Nan
(Original title: the decision of the third plenary notes published for the first time)
十八届三中全会《决定》昨天全文发布 习近平受政治局委托向全会作说明
2012年11月后
中央即着手考虑十八届三中全会的议题
2013年4月
中央政治局决定党的十八届三中全会研究全面深化改革问题并作出决定
4月20日
中央发出《关于对党的十八届三中全会研究全面深化改革问题征求意见的通知》
8月27日
中共中央政治局召开会议，决定今年11月在北京召开十八届三中全会，研究全面深化改革重大问题
9月17日
中共中央在中南海召开党外人士座谈会，就《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》听取意见和建议
10月29日
中共中央政治局会议决定，十八届三中全会于11月9日至12日在北京召开
11月12日
十八届三中全会闭幕，通过《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》
“新华社昨日刊发《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》，该决定于2013年11月12日中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第三次全体会议通过。习近平受中央政治局委托，就《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》向全会作的说明，也于同天对外发布。”
三中全会研究什么议题
是判断新一届中央施政方针的重要依据
习近平在《决定》说明中指出，改革开放以来，历届三中全会研究什么议题、作出什么决定、采取什么举措、释放什么信号，是人们判断新一届中央领导集体施政方针和工作重点的重要依据，对做好未来5年乃至10年工作意义重大。
党的十八大之后，中央即着手考虑十八届三中全会的议题。党的十八大统一提出了全面建成小康社会和全面深化改革开放的目标，强调必须以更大的政治勇气和智慧，不失时机深化重要领域改革，坚决破除一切妨碍科学发展的思想观念和体制机制弊端，构建系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系，使各方面制度更加成熟更加定型。我们认为，要完成党的十八大提出的各项战略目标和工作部署，必须抓紧推进全面改革。
1992年，邓小平同志在南方谈话中说：“不坚持社会主义，不改革开放，不发展经济，不改善人民生活，只能是死路一条。”回过头来看，我们对邓小平同志这番话就有更深的理解了。所以，我们讲，只有社会主义才能救中国，只有改革开放才能发展中国、发展社会主义、发展马克思主义。
正是从历史经验和现实需要的高度，党的十八大以来，中央反复强调，改革开放是决定当代中国命运的关键一招，也是决定实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键一招，实践发展永无止境，解放思想永无止境，改革开放也永无止境，停顿和倒退没有出路，改革开放只有进行时、没有完成时。面对新形势新任务，我们必须通过全面深化改革，着力解决我国发展面临的一系列突出矛盾和问题，不断推进中国特色社会主义制度自我完善和发展。
当前，国内外环境都在发生极为广泛而深刻的变化，我国发展面临一系列突出矛盾和挑战，前进道路上还有不少困难和问题。比如：发展中不平衡、不协调、不可持续问题依然突出，科技创新能力不强，产业结构不合理，发展方式依然粗放，城乡区域发展差距和居民收入分配差距依然较大，社会矛盾明显增多，教育、就业、社会保障、医疗、住房、生态环境、食品药品安全、安全生产、社会治安、执法司法等关系群众切身利益的问题较多，部分群众生活困难，形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风问题突出，一些领域消极腐败现象易发多发，反腐败斗争形势依然严峻，等等。解决这些问题，关键在于深化改革。
要有强烈的问题意识 以重大问题为导向
习近平还就全会决定的总体框架和重点问题作出说明：
中央政治局认为，面对新形势新任务新要求，全面深化改革，关键是要进一步形成公平竞争的发展环境，进一步增强经济社会发展活力，进一步提高政府效率和效能，进一步实现社会公平正义，进一步促进社会和谐稳定，进一步提高党的领导水平和执政能力。
围绕这些重大课题，我们强调，要有强烈的问题意识，以重大问题为导向，抓住关键问题进一步研究思考，着力推动解决我国发展面临的一系列突出矛盾和问题。我们中国共产党人干革命、搞建设、抓改革，从来都是为了解决中国的现实问题。可以说，改革是由问题倒逼而产生，又在不断解决问题中得以深化。
全会决定起草，突出了5个方面的考虑。一是适应党和国家事业发展新要求，落实党的十八大提出的全面深化改革开放的战略任务。二是以改革为主线，突出全面深化改革新举措，一般性举措不写，重复性举措不写，纯属发展性举措不写。三是抓住重点，围绕解决好人民群众反映强烈的问题，回应人民群众呼声和期待，突出重要领域和关键环节，突出经济体制改革牵引作用。四是坚持积极稳妥，设计改革措施胆子要大、步子要稳。五是时间设计到2020年，按这个时间段提出改革任务，到2020年在重要领域和关键环节改革上取得决定性成果。
在框架结构上，全会决定以当前亟待解决的重大问题为提领，按条条谋篇布局。除引言和结束语外，共16个部分，分三大板块。第一部分构成第一板块，是总论，主要阐述全面深化改革的重大意义、指导思想、总体思路。第二至第十五部分构成第二板块，是分论，主要从经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明、国防和军队6个方面，具体部署全面深化改革的主要任务和重大举措。其中，经济方面开6条(第二至第七部分)，政治方面开3条(第八至第十部分)，文化方面开1条(第十一部分)，社会方面开2条(第十二至第十三部分)，生态方面开1条(第十四部分)，国防和军队方面开1条(第十五部分)。第十六部分构成第三板块，讲组织领导，主要阐述加强和改善党对全面深化改革的领导。
该干的还是要大胆干
“这次全会的任务就是讨论全会决定提出的全面深化改革的思路和方案”，在作说明时，习近平还提出了具体要求。
第一，增强推进改革的信心和勇气。改革开放是我们党在新的时代条件下带领人民进行的新的伟大革命，是当代中国最鲜明的特色，也是我们党最鲜明的旗帜。35年来，我们党靠什么来振奋民心、统一思想、凝聚力量？靠什么来激发全体人民的创造精神和创造活力？靠什么来实现我国经济社会快速发展、在与资本主义竞争中赢得比较优势？靠的就是改革开放。
面对未来，要破解发展面临的各种难题，化解来自各方面的风险和挑战，更好发挥中国特色社会主义制度优势，推动经济社会持续健康发展，除了深化改革开放，别无他途。
当前，在改革开放问题上，党内外、国内外都很关注，全党上下和社会各方面期待很高。改革开放到了一个新的重要关头。我们在改革开放上决不能有丝毫动摇，改革开放的旗帜必须继续高高举起，中国特色社会主义道路的正确方向必须牢牢坚持。全党要坚定改革信心，以更大的政治勇气和智慧、更有力的措施和办法推进改革。
第二，坚持解放思想、实事求是。高举改革开放的旗帜，光有立场和态度还不行，必须有实实在在的举措。行动最有说服力。中央决定用党的十八届三中全会这个有利契机就全面深化改革进行部署，是一个战略抉择。我们要抓住这个机遇，努力在全面深化改革上取得新突破。要有新突破，就必须进一步解放思想。
冲破思想观念的障碍、突破利益固化的藩篱，解放思想是首要的。在深化改革问题上，一些思想观念障碍往往不是来自体制外而是来自体制内。思想不解放，我们就很难看清各种利益固化的症结所在，很难找准突破的方向和着力点，很难拿出创造性的改革举措。因此，一定要有自我革新的勇气和胸怀，跳出条条框框限制，克服部门利益掣肘，以积极主动精神研究和提出改革举措。
提出改革举措当然要慎重，要反复研究、反复论证，但也不能因此就谨小慎微、裹足不前，什么也不敢干、不敢试。搞改革，现有的工作格局和体制运行不可能一点都不打破，不可能都是四平八稳、没有任何风险。只要经过了充分论证和评估，只要是符合实际、必须做的，该干的还是要大胆干。
第三，坚持从大局出发考虑问题。全面深化改革是关系党和国家事业发展全局的重大战略部署，不是某个领域某个方面的单项改革。“不谋全局者，不足谋一域。”大家来自不同部门和单位，都要从全局看问题，首先要看提出的重大改革举措是否符合全局需要，是否有利于党和国家事业长远发展。要真正向前展望、超前思维、提前谋局。只有这样，最后形成的文件才能真正符合党和人民事业发展要求。
昨天，新华社全文播发了习近平在十八届三中全会上所作的关于《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》(下称《决定》)的说明。
多名党建学者告诉北京青年报记者，十一届三中全会以来的历次三中全会，这是首次向社会公布《决定》说明。
习近平亲自作《决定》说明
根据十八届三中全会公报，全会听取和讨论了习近平受中央政治局委托作的工作报告，审议通过了《决定》。习近平就《决定(讨论稿)》向全会作了说明。
十一届三中全会以来历次三中全会公报显示，从十六届三中全会开始，由中央领导对提交全会审议的决定或建议讨论稿作说明。
比如，十六届三中全会上，吴邦国和温家宝分别就《中共中央关于修改宪法部分内容的建议(讨论稿)》和《中共中央关于完善社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定(讨论稿)》作说明。十七届三中全会上，回良玉就《中共中央关于推进农村改革发展若干重大问题的决定(讨论稿)》作说明。
中央党校党建教研部教授戴焰军接受北青报采访时介绍，十六、十七届三中全会，都是由分管具体领域的中央领导作说明。十八届三中全会聚焦“全面改革”，由总书记习近平亲自作说明，凸显了改革的权威性。
中央党校教授张希贤也表示，根据十一届三中全会以来的历次三中全会的公报，这是首次由总书记作《决定》说明。
《决定》说明首次对社会公开
习近平所作的《决定》说明全文共一万余字。北青报记者查阅新华社数据库发现，这是十一届三中全会以来，三中全会《决定》说明首次对社会公开。
根据《决定》说明，十八届三中全会文件起草组由习近平担任组长，刘云山、张高丽为副组长，相关部门负责同志、部分省市领导同志参加，在中央政治局常委会领导下进行全会决定起草工作。起草组从成立到成稿，历时7个月。
《决定》说明中提出，设计改革措施胆子要大、步子要稳。同时，这份《决定》要“突出全面深化改革新举措，一般性举措不写，重复性举措不写，纯属发展性举措不写”。此外，还要求改革“光有立场和态度还不行，必须有实实在在的举措”。
十八届三中全会会期4天，其中两个半天是大会，其余是分组讨论。《决定》说明鼓励参会者分组讨论时“增强推进改革的信心和勇气”。中央党校教授张希贤认为，这一要求有利于凝固改革共识。
《决定》全文一般全会闭幕一周内公布
十六、十七届三中全会审议并通过的决定，均为全会闭幕后7天才向社会公布。本次全会闭幕3天后即公布《决定》。
张希贤说，根据惯例，三中全会闭幕当天会发布“公告”，一周内公布会上审议通过的决定全文。戴焰军介绍说，《决定》全文公布时间应该没有硬性规定，全会闭幕后可能对《决定》文本进行部分修改，所以才会有“时间差”。
文/本报记者 关庆丰 邹春霞
起草组
组长：习近平
副组长：刘云山、张高丽
参加人员：相关部门负责同志、部分省市领导同志
7个月
文件起草组成立以来，在将近7个月的时间里，广泛征求意见，开展专题论证，进行调查研究，反复讨论修改。
3次
中央政治局常委会会议3次、中央政治局会议2次分别审议《决定》，《决定》征求意见稿还下发党内一定范围征求意见，征求党内老同志意见，专门听取各民主党派中央、全国工商联负责人和无党派人士意见。
在征求意见过程中，各方面共提出了许多好的意见和建议。中央责成文件起草组认真整理研究这些意见和建议，文件起草组对全会决定作出重要修改。
解读人：杨伟民
中央财经领导小组办公室副主任
参与《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》起草与修改工作
我听到很多参会人员说，没想到，很意外，改革力度前所未有。这充分体现了以习近平同志为总书记的党中央的改革决心和勇气，体现了新的中央领导集体有胆有识、敢于碰硬、勇于担当的气魄。
这次会议确定的主题是全面深化改革，这与十一届三中全会以来的前6次三中全会有所不同。
尽管前6次会议也都与改革有关，但主题仅是某一方面改革。这次则包括了经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明以及国防和军队改革、党的建设制度改革。
之所以确定这样的主题，一方面是为了与“五位一体”总体布局相适应，另一方面也是实践需要，当改革进入攻坚期、深水区，只有坚持全面改革，才能继续深化改革。
我们正处在跨越中等收入陷阱的阶段，下一步发展面临众多难题和风险，过去支撑快速增长的条件已经发生变化，我国已到了必须主要依靠改革红利释放活力、实现发展的阶段。这次把改革的时间目标定位在2020年，与全面建成小康社会的时间相一致，也是这个道理。
《决定》的定位是全面深化改革。与此同时，坚持问题导向原则，把经济体制改革作为全面深化改革的重点，发挥其对其他领域改革的“火车头”牵引作用。15个改革任务中，6个是经济，“生态文明”也与经济密切相关。经济占了所有改革任务近一半。之所以如此，主要考虑是，当前我国存在的问题，根本上说还是发展问题。推进经济持续健康发展是党和国家的首要任务。
通过一个好的《决定》固然重要，但要把改革任务落实下去，变为经济社会发展活力，变为国家治理能力，必须抓好落实。这次《决定》的落实是有保证的，体现在：组织落实，明确提出中央成立全面深化改革领导小组，负责改革总体设计、统筹协调、整体推进、督促落实；时间落实，鲜明提出到2020年完成《决定》提出的改革任务，改革进程是可检查、可评估的。这体现了新的中央领导集体抓工作踏石留印、抓铁有痕的精神。
《决定》2万字左右，涵盖15个领域、60个具体任务，中央财经领导小组办公室副主任杨伟民对《决定》的评价是：“句句是改革，字字有力度”。在他看来，每一句话的内涵十分丰富，落实下去都会使该领域的体制机制发生重大变化。
《决定》提出“6个紧紧围绕”，分别是经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明等6个领域的改革主线，反映各个领域改革的基本理念。
如第一个主线是“紧紧围绕使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用深化经济体制改革”，这就是说，基本经济制度、市场体系、财税金融、宏观调控等经济领域的所有改革，都要围绕这个主线来展开和推进。提出每个领域各自特定的主线和方向，不仅全面深化改革总的方向不会迷失，每个领域的改革也不会偏向。
本版稿件(除署名外)/新华社、《人民日报》
制图/沙楠
(原标题：三中全会《决定》说明首次公布)
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