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The author:(作者)hpmailerpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/17 8:58:31 Pang Lan： abolition of re-education through labour is a milestone in the rule of law in China
Abolition of re-education through labour is a milestone in the rule of law in China
Legal evening news in China – rule of law series reviews v
After 18 communiqué of the third plenary session, the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decision announced, further defined the General objectives of comprehensive reform, roadmap and timeline. Deepen reform, Rapids, dare crack a hard nut in question, has become the strongest voice of the times.
The judicial system is an important part of the political system, one of the focus of the reform is to deepen the reform of the judiciary. In addition to further ensure that the judicial authorities shall exercise judicial power independently and procuratorial powers, "decision", "abolition of re-education through labour system" 8 characters, so many mixed feelings.
Tang Hui, Yongzhou, Hunan girls forced into prostitution case in which the victim's mother, for repeatedly petitioning by the local public security authorities had "disturbing social order" by sentenced to re-education through labour. It is reported that upon hearing the news of the abolition of re-education through labour, Tang Hui to tears.
Neither 55 years reeducation-through-labour system meaning lies in education rather than punishment, should be targeted in criminal law "not online" minor crimes, such as prostitution, petty theft. Reeducation-through-labor system in order to maintain social stability and historic contribution to the crime prevention, but don't know where to start, "appealing to re-education through labour", "forward black comic is re-education through labour", "publishing inappropriate remarks in reeducation-through-labour" when news of the newspapers from time to time, reeducation-through-labour system become the target of misuse.
Reeducation-through-labour system is being abused, is because it is designed to bypass the relevant legal procedure-does not require prosecutors to review prosecution, does not require a court judgement, there is no public proceedings rely on, do not have the relevant agencies ... ... As jurist Chen Zhonglin told the media said, in the system of reeducation through labour, the public security organ when athletes and referees. In this way, even if the public security organ is unselfishness, nor does it preclude only proceeding from the unit's mandate, and unjust situation.
Reeducation-through-labour to quit the stage of history can be said to restrict important measures for expanded police powers. Next, we naturally think of the issues: China in the process of the rule of law, reform of the courts and procuratorates had strong starts, it will deepen the reform of the public security system? How to perfect the balance of public and checking, method of restraint?
Released two days ago "decided" also mentioned that to uphold the constitutional authority of the law, no organization or individual is privileged to be beyond the constitutional law, all acts violating constitutional law must be investigated. Followed by "the abolition of the system of reeducation through labour" can be said to be the best interpretation of this sentence. China's Constitution provides, People's Republic of China citizens ' personal liberty shall be inviolable. Any citizen, not approved by the people's Procuratorate or a people's Court decision or decision, and executed by a public security organ, and not be subjected to arrest.
Thus, the abolition of re-education through labour is to uphold the Constitution the authority of the milestone. The Constitution is the fundamental law of the country with the highest authority. Only to further improve the implementation of the Constitution supervisory mechanism and procedures, can we truly achieve the rule of law in China. We are looking forward to is, followed by further reviews, cleanse the doors of various laws, regulations, systems, enhanced to a new level of overall follow-up to the implementation of the Constitution, constitutional a law could apply, the most impressive.
Of course, there are follow-up questions need to be addressed after the abolition of re-education through labour. In this regard, the "decision" which mentioned the need to improve laws on illegal and criminal acts of punishment and correction, improving community corrections system.
"Punishment and correction law" as well as "community correction system" rule is not clear, but one thing is sure, in the process of the rule of law in China, we will continue to improve the level of legislation, constitutional authority, the legitimate rights and interests of citizens will get a maximum of maintenance. As the decision said, speeding up the construction of fair and efficient and authoritative Socialist judicial system, safeguard the people's interests, to ensure that people in every sense of fairness and justice in judicial cases.
"In every sense of fairness and justice in judicial cases", this is perhaps the ultimate hope for every ordinary person for the rule of law in China.
Lianhe zaobao commentator Pang Lan
废止劳教是法治中国里程碑
法制晚报——法治中国系列评论之五
继十八届三中全会公报之后，《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》公布，进一步明确了全面深化改革的总目标、路线图和时间表。深化改革、敢涉险滩、敢啃硬骨头，已经成为时代的最强音。
司法体制是政治体制的重要组成部分，司法改革是全面深化改革的重点之一。除了进一步确保司法机关依法独立行使审判权和检察权，“决定”当中“废止劳动教养制度”这8个字，让许多人心情复杂。
唐慧，湖南永州少女被迫卖淫案中受害者的妈妈，因多次上访曾被当地公安部门以“扰乱社会秩序”为由处以劳动教养。据报道，听到废止劳教的消息后，唐慧热泪盈眶。
存续了55个春秋的劳教制度本义在于教育而非处罚，针对的应该是刑法上“不够线”的轻微罪行，例如卖淫、小偷小摸。 劳动教养制度曾为维护社会稳定、预防犯罪做出了历史性贡献，但不知从何时开始，“上访被劳教”、“转发打黑漫画被劳教”、“发布不当言论被劳教”的新闻时不时见诸报端，被滥用的劳教制度成为众矢之的。
劳教制度之所以会被滥用，是因为它在设计上绕开了相关的法律程序——不需要检察机关审查起诉、不需要法院进行判决、没有公开的法律程序依托、也没有相关的机构监督……正如法学家陈忠林对媒体所说，在劳动教养制度当中，公安机关既当运动员，又当裁判员。这样一来，即使公安机关是出于公心，也不排除仅仅从本单位职责出发，而导致不公正的情况发生。
劳教退出历史舞台可以说是限制公安权力膨胀的重要举措。接下来，我们自然而然地就会想到这样一个问题：在法制中国的进程中，法院、检察院的改革已经强力启动，那么公安系统的改革将怎样深化？如何完善公、检、法相互制约的平衡关系？
前天公布的“决定”当中还提到，要维护宪法法律权威，任何组织或者个人都不得有超越宪法法律的特权，一切违反宪法法律的行为都必须予以追究。而紧随其后的“废止劳动教养制度”可以说是对这句话的最好诠释。我国宪法规定，中华人民共和国公民的人身自由不受侵犯。任何公民，非经人民检察院批准或者决定或者人民法院决定，并由公安机关执行，不受逮捕。
因而，废止劳教也是维护宪法权威的里程碑。宪法是国家的根本大法，具有最高权威。只有进一步健全宪法实施监督机制和程序，才能真正实现法治中国。我们期待的是，接下来进一步审查、清理各门各类的法律、法规、制度，把全面贯彻实施宪法提高到一个新水平，让宪法成为一部可以运用的、最给力的法律。
当然，废止劳教之后还有一些后续的问题需要解决。对此，“决定”当中也提到要完善对违法犯罪行为的惩治和矫正法律，健全社区矫正制度。
“惩治和矫正法律”以及“社区矫正制度”的细则尚不明晰，但可以确信的是，在法治中国的进程中，我们的立法水平将会不断提高，宪法的权威、公民的合法权益将会得到最大限度的维护。正如决定中所说，加快建设公正高效权威的社会主义司法制度，维护人民权益，让人民群众在每一个司法案件中都感受到公平正义。
“在每一个司法案件中都感受到公平正义”，这或许就是每一个普通人对法治中国的终极期盼。
本报评论员 庞岚
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