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The author:(作者)hpmailerpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/17 9:00:41 Wandering groups of urban fringe life survey
Xinhuanet, Beijing, November 17 (reporters and and Li Qian and and and Wang Qiufeng)-with the coming of winter, some city streets are often curled up in corners of the visible homeless. Due to mobility, the human identification difficult, difficult to manage, such special groups of social assistance has been in an awkward position. Who, then, where cold, broke them to a bowl of hot soup, a coat? Wandering groups of urban fringe of a rescue mechanism and how perfect?
Living on the streets, only to go home
Gao Xianquan, 59 years old, from Guangxi cenxi city, Chaoyang square in Nanning, Guangxi, pick through garbage for a living. Two years ago, in Guangdong to work 15 years failed to return the tens of thousands of dollars he had worked so hard to save money for a ticket home when Rob, all ID card with all their savings were pillaged and he became a man penniless and unable to prove their identity. Shelter assistance from Guangdong was he able to get back to Nanning. Due to old, helpless, Gao Xianquan opted to stay in Nanning pick through garbage to feed themselves.
While the Chaoyang square in Nanning city's most bustling business district, but Gao Xianquan squandered his busy every trash can flip back and forth in the square, you find a bottle is highly prized. "Paper catty 0.2 Yuan, bottles are catty 1.6 Yuan. "Gao Xianquan prices clearly remember, pick up a few more bottles meant he could eat the next day in a steamed bun.
People like Gao Xianquan Street in the city is not a lone case. On the streets of Nanning, Guiyang and other cities, people can always see them in rags or begging on the streets, or go through the trash, looking for people to throw away the scrap and food.
Relief management station, Nanning, according to statistics, the first ten months of this year alone, rescue stations helped more than 4,000 people. Master Lin Yuanlin estimated that as the weather gets colder, people came to the shelter for help will continue to increase.
For the upcoming winter, the Gao Xianquan worried: "my house is gone, I had nowhere to live, and I will be 60 next year, and workers had no energy, and no identification ... ..."
In response, Lin Yuanlin introduction, when the temperatures drop, Nanning city has launched emergency plans to increase inspection manpower on the streets, homeless received shelter assistance in distress, found that patients seek medical advice in a timely manner, some reluctance to accept rescue personnel, distribution of clothing and food for them.
Predicament facing grass-roots relief agencies and rescue and anti-cheat
For the urban homeless, under current rules, government departments cannot compel them to accept help. In reality, the majority of vagrants and beggars have some income to survive, and some used the Odyssey, unwilling to accept it.
Meanwhile, street officers quite a mixed bag. Outside a shopping mall in Guiyang City, the "son" very sick "mother" on the street, a piece of white cloth over old man, says mother dying on the floor, begging passersby endures to give medical treatment for the elderly.
"As soon as they saw us inspections from the ground up and ran. "Guiyang salvation station Vice head of the station said Luo Fuyong, this type of professional deception vagrants and beggars, relatively high mobility up to snuff is invalid, encounter arbitrariness of mindless, stepped forward to persuade or are in danger of being attacked. These people think that shelter is broken "Giro".
Luo Fuyong introduction, many homeless even love them. As long as they remember home and would be willing to return home, aid stations will adopt the "stop" help buy homeless short distance train ticket back home. However, a number of "tramp" professional run ticket cheat, get the train ticket refunded money after, then continue to the next station deception. Despite the face shield with "Government aid, not no switching," "rescue ticket, transfer is not valid" or a watermark, but some professional liars can figure out Zhang Yin to erase and refund money.
Reporter also discovered that a lot of public sympathy for the homeless people of the city, but all these worries give them a helping hand. "Watch the news on a variety of racketeering, it can't easily tell them from approaching, felt guilty, but still misses the security key, if they are bad? "Nanning people miss Qiu said.
Luo Guoan Guangxi Academy of social sciences researcher believes that, in the real bailout process, society quite a mixed bag, how to identify people who really need help Rover rescue measures to test the wisdom of relevant departments city administration.
Southwest University of political science and law Professor Cheng Dean said, defrauding people for begging, relevant departments should improve the collection of income, insurance, medical identification and integrity of identification systems to achieve sharing of Government information, allows law enforcement agencies to information more accurate grasp of the floating population.
Luo Fuyong, next, in order to eliminate the phenomenon of running lie, they will give relief issued with "watermark" invoice, ticket window specified has the capacity to act on their own to lead, if refund, tickets will be returned directly to the relief agencies on the account.
Help the homeless get through winter looking forward to force the parties to
Now is increasingly cold weather in northern China, the South will also graduate this winter. Although alien to the homeless and the glossy cities, but they also need space and security. Care for underprivileged groups reflect the level of civilization of a city. How to get them to be better protected, be placed before city managers to crack.
Luo Fuyong said shelter home alone, power is relatively weak, requires the participation of the community to create synergy through the grid management form a normal search and rescue. He explained that the current Guiyang has provided 32 units involved in the management of urban vagrants and beggars of rescue work, and lays down the specific duties of each House, clear objective assessment, in accordance with the principle of territorial management layer implemented, and identifies the public security, urban vagrants and beggars in the street the official has the obligation to persuasion and escort it to the shelter.
Cheng Dean believes that aid system designed to ensure that aid to the homeless is Essentia. He said, there are currently assistance system is still single, save the information incomplete, understanding and identification of the local source of floating population difficult, encounter cheats personnel professional street begging, just rely on the Government to raise the level of anti-spoofing "is not realistic". He suggested that a unified identification system, such as income, insurance, medical, to ensure mastery of the floating population information is more accurate.
Luo Guoan, and sources of income for some disability groups, appropriate endowment, five guarantees system in China, local governments should strengthen the group visits and placements to prevent them from living in a strange city, "only from the source, travellers ' interests can be better safeguarded. ”
新华网北京11月17日电 (记者覃星星、李黔渝、王秋凤)随着冬天来临，一些城市的街头常可见蜷缩在不同角落的流浪人员。由于流动性大、身份识别难、难管理，这类特殊群体的社会救助一直处于尴尬境地。那么，谁能在天寒地冻之时给予身无分文的他们一碗热汤、一件棉衣？现有救助城市边缘流浪群体的机制又该怎样完善？
流落街头，只有回不去的家
高贤权今年59岁，来自广西岑溪市，在广西南宁市朝阳广场靠捡垃圾为生。两年前，在广东打工15年没有回家的他带着辛辛苦苦积攒下的几万元钱准备买票回家时遭遇抢劫，所有积蓄连同身份证一同被抢，他一下子成了一个身无分文且无法证明自己身份的人。受救助站帮助，他才得以从广东回到南宁。由于老家无依无靠，高贤权选择留在南宁靠捡垃圾养活自己。
尽管朝阳广场是南宁市最为繁华的商圈，但高贤权无暇顾及，他忙碌在广场上的每一个垃圾桶来回翻找，每找到一个瓶子都如获至宝。“废纸每斤0.2元，瓶子是每斤1.6元。”高贤权对价格行情记得很清楚，多捡几个瓶子就意味着他第二天可以多吃到一个馒头。
像高贤权这样在城市街头流浪的人并不是孤例。在南宁、贵阳等城市街头，人们总能看到一些衣衫褴褛的他们，要么在街头乞讨，要么翻遍各个垃圾桶，寻找着人们扔掉的废品和食物。
据南宁市救助管理站统计，仅今年前十个月救助站就救助了4000多人。站长林源林估计，随着天气变冷，前来救助站求助的人将继续增加。
对于即将到来的冬天，高贤权充满担忧：“老家房子没了，我回去也没地方住，我明年就60岁了，打工没力气了，而且也没身份证……”
对此，林源林介绍，一旦气温下降，南宁市将启动应急预案，增加上街巡查人力，将遇到困难的流浪人员接到救助站给予救助，发现病患及时送医，对一些确实不愿意接受救助的人员，将为他们发放防寒衣物和食品。
基层救助机构面临救助与反骗困局
对于城市流浪人员，根据现行规定，政府部门不能强制要求他们接受救助。在现实中，大部分流浪乞讨人员有一些收入维持生存，有的习惯长期流浪，不愿接受救助。
与此同时，街头流浪人员鱼龙混杂。在贵阳市一家大型商场门口，“儿子”把病重的“母亲”带上街头，一块白布搭在老人身上，地上写着母亲病危，求路人施舍钱财给老人医病。
“他们一看到我们来巡查马上从地上爬起来就跑。”贵阳市救助站副站长罗福勇说，这类专业行骗的流浪乞讨人员，流动性较大，规劝无效，遇到蛮横不讲理的，上前劝导还有被攻击的危险。这些人认为进救助站反而是断了“财路”。
罗福勇介绍，不少流浪人员甚至利用爱心行骗。只要他们记得家乡和有意愿归乡，救助站会采取“分站式”救助买短程火车票送流浪人员回家。但是，一些“流浪汉”专业跑票骗票的，在得到火车票后退票换钱，再去下一站继续行骗。尽管票面盖有“政府救助、不退不换”“救助车票、转让无效”等章或水印，但一些专业骗子能想办法将章印抹去，退票换钱。
记者在采访中也发现，不少市民对流浪城市的人们充满同情，但种种顾虑让他们收回了帮助之手。“看多了各种敲诈勒索的新闻，实在是不敢轻易跟他们接近，虽然心里也内疚，但还是想着安全重要，万一他们是坏人呢？”南宁市民邱小姐说。
广西社科院研究员罗国安认为，在现实救助过程中，社会人员鱼龙混杂，如何甄别那些真正需要帮助的流浪者进而采取救助措施考验着相关部门城市管理的智慧。
西南政法大学教授程德安说，针对乞讨行骗人员，相关部门应完善集收入、保险、医疗等身份识别及诚信度识别系统，实现政府信息共享，使得执法机关对流动人口信息的把握更加准确。
罗福勇表示，下一步，为了杜绝跑票骗票现象，他们将给救助对象开具带“水印”的发票，有行动能力的就自己去指定售票窗口领票，如果退票，票款会直接返还到救助机构账户上。
助力流浪人员度过寒冬期待各方给力
目前我国北方天气正日渐寒冷，南方也将逐渐入冬。尽管流浪人员与光鲜亮丽的城市格格不入，但他们同样需要生存空间和生活保障。对社会底层群体的照顾体现出一个城市的文明水平。如何让他们获得更好的保障，成为摆在城市管理者面前的一道难题。
罗福勇说，单靠救助站一家，力量比较薄弱，需要社会共同参与形成合力行动，通过网格化管理形成常态化搜救。他介绍，当前贵阳市已经规定32家协作单位参与城市流浪乞讨人员管理救助工作，并规定了各家的具体职责，明确目标考核，按照属地管理原则层层落实，并明确了公安、城管在街上执行公务时遇流浪乞讨人员有劝导和护送其到救助站的义务。
程德安认为，从救助制度设计上确保对流浪人员的救助才是治本之策。他说，目前国内救助体系仍比较单一，救助信息残缺，流动人口本地信息源的把握和身份确认比较难，碰到专业流浪乞讨行骗人员，仅靠政府提高反欺骗水平“并不现实”。他建议，建立统一的收入、保险、医疗等身份识别系统，以确保对流动人口信息的把握更加准确。
罗国安表示，对于一些确实丧失劳动能力和收入来源的群体，我国有相应的养老、五保等制度，地方政府应加强对这类人群的查访和安置，避免他们流落在陌生的城市，“只有从源头抓起，流浪人口的权益才能得到更好保障。”
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