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The author:(作者)hpmailerpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/19 11:36:29 Deputy Director of the central part： the intersection of administrative reform interests contradiction
Xinhuanet, Beijing, November 17 (reporters Huang Xiaoxi and and Hua Chunyu)-18 consideration of the third plenary session of the party by the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decisions to accelerate the transformation of government functions and deepening administrative system reform to make the deployment.
Around issues related to administrative reform, an interview with Xinhua, the central organ establishment Committee Office Deputy Director Wang Feng.
"The power structure directly related to the reform of administrative government departments adjustments adjustment of sector interests to a certain extent, interweaving various conflicting interests and complex issues, many times not open around, eluded. "Wang Feng said, boosting administrative system reform to emancipate their minds, determined to crack a hard nut, dare to question you throw at the same time, reform is a gradual process, and insist on steady improvement," guts to large and steady pace. "
Comprehensive deepening reform of the administrative system is an integral part of
Reporter: 18 plenary session to an overall deepening of reform has made overall arrangements, in your opinion, of administrative system reform in the overall deployment in what position?
Wang Feng: deepening the reform of administrative system reform an integral part of comprehensive reform. Plenary on economic, political, social, cultural, ecological, and party building and other areas of significant reform initiatives and requirements, both directly and indirectly related to government management system, management functions, management, and even some of the structure and staffing adjustments, these are all important elements of the administrative system. This comprehensive reform highlights the systemic, holistic, synergistic, I understand that the reform of the administrative system of the integrated features, is to grasp "four together."
One is in conjunction with the overall objectives of comprehensive reform, administrative reform to be conducive to the improvement and development of the Socialist system with Chinese characteristics, which helps promote governance system and management of modernization of the State;
Second is to partner with major initiatives to deepen reform, to be submitted in accordance with the decision of the "six are centered around" requirement, targeted solutions to advance reforms in all areas involved in issues related to institutional mechanisms, functional configuration and set-up etc, the reform measures to promote systemic integrity;
Third is the coordination and deepen reform of priorities, focusing on economic reform that is in accordance with requirements, highlight the administrative system reform in the economic sphere, through the administrative system reform of traction in the economic field and related reforms in other fields;
Step that is four and deepen reform of cooperative, insistence on top and "the stones" combining insisted the overall advancement and breakthroughs in combination, good grasp of the steady improvement in the overall tone, step by step, gradually expanding it.
In short, deepening the reform of administrative system reform in a comprehensive overall layout plan, in the full implementation of the reform process to advance, decisive results achieved by 2020 to achieve the overall objective of administrative reform.
Government and market two sets of wheels "four wheel drive" a stable and healthy development of economy
Reporter: the decision made, the market plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources, and give better play to the role of Government. From the perspective of administrative system reform, how to understand and grasp these two roles?
Wang Feng: transforming government functions is the core of deepening the reform of administrative system reform, focusing on the transformation of Government economy management functions, after all, is how to deal with the relation between Government and market. This is an old problem, but also a new subject.
Plenary session presented play "two" point of view, it is adapting to the new situation and new tasks, adhere to emancipate the mind, keeping pace with the significant theoretical innovation of, directly related to the orientation of government functions, how to go, where to go for government functions is of fundamental significance.
On one hand, decisive role in the market in the allocation of resources is the General rules of the market economy, play a decisive role in the market of demanding that the Government can play a role in market matters to the market, effective intervention, offside returned to the Government. The other hand, not all play a decisive role in the market, but also to better play the role of Government, which is inevitable demand of the superiority of socialist market economy.
In accordance with this request, is to make the Government the tube tube tube well, absent Government places to fill up. "Two" complementary advantages, combined with organic, complementary and mutually reinforcing, and this should be a feature of socialist market economy, we should unswervingly adhere.
It's like driving vehicles on the road, generally rely on a set of wheels to drive normal traffic, but if you have a special section encountered potholes or muddy roads, you need another set of wheels also driven up, in this case, four wheel drive to keep the vehicle stable. Of course, this analogy is not necessarily appropriate, the purpose is to illustrate the "both" functional relationship.
Transformation of government functions is the critical and breakthrough point of administrative examination and approval system reform
Reporter: transforming government functions is the core of administrative reform, how can we grasp this core to advance this reform?
Wang Feng: transforming government functions and to catch the key, grab the breakthrough, the critical and breakthrough point is the reform of the administrative examination and approval system was greatly reduced and decentralization of administrative approval procedures, and decentralization. This Administration has solid strides have been taken in this regard. To date, the State Department has been cancelled and delegation of more than 300 items of administrative examination and approval matters such as reform preliminary effect to emerge. Not long ago, central to local government reform efforts have also been made to deploy, an article in the first place is to transform government functions, cancel and delegation of administrative approval items.
Follow the plenary session "two" requirement, I think it also continued to promote the reform to further step up efforts to reform in this area. Delegation of approval is crucial to increase the cancellation of their quality, improve relevant matching measures, real businesses, so that the community, so that people feel, enjoy the results of the reform, stimulate market development of entrepreneurial activity the maximum.
Full and correct implementation of government functions should have received
Reporter: you mentioned that Government departments do not offside, while decentralization, how to better carry out its function of government departments?
Frank Wang: this is the decision of the full and correct implementation of the proposed functions of the Government. This includes further out the functions need to be strengthened, development strategies, planning, policy, standards and other aspects of development functions, strengthen market supervision, strengthening the provision of various types of public services, and so on. These are an important part of the functions of the Government.
Needs to be stressed is to strengthen market supervision. It is understood that vigorously canceled and delegation of administrative approval items of the State Council, reducing barriers, decentralization invigorating at the same time, pay close attention to research and ex post regulation how, how to perfect the system of market regulation measures and approaches. That is on one side to decentralization, would govern properly, both, punches, while simultaneously to force is required, the only way to guarantee the orderly operation of the market economy.
Accelerating the institution reform is to better provision of public services
Reporter: a series of deployments the decision on the reform of institutions, how should we view this reform?
Wang Feng: accelerating the institution reform, aims to provide better public services. This is full and correct implementation of an important initiative of government functions. This reform is being carried out as planned, ordered, of which work largely completed classification of departments and institutions under the State Council, on an urgent basis.
With the development and progress of society, the Government needs to increase the purchasing power of the public service to meet the people's needs. To put it bluntly, is that the Government does not spend or less dependant, to spend money or money-do. In this regard, the reform calls for further in accordance with the principle of separation of politics and straighten out the relationship between Government and public institutions, promotion of Administration institution, phasing out administrative level, speed up the establishment of corporate governance structure in public institutions, improve the quality and level of service. Also pushing some conditional institutions into enterprises or social organizations, the establishment of various institutions and unify the registration management system.
To deepen institutional reforms to promote functional transformation
Reporter: the decision proposed optimization reform of governmental structures, dangzhengqun, optimize administrative settings, what are the links to these reforms?
Wang Feng: transforming government functions and necessary requirement for deepening the institutional reform, because the institution is the functioning of the platform, is the vehicle of administration systems. Practice has proved that sometimes if you don't mind mechanism, function is blocked. Much of this need to actively and steadily push forward the reform and further clarifying the Division of responsibilities among government departments, settle the bad functioning, institutional setting scientific unreasonable, does not operate smoothly, inadequate efficiency issues. To straighten out the relationship between Central Government and local authority, clear central authority, the Central and local common scope of authority to act, as well as local authority, improve the system of government functions, strengthen the responsibility to implement it.
At the same time, in accordance with the requirements of the new-type urbanization and optimize administrative settings; conditional places to explore, such as promoting the reform of provinces directly lead the counties. Of course, reform to adhere to sound policy, strictly in accordance with prescribed procedures and approval, especially in the area of adjustment of administrative division, counties city to prevent the occurrence of acts of disorder and end up competing.
Reforms to maximize the utilization of current staffing
Reporter: compilation issue has been the focus of public concern. The decision made to strictly control set-up, you talk about how to manage resources?
Wang Feng: the decision states that: "the strict control of establishments, strictly according to the requirements level is equipped with leading cadres, reduce the number of establishments and the number of leadership positions, strictly control the total amount supported by finance personnel. Promoting establishments of scientific management, standardization and legalization. "This institutional strengthening development management put forward new and higher requirements, has a strong reality of the pointed, practical implementation. It is currently is trying to catch something big. New central editorial board have made clear requirements, the key is determined to control increases, stressing that reform should be prepared, prepared by the management, information technology to produce.
Current management situation is faced by institutions, total personnel number, the structure doesn't make sense, and some departments and local people better off, even some sector overstaffing, some localities and departments, however tight manpower. To change this situation, to strengthen the institutions to prepare rigid constraints. All localities and departments shall be prepared in strict accordance with established institutions, staffing and the number of leadership positions, in the authorized strength and the number of leadership positions within the administrative staff. Strict control and organisations to produce incremental reduction and maximize set-up utility resources. B innovation organization management. Proper handling of strict controls and meet the needs of contradictions to explore effective forms and methods of Government purchases of services, more to do on limited resources, potential, improve its methods of work, improve efficiency, changed the increase of one aspect of its functions or the work would be prepared by the institutions, practices, establish a new management philosophy. Three institutions to prepare must be tightened discipline. Strict compliance with the laws, regulations and policies institutions, no administrative preparation and career preparation mix, higher authorities intervene lower set-up is strictly prohibited. Health establishments of supervision and coordination mechanism, increase the intensity of violations investigated, maintain the seriousness and authority of agency management.
(Original title: the steady improvement of boosting administrative system reform--interview with Deputy Director of the central part)
新华网北京11月17日电 (记者黄小希、华春雨)党的十八届三中全会审议通过了《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》，对加快转变政府职能、深化行政体制改革等作出部署。
围绕行政体制改革的相关问题，新华社记者采访了中央机构编制委员会办公室副主任王峰。
“行政体制改革直接关系政府部门权力格局的调整，某种程度上也是部门利益的调整，各种利益矛盾和复杂问题交织，许多时候绕不开、躲不过。”王峰说，推进行政体制改革要解放思想，下决心敢于啃硬骨头，敢于涉险滩；同时，改革也是一个循序渐进的过程，要坚持稳中求进，“胆子要大、步子要稳”。
行政体制改革是全面深化改革的有机组成部分
记者：十八届三中全会对全面深化改革作出了总体部署，在您看来，行政体制改革在总体部署中处于什么位置？
王峰：深化行政体制改革是全面深化改革的有机组成部分。全会提出的经济、政治、社会、文化、生态和党的建设等诸多领域的重大改革举措和要求，都直接间接地涉及政府的管理体制、管理职能、管理方式，甚至包括一些机构和人员编制的调整，这些都属于行政体制改革的重要内容。这次全面深化改革突出强调系统性、整体性、协同性，我理解对行政体制这项具有综合性特点的改革来讲，就是要把握好“四个协同”。
一是与全面深化改革的总体目标相协同，行政体制改革要有利于完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，有利于推进国家治理体系和治理能力的现代化；
二是与全面深化改革的重大举措相协同，要按照《决定》提出“六个紧紧围绕”的要求，有针对性地解决推进各领域改革中涉及的相关体制机制问题、职能配置和机构设置问题等，促进各项改革措施的系统性完整性；
三是与全面深化改革的重点相协同，这就是按照以经济体制改革为重点的要求，突出经济领域的行政体制改革，通过经济领域的行政体制改革牵引和带动其他领域的相关改革；
四是与全面深化改革的方法步骤相协同，坚持顶层设计和“摸着石头过河”相结合，坚持整体推进和重点突破相结合，把握好稳中求进的总基调，循序渐进，逐步推开。
总之，要把行政体制改革放在全面深化改革的总体布局中去谋划，放在全面实施改革的全过程中去推进，到2020年取得决定性成果，实现行政体制改革的总目标。
政府和市场两组车轮“四轮驱动”经济平稳健康发展
记者：《决定》提出，使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用。从行政体制改革的角度看，如何理解和把握这两个作用？
王峰：深化行政体制改革的核心是转变政府职能，重点是转变政府的经济管理职能，说到底就是如何处理好政府与市场的关系。这既是个老问题，也是一个新课题。
三中全会提出发挥“两个作用”的观点，这是适应新形势新任务，坚持解放思想、与时俱进所做出的重大理论创新，直接关系政府职能定位，对政府职能怎么转、向哪里转具有根本性指导意义。
一方面，市场配置资源的决定性作用是市场经济的一般规律，发挥市场决定性作用就是要求政府把市场能够发挥作用的事项一律放给市场，切实做到不干预，把政府越位的地方退回来。另一方面，发挥市场决定性作用并不是全部作用，还要同时更好地发挥政府作用，这也是社会主义市场经济优势的必然要求。
按照这一要求，就是要把政府该管的事管住管好，把政府缺位的地方要补上去。“两个作用”优势互补、有机结合、相辅相成、相得益彰，这应该是社会主义市场经济的一大特色，要毫不动摇地加以坚持。
这就好比行驶在马路上的车辆，一般情况下靠一组车轮去驱动即可正常行驶，但如果遇到特殊路段，遇到坑坑洼洼或泥泞湿滑的路段，就需要另一组车轮也驱动起来，在这种情况下，四轮驱动才能保持车辆的平稳行驶。当然，这个比喻不一定恰当，目的就是想说明“两个作用”的职能关系。
转变政府职能的关键和突破口是行政审批制度改革
记者：转变政府职能是行政体制改革的核心，我们如何抓住这个核心来推进这项改革？
王峰：转变政府职能要抓关键、抓突破口，这个关键和突破口就是行政审批制度改革，就是大力减少和下放行政审批事项，实行简政放权。本届政府已经在此方面迈出坚实步伐。到目前为止，国务院已经取消和下放了300多项行政审批等事项，改革成效初步显现。前不久，中央对地方政府改革工作也已作出部署，摆在首位的一条就是转变政府职能，取消和下放行政审批事项。
按照三中全会“两个作用”的要求，我认为还要持续不断推进这项改革，进一步加大这方面的改革力度。关键是要增加取消下放审批事项的含金量，完善相关配套措施，真正让企业、让社会、让老百姓感受到、享受到这项改革的成果，最大限度激发市场主体的发展创业活力。
全面正确履行政府职能要有收有放
记者：您刚才提到了政府部门不要越位，在简政放权的同时，政府部门如何更好地履行职能？
王峰：这就是《决定》提出的全面正确履行政府职能。这包括进一步明确需要加强的职能，比如发展战略、规划、政策、标准等方面的制定职能，加强市场监管，加强各类公共服务的提供等。这些都是政府职能的重要内容。
需要强调的是加强市场监管。据了解，国务院在大力取消和下放行政审批事项，降低准入门槛、放权搞活的同时，将抓紧研究如何加强事中和事后监管、如何完善市场监管体系的措施和办法。这就是说一边要简政放权、一边要管住管好，两者缺一不可，都需要同时发力、同时给力，只有这样才能保障市场经济的有序运行。
加快事业单位分类改革是为了更好地提供公共服务
记者：《决定》对事业单位改革进行了一系列部署，我们应如何看待这项改革？
王峰：加快事业单位分类改革，目的在于更好地提供公共服务。这也是全面正确履行政府职能的一项重要举措。这项改革目前正在按计划有序展开，其中国务院部门所属事业单位的分类工作大体完成，地方也在抓紧进行。
随着社会的发展进步，政府需要加大对公共服务的购买力度以满足人民群众的需求。说白了，就是政府不花钱或少花钱养人，要花钱或多花钱办事。对此，改革要求进一步按照政事分开的原则，理顺政府和事业单位关系，推进事业单位去行政化，逐步取消行政级别，加快建立事业单位法人治理结构，提高公共服务的质量和水平。还要逐步推进一些有条件的事业单位转为企业或者社会组织，建立各类事业单位统一登记管理制度。
深化机构改革推动职能转变
记者：《决定》提出了优化政府组织结构、统筹党政群机构改革、优化行政区划设置等，这些改革有哪些指向？
王峰：转变政府职能必然要求深化机构改革，因为机构是行使职能的平台，是行政体制的载体。实践证明有时候如果不下决心动机构，职能转变必然受阻。这就需要积极稳妥地推进大部制改革，进一步明确部门之间的职责分工，解决职能关系不顺、机构设置不科学不合理、运行不顺畅、效率不够高等问题。还要理顺中央与地方的事权关系，明确中央事权、中央和地方共同事权以及地方事权的范围，完善政府职能体系，强化责任落实。
同时，要按照新型城镇化的要求，优化行政区划设置；有条件的地方探索推进省直管县改革等。当然，改革要坚持积极稳妥的方针，严格按规定程序审批，特别是在行政区划调整、县改市等方面，防止发生相互攀比和失序行为。
改革要最大限度提高现有编制利用率
记者：编制问题一直是社会关注的焦点。《决定》提出要严格控制机构编制，请您谈谈如何管理好编制资源？
王峰：《决定》指出：“严格控制机构编制，严格按规定职数配备领导干部，减少机构数量和领导职数，严格控制财政供养人员总量。推进机构编制管理科学化、规范化、法制化。”这对加强机构编制管理提出了新的更高的要求，具有很强的现实针对性，要切实贯彻落实。这是当前相关方面正在努力抓的一件大事。新一届中央编委已经提出明确要求，关键是下决心先控制住增量，强调向改革要编制，向管理要编制，向信息技术要编制。
当前编制管理面临的状况是机构偏多，人员总量偏多，结构不太合理，有的部门和地方人员比较宽裕，甚至一些部门人浮于事，有些地方和部门却人手偏紧。改变这种状况，一要强化机构编制刚性约束。各地各部门应严格按规定设置机构、配备人员编制和领导职数，在核定的行政编制和领导职数内配备人员。严格控制和减少机构编制增量，最大限度提高机构编制资源效用。二要创新机构编制管理。妥善处理严格控制与满足需求的矛盾，探索政府购买服务的有效形式和办法，把有限的财力更多地用于办事上，挖掘潜力，改进工作方式方法，提高效率等，改变以往一增加某一方面的职能或工作就要机构、要编制的做法，树立新的管理理念。三要严肃机构编制纪律。严格遵守机构编制各项法律法规和政策，严禁行政编制和事业编制混用，严禁上级部门干预下级的机构编制事项。健全机构编制监督检查和协调机制，加大违法违纪行为查处力度，维护机构编制管理的严肃性和权威性。
(原标题：稳中求进推进行政体制改革——访中央编办副主任)
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