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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/21 1:33:23 Beijing to 8 specific classes implement a parking 3 minutes flameout
Yesterday, the consideration at the 14th session of the Standing Committee of the seventh meeting in Beijing was amended after the formation of the Beijing air pollution prevention and control regulations (draft). For previously quite by concern of "parking over 3 minutes flameout" advocate also is forced of problem, draft in principle heavy in boot citizens consciously, is not set punishment, but will school, and hotel, and Mall, and Park, and Office places, and community, and hospital of around and parking, not effects vehicles normal driving of lots classified for specific regional, in these regional, motor vehicle driver in parking 3 minutes above of should goes out engine, but still is not provides clear penalty is. In addition, the Bill also made other modifications based on the original and perfect.
Change 1
Parking 3 minutes a specific regional extinction
Last month, the city people's Congress Law Committee held legislative hearing on the "Super 3 minute stall parking" the feasibility of a legislative hearing. 9 hearing statements out of the vast majority of statements advocate endorsed the introduction of a parking stall system, arguing that this measure can be effective in reducing motor vehicle emissions. At the same time, statements are compulsory who advocates to pursue and set penalties to make different perspectives.
Will Hou, legal Committee in conjunction with legislation related sector for has seriously research, read has Hong Kong, and Taiwan and United States, and Japan, of related legislation system, objective analysis has social cognitive degree, and masses environmental consciousness, and environment quality situation and law enforcement power, factors, integrated consider has multifaceted views, think: this regulations in provides advocate introduced parking flameout of based Shang, for specific regional (in school, and hotel, and Mall, and Park, and Office places, and community, and Around the hospital and does not affect normal traffic of vehicles such as parking lots) should require drivers to parking for more than 3 minutes off when the engine at the same time, taking into account the heavy boot of this Ordinance citizens consciously practicing eco-driving, implement a parking stall system wide dissemination in the community and, therefore, does not set the appropriate punishment.
Accordingly, it is recommended to modify the regulations to, "encourage eco-driving in the city, reducing motor vehicle emissions. In schools, hotels, shopping malls, parks, around the Office, community, hospital and does not affect normal traffic of vehicles such as parking lots, vehicle drivers park their vehicles for three minutes or more should go off when the engine. ”
≫> interpretation
Without execution is best advocate
Director, Center for public and environmental affairs in Beijing Mr Ma believed that parking 3 minutes ignition key is if we can implement without implementation capacity, it is best to only do an advocacy rather than inclusion of regulatory requirements.
Mr Ma said that from a scientific point of view, parking close to a minute stall is less impact on the environment, as more vehicles boot, studies have shown that parking for 45 seconds more stalling than not misfire and emission reduction, but returned to practice, when the extinction is difficult to determine, particularly on the drive links, which shouldn't have stalled many times based on the driver's judgment. "No way to law enforcement, not with legislation. "Mr Ma said, because once the legislation without real implementation, will affect the seriousness of law, as well as the credibility of the Government.
Change 2
Remove aggregates emissions trading system
Revised version of draft article 53rd "progressive implementation of emissions of major air pollutants in the city index trading system, municipal environmental protection Administrative Department of aggregates, in conjunction with relevant departments to develop emissions trading measures." Opinion of the legal Committee, the current efforts to combat air pollution in the city's main task is to reduce pollutant emissions, so didn't do the emissions trading system would provide, proposed to delete the clause.
Strictly control the total is a prerequisite for trading
Mr Ma said pollution gross control of emission reduction is one of the main problems facing relatively lax law enforcement strict enough. If the volume is not strictly under the control of the emission rights trading, possible outcomes are "transaction, rather than emission reduction". He said only a more stringent CAP-and has been cut, then new and existing businesses will have an incentive to choose more efficient enterprises to buy them after the reduction the rest of indicators, and finally through this process, achieving emissions reductions. But if the volume is not strictly controlled, then traded, bought, and therefore received a benefit, but emissions were not achieved.
Change 3
Increase exposure of illegal companies blacklist
Had been proposed in order to avoid emissions, seriously pollutes the atmospheric environment of the company and its owner, should be exposed to the community, increase the punishment for violations, the rule of law based on the above comments, the Committee, the proposed increase: "municipal environmental protection Administrative Department for illegal discharge of pollutants into the atmosphere, the corresponding list of Heads of enterprises and their punishment, to the public. ”
Information disclosure to mobilize social forces to participate in
It was very good. Mr Ma said that illegal low cost of lax law enforcement, businesses, as well as some local government protection, and in such cases, to public scrutiny is very important. Through the involvement of other forces in society, including media exposure, bank credit put green and even some investors, purchasers can also put pressure on businesses. Mr Ma said that, for example, automobile manufacturers when purchasing steel, if a there were serious irregularities in iron and steel enterprise, then you don't have to buy it for the community to put pressure on it in every way.
≫> Reporter visits
Driver: longer parking stall
3 minute stall designated for parking 8 modification of such regional programmes, last night, reporter visited a number of supermarkets, hospital parking lot owners. Most drivers said they rarely stopped for more than 3 minutes without stalling, but there are also a small number of drivers that have been several hours without stalling for open air experiences.
"Now oil money so your, even not out provides, I also does not so long time not flameout", taxi driver Li Shifu said, engine in idle speed (not flameout engine idling) of situation also is fee oil, themselves General in roadside parking are is buy things or dinner, but has never are is flameout Hou only car, "sometimes, traffic lights of time long I are flameout".
Is waiting for his wife's shopping fan and Master Li's view, he believed that no matter what the situation, will not let the car idle for a long time, "one is the car and a fuel-guzzling, open air conditioning breaks that air flow is not practical."
Mr Fan believes that Beijing really ought to control the behavior of air pollution, this provision in place, although it might not immediately see results, "but from the details picked up, one step at a time, and is still active."
Last night, Miss Chow to work in peace in coal in the hospital parking lot, and others, she has not stalled but blows warm air, Miss Chou believes that it was cold out there, so start the car blows warm air. After the reporter told Miss Chow yesterday introduced the draft, said Miss Zhou, while punitive measures had not been introduced, but her own, such as the absence of exceptional circumstances would comply with this draft, because "if being able to see the blue sky in Beijing was more important."
-Related news
Special funds for the development of tourism on the retention or irregular
Yesterday morning, the 14 session of the seventh meeting of the Standing Committee heard a report on tourism development of the municipal government. It is understood that the audit found that the special funds for the project of Beijing Tourism immature balance cannot be completed, some tourism projects and other issues.
Part of fixed assets not accounted for
Reports indicate that the audit found that 7 such as Fangshan, Huairou County Tourism Authority have been completed, $ 91 languages panorama, 228 tourist traffic signs and 3 country park assets are not accounted for. Municipal Tourism Commission and County Tourism Commission has not been developing inspection and acceptance of the project, such as asset management and maintenance systems.
Part of the funds are not paid in full
Some self-funding is not fully in place in time. Extending audit found that 2012 folk village construction and public services to improve the tourism environment tourist Park, Fengtai Wang Zuonan Palace tourist installations in the public service, as well as Habitat Valley in zhangfang town environmental upgrading of self-financing of the project implementation units were not in place, involving project subsidy of 40.3 million dollars. Longqingxia big scenic lift and allocated financial resources depth development project funding is not accounted for separately according to regulations, could not confirm the usage of funds.
Special funds are not earmarked
Part of the Special Fund for recurrent operational expenditures. Last year, the municipal Tourism Commission schedule industry supervision in special funds, such as regular item 61, with a value of 92.5259 million Yuan, accounting for 9.27% of special funds. 5 projects of special funds to arrange day trips to market governance, involving 8.5917 million Yuan, from the publicity and promotion of service quality of tourism industry tourism Advanced Unit in the expenditure of project funds such as recognition, topic 426,900 Yuan.
This edition interview Xinhua correspondents Zhang Ran Wang Shuomei
(Original title: "stop 3 minute stall" quasi-8 region-specific)
昨天，北京市第十四届人大常委会第七次会议审议了修改后形成的《北京市大气污染防治条例（草案）》。针对此前颇受关注的“停车超过3分钟熄火”倡导还是强制的问题，草案原则上重在引导公民自觉，未设处罚，但将学校、宾馆、商场、公园、办公场所、社区、医院的周边和停车场等不影响车辆正常行驶的地段划为特定区域，在这些区域，机动车驾驶员在停车3分钟以上的应当熄灭发动机，但仍未规定明确罚则。此外，草案还在原有基础上进行了其他修改和完善。
变化1
停车3分钟特定区域熄火
上个月，市人大法制委员会召开立法听证会，就“停车超3分钟熄火”的可行性进行了立法听证。9位听证陈述人中的绝大多数陈述人都对倡导推行停车熄火制度表示赞同，认为这一措施可以有效减少机动车污染排放。同时，陈述人就倡导推行还是强制实行并设处罚提出了不同观点。
会后，法制委员会会同立法相关部门进行了认真研究，查阅了香港、台湾和美国、日本等的相关立法制度，客观分析了社会认知程度、群众环保意识、环境质量状况和执法力量等因素，综合考虑了多方面意见，认为：本条例在规定倡导实行停车熄火的基础上，对于特定区域（在学校、宾馆、商场、公园、办公场所、社区、医院的周边和停车场等不影响车辆正常行驶的地段）应当要求驾驶员在停车3分钟以上时熄灭发动机；同时，考虑到本条例重在引导公民自觉践行环保驾驶，在社会上广泛宣传实行停车熄火制度，因此，未设定相应处罚。
据此，建议将条例修改为，“本市鼓励环保驾驶，减少机动车污染排放。在学校、宾馆、商场、公园、办公场所、社区、医院的周边和停车场等不影响车辆正常行驶的地段，机动车驾驶员在停车三分钟以上时应当熄灭发动机。”
>>解读
如无执行力最好只倡导
北京公众与环境研究中心主任马军认为，停车3分钟熄火的问题关键在于能不能执行，如果没有执行能力的话，最好只做一个倡导，而不要列入法规的要求。
马军说，从科学的角度来说，停车接近一分钟熄火就对环境的影响要小些，因为车辆启动时排放较多，研究表明，停车45秒熄火就比不熄火减排要多，但回到实践中间，什么时候该熄火却很难判断，特别是在行驶路段上，该不该熄火很多时候要基于司机的判断。“没办法执法，就不要去立法。”马军说，因为一旦立法，却不能真正执行，会影响到法律的严肃性，以及政府的公信力。
变化2
删除排放总量指标交易制
草案修改稿第五十三条规定“本市逐步实施主要大气污染物排放总量指标交易制度，市环境保护行政主管部门会同有关部门制定排放总量指标交易实施办法”。法制委员会认为，目前本市大气污染防治工作的主要任务是尽快压减污染物排放总量，因此对排污交易制度没做规定，建议删除该条。
严控总量是进行交易的前提
马军说，污染减排面临的一个主要问题就是总量控制比较松懈，执法不够严格。而如果在总量没有严格控制的情况下进行排污权的交易，可能的结果是“有交易，而不一定有减排”。马军表示，只有总量控制比较严格，而且不断削减，那么新进来的和既有的企业才会有动力去选择更有效率的企业去购买它们减排后剩下的指标，最后通过这样的过程，实现减排。但如果总量没有严格控制，那么进行交易，有人买了，有人因此获得了收益，但减排却没有实现。
变化3
增加曝光违法企业黑名单
有代表提出，对违法排污、严重污染大气环境的企业及其负责人，应向社会曝光，加大对违法行为的惩治力度，法制委员会根据上述意见，建议增加：“市环境保护行政主管部门对违法向大气排放污染物、受到相应处罚的企业及其负责人名单，向社会公布。”
信息公开调动社会力量参与
这是非常好的。马军说，执法不严、企业的违法成本低，以及一些地方政府的保护，在这样的情况下，公众的监督很重要。通过社会其他力量的介入，包括媒体的曝光，银行实行绿色信贷，甚至一些投资者、采购商也可以对企业施压。马军说，比如，我们的汽车生产厂家在采购钢铁时，如果某个钢铁企业存在严重违规，那么可以不购买它的产品，让社会的各个方面都向它施压。
>>记者探访
司机：长时间停车应该熄火
针对停车3分钟熄火划定8类区域的修改方案，昨晚，记者走访多家超市、医院停车场内的车主。大部分司机表示自己很少会停车3分钟以上不熄火，但也有少部分司机表示为了开空调曾经有多个小时不熄火的经历。
“现在油钱这么贵，就算不出规定，我也不会那么长时间不熄火”，出租车司机李师傅表示，发动机在怠速（不熄火发动机空转）的情况也很费油，自己一般在路边停车都是买东西或者吃饭，但是从来都是熄火后才下车，“有时候等红绿灯的时间长我都熄火”。
正在等妻子购物的范先生与李师傅的看法相同，他认为无论是什么情况，都不会让汽车长时间怠速，“一个是对车不好，一个是费油，就算开着空调休息，那空气不流通也心里不踏实”。
范先生认为，北京确实该对这些污染空气的行为进行治理，这个规定出台虽然可能短期内不会看到什么成效，“但是从细节抓起，一步一步来，还是比较积极的”。
在和平里上班的周小姐昨晚在煤炭医院的停车场内等人，她并没有熄火而是吹着暖风，周小姐认为外面天气很冷，所以才发动汽车吹暖风。记者告知周小姐昨天出台的草案后，周小姐表示，虽然惩罚措施还未出台，但她自己如无特殊情况会遵守这一草案，因为“在北京如果天天能看到蓝天还是更重要的”。
□相关新闻
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昨天上午，市十四届人大常委会第七次会议，听取了市政府关于旅游业发展情况的报告。据了解，审计发现，北京旅游专项资金存在项目不成熟导致无法完工、部分旅游项目结余资金过多等问题。
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报告显示，经审计发现，房山、怀柔等7个区县旅游委对已经完成的91块5种文字全景牌、228块旅游交通标志牌和3个郊野公园的资产均未入账。市旅游委和相关区县旅游委均未制定项目的检查验收、资产管理和后期维护等制度。
部分资金未足额到位
部分项目自筹资金未足额及时到位。延伸审计发现，2012年民俗村旅游环境建设与公共服务设施提升、丰台王佐南宫旅游博览园旅游公共服务设施改造，以及张坊镇仙栖谷环境提升等项目实施单位的自筹资金未到位，涉及项目补助金额4030万元。财政拨付的龙庆峡大景区提升及资源深度开发项目资金，未按规定单独核算，无法确认资金使用状况。
专项资金未专款专用
部分专项资金用于经常性业务支出。去年，市旅游委在专项资金中安排了行业监管类等经常性项目61个，涉及金额9252.59万元，占专项资金的9.27%。如用专项资金安排一日游市场治理等5个项目，涉及资金859.17万元，从旅游行业服务质量宣传与推广项目资金中支出了旅游系统先进集体表彰、课题费等42.69万元。
本版采写京华时报记者张然王硕梅天一
（原标题：“停车3分钟熄火”拟特定8类地区）
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