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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/21 1:37:25 Nanjing unveils a haze emergency programme： red flags in the closure of schools
Yesterday, the Nanjing City Board of Education officially launched the Nanjing municipal education system pollution weather emergency work programme by asking the schools directly under the District Education Bureau, designate a person responsible for the heavy pollution weather emergency work. Air pollution early-warning and emergency command center in Nanjing Office through the public media and other channels after the release on heavy pollution weather alerts, according the warning level to start when the first emergency programmes.
Yangtse evening post reporter Wang 璟
Principal frustration: every day watering
"There are many construction projects around our school, coupled with bad weather, school was always dirty. Children outdoor sports, it is dusty. In desperation, the new term school hired someone to watering twice a day, try to mitigate pollution harm. "A high school principal in Nanjing said helplessly, harmful environmental pollution on the health of adolescents, in such cases, to undertake appropriate education in schools, including reminding students to go out wearing masks.
It is understood that entering the winter season, Nanjing high incidence of fog and haze weather trends, since October, except for certain days when air quality was good, but most of the time, the air quality pollution State of Nanjing. "Pollution weather encounter, how to take a child to carry out sports activities become a worry. "A primary school principal in Nanjing told reporters that if kids for outdoor sports in contaminated environments, and worries about pollution affecting the health of children. So, what kind of weather can organize kids what kind of activities and related measures needed.
"Red alert" when schools
Yesterday, the Nanjing municipal education system pollution weather emergency work programme announced. Under the rules, air pollution reaches yellow (General) warning, the school organized outdoor activities should be reduced, children and those with heart and lung disease, idiosyncrasy, students should remain indoors and outdoor staff reduce outside working hours or to take protective measures, school building construction site, increasing the water spray dust suppression by frequency.
Orange (heavier) warning, stop students outdoor sports and other courses, the school stop student outdoor activity, take the necessary protective measures. Children and people with heart and lung disease, the specific physical fitness student has to stay indoors and avoid physical exertion. Staff to avoid outdoor activities, reinforcement must be in protective measures of outdoor workers. In addition, you should also stop school under construction in earthwork construction site job, do a site dust control measures.
Red (critical) when an alert, the closure of schools and the publication of notices, will be closed due to no-notice to student care, enhance worked as a student nurse, to take all necessary protective measures. Schools also need to stop all construction works, inter alia, must stick to positions and staff to telecommute.
On request, air pollution early-warning and emergency command center in Nanjing Office of pollution weather alert lifted after the announcement that schools should resume normal teaching order in a timely manner. Nanjing City Board of education requested, should be geared to teachers and students by level and type of school's extensive environmental protection and pollution of the atmosphere weather self-protection knowledge education, teaching students how to master the polluted weather conditions of the basic common sense, to enhance students ' awareness of environmental protection.
Focus on three questions
Various colors of early warning is what does that mean?
AMBER Alert: may appear or PM10 or PM2.5 24 hour Super 150 analysed by sub-index, predicting the next 48 hours may exceed 100. Within 24 hours of the haze may appear or has reduced visibility to less than 3,000 metres.
Orange alert: may appear or PM10 or PM2.5 24 hour Super 200 analysed by sub-index and predict the future 24 hours may exceed 150, 24 hours may appear or has reduced visibility to less than 2000 metres in haze.
Red Alert: 12 hours may appear or PM10 or PM2.5 analysed by sub-index over 300, 12 hours or there is haze visibility is less than 1000 meters.
Red flags in Nanjing with them?
Yangtse evening post reporter learned that air pollution in Nanjing and Nanjing municipal government, introduced in late January this year, the work programme on early warning and emergency measures. In 10 months, issued a red alert, but had two orange alert has been issued. This year, for the first time on January 26, most recently on November 8, Nanjing air quality index (AQI) 221, to five levels of severe pollution.
Under the programme, under the Orange alert, in addition to advocating less stopped moving vehicles, with a focus on Enterprise cap emissions, production, production, phases in the foundation stage, ground works, landscaping, and other easy dust pollution site construction and transit of waste should be stopped.
Suspension notice served timely?
Not only is Nanjing, Beijing Municipal Education Commission also provides: when you encounter the serious air pollution, primary and secondary schools and kindergartens will be closed.
However, another problem with the attendant. Just last month, 21st Harbin experience haze weather. 7, the same day, the weather station has released haze fog in Orange alert and red alert signal. 7:20, many primary and middle school students in primary and secondary schools closed informed parents.
At this point, there have been many students came to the school in advance. In front of the school, student's car was parked on the road. Many people questioned, contingency plans when we can truly "emergency"? When the distribution channels can be more efficient and effective?
(Edit: SN091)November 21, 2013 Yangtse evening post(南京出台雾霾应急方案：红色预警时学校停课|红色预警|南京|预警_新闻资讯
昨天，南京市教育局正式出台了《南京市教育系统污染天气应急处置工作方案》，要求各区教育局、直属学校指定专人负责重污染天气应急处置工作。在南京大气污染预警与应急指挥中心办公室通过公共媒体等渠道发布有关重污染天气预警后，要在第一时间根据预警等级自行启动应急处置方案。
扬子晚报记者 王璟 张可
校长无奈：每天都要浇水
“我们学校周围有很多施工项目，加上天气不好，学校里总是灰蒙蒙的。孩子们一进行户外运动，更是尘土飞扬。无奈之下，新学期学校专门雇人每天两次浇水，尽量缓解污染带来的伤害。”南京一位中学校长无奈地表示，环境污染对青少年的身体健康有害，在这样的情况下，学校要开展相应的教育，包括提醒学生出门戴口罩。
据了解，进入秋冬季节，南京的雾霾天气成高发趋势，10月以来，除个别日子空气质量良好外，大多数时间里南京市的空气质量处于污染状态。“遇到污染天气，如何带孩子开展体育活动就成了伤脑筋的事。”南京一位小学校长告诉记者，如果让孩子在污染的环境下还进行户外运动，会担心污染影响孩子健康。因此，什么样的天气能组织孩子什么样的活动，急需出台相关的措施。
“红警”发布时学校停课
昨天，《南京市教育系统污染天气应急处置工作方案》正式出台。根据规定，大气污染达到黄色(一般)预警时，学校应减少组织学生户外活动，儿童及心脏病、肺病患者、特异体质学生应留在室内，户外工作人员减少户外工作时间或采取防护措施，学校在建施工工地增加洒水降尘频次。
橙色(较重)预警时，学校停止学生户外体育等课程、停止学生户外活动，采取必要的防护措施。儿童及心脏病、肺病患者、特异体质学生必须留在室内，避免体力消耗。工作人员则要避免户外工作，增强必须在户外作业人员的防护措施。此外，还应停止学校内在建施工工地的土石方作业，做好现场扬尘管控措施。
红色(严重)预警时，学校停课并及时发布通知，做好因未接到停课通知到校学生的看护工作，加强对留校学生的看护，采取一切必要的防护措施。学校内全部施工工程也要停止，除必须坚守的岗位外，教职员工实行弹性工作制。
根据要求，南京市大气污染预警与应急指挥中心办公室发布污染天气预警解除通告后，学校应及时恢复正常教学秩序。南京市教育局同时要求，各级各类学校应面向师生广泛开展大气环境保护和污染天气下自我防护知识教育，教会学生掌握污染天气条件下的基本保护常识，增强学生的环境保护意识。
焦点三问
各种颜色的预警都是什么意思？
黄色预警：24小时内可能或已出现PM10或PM2.5分指数超150，预测未来48小时可能超100。24小时内可能或已出现能见度小于3000米的霾。
橙色预警：24小时内可能或已出现PM10或PM2.5分指数超200，且预测未来24小时可能超150，24小时内可能或已出现能见度小于2000米的霾。
红色预警：12小时内可能或已出现PM10或PM2.5分指数超300，12小时内可能或已出现能见度小于1000米的霾。
红色预警南京发过没有？
扬子晚报记者了解到，南京市政府今年1月下旬出台《南京市大气污染预警与应急处置工作方案》。10个月以来，并未发布过红色预警，但发布过两次橙色预警。第一次是今年1月26日，最近一次是11月8日，当时南京空气质量指数(AQI)达到221，为五级重度污染。
根据《方案》，橙色预警下，除倡导停驶少驶车辆，重点企业限排、限产、停产，处于基础阶段、土方作业、园林绿化阶段等易产生扬尘污染的工地应停止施工和渣土转运。
停课通知能否及时送达？
不只是南京，北京市教委日前也出台规定：遇到空气严重污染时，中小学、幼儿园将停课。
不过，另一个问题随之而来。就在上个月21日，哈尔滨出现雾霾天气。当天早上7点，气象台先后发布霾橙色预警和大雾红色预警信号。7点20分左右，许多中小学生家长才接到中小学停课一天的通知。
此时，已经有很多学生提前赶到了学校。在一些学校校门口，接送学生的私家车停在路上。不少市民质疑，应急预案何时能真正“应急”？发布渠道何时能更快捷有效？
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