Go homepage(回首页) Upload pictures (上传图片) Write articles (发文字帖)
The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/21 1:38:56 State-owned enterprises， such as financial budgeting significant information to the general public
-Our reporter Zhou Fen cotton
The CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decision several provisions concerning the system of State-owned enterprise reform. In today's press briefing of the State Council, said Yang Weimin, Deputy Director of the Office of the central financial leading group, China's reform of State-owned enterprise reform from the outset as a central component of the economic system, currently at 90%, setting up a modern system of State-owned enterprises above. Now, State-owned enterprise reform will usher in a second orgasm, can be said to be the second step in reforming State-owned enterprises.
Parts of State-owned enterprises debt ratios higher operational difficulties
Yang Weimin said that the reform of State-owned enterprises after the first period, despite significant progress, but there are some problems. Mainly, the shareholding system in State-owned enterprises and non-public capital ratios are too low; high rates of some State-owned enterprises liabilities, operational difficulties, and business managers in State-owned enterprises, administrative appointments are over-represented, market selection low monopoly monopoly crowding out other industry development space; the monopoly State-owned enterprises are often poor service, charging high fees.
The CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decision in total 60 reform measures, Yang Weimin referred to it as "comprehensive reform 60".
Yang Weimin said that used to perform the four-word policy on reforming State-owned enterprises, namely the "catch". But now, a new awareness about the State-owned enterprise capital. 60 clear comprehensive reforms, public-owned economy and the non-State-owned economy is an important component of the Socialist market economy, an important foundation of China's economic and social development. Must unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public ownership economy, adhere to the dominant position of public ownership, State-owned economy to play a leading role, and constantly enhance the State-owned economic vitality, power and influence. At the same time, must be unwavering to encourage, support and guide the non-public ownership economy development, stimulation of non-public ownership economic vitality and creativity. Inviolability of ownership economic property, inviolability of the non-public ownership economic property of the same.
Based capital strengthening supervision of the State-owned assets
Yang Weimin said that before the State-owned enterprises reform, was the man, semi-retired pipe capital. 60 clear comprehensive reform, based on capital strengthening supervision of the State-owned assets. Reform the system of authorized operation of State-owned capital, the formation of a number of State-owned capital operation companies, support conditional on restructuring of State-owned enterprises into State-owned investment company. State-owned capital operation serve national strategic goals, more on national security, the lifeline of the national economy's important industries and key fields, focusing on the provision of public services, the development of an important forward-looking strategic industry, protection of the ecological environment, support of scientific and technological progress, the protection of national security.
On capital management, a comprehensive reform of article 60 proposes reform packages, that is actively developing mixed ownership economy. Clear State-owned, collective, non-public capital, such as cross shareholding, merging of mixed ownership, is the major form of realization of basic economic system, benefit of amplification, preserve and increase the value of State-owned capital, improve competitiveness and facilitate complementarity, mutual promotion and common development of various forms of ownership capital. Allowing more State-owned economic and other sectors of the economy developed into a mixed-ownership economy. Allow non-State capital investment projects of State-owned capital shares. Allow mixed ownership economy Enterprise employee stock ownership, capital owners and workers formed the community of interests.
2020 year of State-owned enterprises paid dividend of 30%
An important element in the reform of State-owned enterprises were, transferred to the part-State-owned capital to enrich social security fund. Perfecting the system of State-owned capital operation budget, increase the proportion of State-owned capital gains paid public finance in 2020, increased to 30%, more used to safeguard and improve people's livelihood.
Comprehensive reforms made under section 60, promote improve the modern enterprise system in State-owned enterprises. State-owned enterprises is to promote the modernization of the State, safeguard common benefits important power of the people. State-owned enterprises, in General, have been combined with market economy, marketization and internationalization must be adapted to the new situation, to regulating business decision-making, asset value, engage in fair competition, improve efficiency, enhance vitality, focusing on social responsibility of enterprises, to further deepen the reform of State-owned enterprises.
Advancing the opening of financial budget of State-owned enterprises
60 clear comprehensive reform, the establishment of professional manager system, better play an entrepreneurial role. How to deepen the internal management personnel, workers can be hired out, income can be increased to reduce institutional reform. Employment of State-owned enterprises to reasonable increase in market share reasonably determined and strictly regulate the treatment of remuneration levels of the managers of State-owned enterprises, job, post consumer, business spending.
Exploration of promoting information disclosure of financial budgets and other major State-owned enterprises. Industry analysts believe that this is a major breakthrough in the reform of State-owned enterprises. Some State-owned enterprises, extravagant, excessive hospitality, as financial budget does not open, it is difficult for outsiders to know, any future information disclosure of its financial budget and other major State-owned enterprises, will be subject to community supervision.
According to Yang Weimin explained that now management implementation classification management of State-owned enterprises. This is reflected in article 60 is the overall reform, accurately defining the different functions of the State-owned enterprises. State-owned capital to increase investment in public enterprises, and make a greater contribution in the provision of public services. Continued holding of State-owned capital management of natural monopoly industries, based on separation of separate funding, franchising, government supervision as the main content of the reform, according to industry implementation of transport separately, let go of competitive business, promote market-oriented allocation of public resources. To further break administrative monopoly in all its forms.
Beijing, November 20
(Original title: State-owned enterprise reform will usher in a second round of orgasm)
□本报记者周芬棉
《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》多项条款涉及国企制度改革。在今天国务院新闻发布会上，中央财经领导小组办公室副主任杨伟民称，我国改革一开始就把国企改革视为经济体制改革的中心环节，目前九成以上国有企业建立了现代制度。现在，国企改革将迎来第二轮高潮，可以说是国企改革的第二步。
部分国企负债率偏高经营困难
杨伟民说，国有企业经过前一时期的改革，虽取得重大进展，但也存在一些问题。主要表现为，在股份制国有企业中，非公有制资本比例过低；一些国企负债率偏高，经营困难；在国企经营管理人员中，行政任命比例过高，市场选聘偏低；垄断行业利用垄断地位挤占其他行业发展空间；垄断国企往往服务差、收费高。
《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》中共有60条改革措施，杨伟民将其简称为“全面改革60条”。
杨伟民说，以前对国企改革执行四字方针，即“抓大放小”。但现在，对于国有企业国有资本有了新的认识。全面改革60条明确，公有制经济和非公有制经济都是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分，都是我国经济社会发展的重要基础。必须毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，坚持公有制主体地位，发挥国有经济主导作用，不断增强国有经济活力、控制力、影响力。同时，必须毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展，激发非公有制经济活力和创造力。公有制经济财产权不可侵犯，非公有制经济财产权同样不可侵犯。
以管资本为主加强国有资产监管
杨伟民说，国企之前的改革，是管人、管事还管资本。全面改革60条明确，以管资本为主加强国有资产监管。改革国有资本授权经营体制，组建若干国有资本运营公司，支持有条件的国有企业改组为国有资本投资公司。国有资本投资运营要服务于国家战略目标，更多投向关系国家安全、国民经济命脉的重要行业和关键领域，重点提供公共服务、发展重要前瞻性战略性产业、保护生态环境、支持科技进步、保障国家安全。
就资本的管理来说，全面改革60条也提出改革方案，即积极发展混合所有制经济。明确国有资本、集体资本、非公有资本等交叉持股、相互融合的混合所有制经济，是基本经济制度的重要实现形式，有利于国有资本放大功能、保值增值、提高竞争力，有利于各种所有制资本取长补短、相互促进、共同发展。允许更多国有经济和其他所有制经济发展成为混合所有制经济。国有资本投资项目允许非国有资本参股。允许混合所有制经济实行企业员工持股，形成资本所有者和劳动者利益共同体。
2020年国企上缴红利达30%
国企改革的一项重要内容是，划转部分国有资本充实社会保障基金。完善国有资本经营预算制度，提高国有资本收益上缴公共财政比例，2020年提高到30%，更多用于保障和改善民生。
全面改革60条提出，推动国有企业完善现代企业制度。国有企业是推进国家现代化、保障人民共同收益的重要力量。国有企业总体上已经同市场经济相融合，必须适应市场化、国际化新形势，以规范经营决策、资产保值增值、公平参与竞争、提高企业效率、增强企业活力、承担社会责任为重点，进一步深化国有企业改革。
推进国企财务预算公开
全面改革60条明确，建立职业经理人制度，更好发挥企业家作用。要深化企业内部管理人员能上能下、员工能进能出、收入能增能减的制度改革。国有企业要合理增加市场化选聘比例，合理确定并严格规范国有企业管理人员薪酬水平、职务待遇、职务消费、业务消费。
探索推进国有企业财务预算等重大信息公开。业内分析认为，这是国企改革的一项重大突破。有些国有企业，大手大脚，招待费过高，由于财务预算不公开，外人很难知道，将来一旦国有企业将其财务预算等重大信息公开，就会接受社会各界的监督。
据杨伟民解释，现在对国企的管理实施分类管理。这体现在全面改革60条中的就是，准确界定不同国有企业的功能。国有资本要加大对公益性企业的投入，在提供公共服务方面作出更大贡献。国有资本继续控股经营的自然垄断行业，实行以政企分开、政资分开、特许经营、政府监管为主要内容的改革，根据不同行业特点实行网运分开、放开竞争性业务，推进公共资源配置市场化。进一步破除各种形式的行政垄断。
本报北京11月20日讯
(原标题：国有企业改革将迎来第二轮高潮)
赞