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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/21 1:39:16 Supreme Court： no violation of law decisions vary according to local stability
Authorities wide nets, Beijing, November 21 (reporter Sun Ying), according to voice of the authorities wide news coverage, wronged and misjudged cases is an enemy of judicial public faith, how to prevent to have a system of rules, this morning, the Supreme People's Court issued the Declaration on prevention of wronged and misjudged cases.
This view all 27 articles, divided into 5 aspects of a clearly defined, first of all, in the first part, explicitly adhere to the fundamental principles of Criminal Procedure establish the scientific concept of Justice, which adhere to the principle of respecting and safeguarding human rights, protect innocent persons from criminal prosecution. Also mentioned that adhere to the principles of independent judicial power should be exercised according to law, not hype party petition, because public opinion pressures, such as visiting and local stability decision violates the law. In addition, also refers to adhere to the principle of procedural fairness, upholding the principle of public trial, upholding the principle of evidence to judge. Referred to therein, the defendant is found guilty, does sufficient evidence standard of proof should apply.
In the second most specifically made an explicit provision on the evidence examination mechanism. Which emphasized that the conviction should stick to the doubt in cases of insufficient evidence from the principle of free, legally declared innocent, judgement of room cannot be downgraded. And have a really full but the impact of sentencing evidence evidence in doubt, should be made in favour of the defendant at the time of sentencing, death penalty cases found that insufficient evidence of the accused, the fact that application of the death penalty shall not be sentenced to death.
Which has a clear evidence, investigation, effectively changing the attitudes and practices of confession first, focus on review and application of the physical evidence. Only the defendants in the absence of other evidence cannot be established the guilt of the accused, the exclusion of illegal evidence, further defined the use of torture to extract confessions, or cold, hungry, drying, roasting, fatigue hearing the confessions of the accused and other illegal methods to collect are excluded, which also calls for the murder should be reviewed through the victim's close relatives, identification, fingerprint, DNA identification and other means to determine the identity of the victim.
Part III provides for compliance with due process, mechanisms for enhanced case and presented a trial Chamber as the center of this theory. Investigation of factual evidence in court, conviction and sentencing debated in court, the referee resulted also in the Court, evidence has not been produced in court testimony identifying the court investigation procedures verified cannot be used as the basis for deciding cases. The clothing also provides a careful implementation of case guard duties, perfecting the audit oversight mechanisms and give full play to function of, establish and perfect restriction mechanism besides the two most essential elements.
(Original title: the Supreme People's Court: no violation of law decisions vary according to local stability)
央广网北京11月21日消息（记者孙莹）据中国之声《央广新闻》报道，冤假错案是司法公信的大敌，如何防范要有制度规范，今天上午，最高人民法院发布《关于防范冤假错案意见》。
这个意见共27个条文，分5个方面进行了明确的规定，首先在第一部分，明确规定坚持刑事诉讼基本原则树立科学的司法理念，其中提出坚持尊重和保障人权原则，保障无罪的人不受刑事追究。还提到，坚持依法独立行使审判权原则，不能因为舆论炒作当事方上访、闹访和地方维稳等压力做出违反法律的裁判。另外，还提到了坚持程序公正原则，坚持审判公开原则，坚持证据裁判原则。其中提到，认定被告人有罪，应当适用证据确实充分的证明标准。
在第二大部分，专门就证据审查机制做了明确的规定。其中强调，定罪证据不足的案件应当坚持疑罪从无原则，依法宣告被告人无罪，不能降格作出留有余地的判决。并对证据确实充分但影响量刑的证据存疑的，应当在量刑时做出有利于被告人的处理，死刑案件认定对被告人适用死刑的事实证据不足的，不得判处死刑。
其中还明确重证据、重调查研究、切实改变口供至上的观念和做法，注重实物证据的审查和运用。只有被告人供述没有其他证据的不能认定准被告人有罪，在非法证据排除中，进一步明确了采用刑讯逼供或者冻、饿、晒、烤、疲劳审讯等非法方法收集的被告人供述都要排除，其中还要求对于命案应当审查是否通过被害人近亲属辨认、指纹鉴定、DNA鉴定等方式确定被害人的身份。
在第三部分规定了遵守法定诉讼程序，强化案件审理机制，提出了一个以审判庭为中心的这种理论。事实证据调查要在法庭，定罪量刑辩论在法庭，裁判结果形成也要在法庭，证据未经当庭出示辨认质证等法庭调查程序查证属实的不能作为定案的根据。这个衣意见还规定了认真执行案件把关职责，完善审核监督机制以及充分发挥各方职能作用，建立健全制约机制另外两大部分的主要内容。
（原标题：最高人民法院：不得因地方维稳作出违反法律裁判）
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