Go homepage(回首页) Upload pictures (上传图片) Write articles (发文字帖)
The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/23 17:22:18 Modified food safety law expert advice
Legal expert petitioned the State Department statement on food safety law changes remove "personal silence on food safety" 14 recommendations – in case of a problem, such as food and personal exposure
The Food Safety Act (draft amendment draft) is now being made public for comments until the end of the month, all walks of life can log information network in China's legal system (the State Council Legislative Affairs Office official website) to submit the suggestion.
Peking University law school Associate Dean Shen Kui to the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council sent out yesterday on the food safety law (Amendment draft) number of observations (hereinafter "Submissions"), think food safety information cannot be for any Government and its departments and monopolized by any organization or any individual, personal exposure problem foods. If regulators did not fulfil their responsibilities and dereliction of duty for food safety accidents, than take five.
Professor Shen attention to food safety issues over the years, his identity is the National Social Science Fund project "risk management field research on food safety under the rule of law," head of the subject.
Professor Shen told the legal evening news said in an interview with a reporter in the morning, total control of the food safety division of responsibilities, epidemiological investigation of food safety accidents and other 14 questions put forward their amendments.
Information factual information can be published
Draft regulations, the country announced to establish a unified food safety information system. Any unit and individual publications may have a significant impact on society or food industry food safety information, a prior to food production and operation enterprises, industry associations, research institutions, food safety supervision and management departments to verify.
Draft for special emphasis, no unit or individual is allowed to publish unverified information on food safety, not food safety fabricating and spreading false information.
Opinion believes that in the midst of the food safety administration, risk communication (or risk communication) is very important, related to the interests of food safety management systems among the various actors.
"Based on the principle of risk communication, information dissemination cannot be for any Government or its departments, monopolized by any organization or any individual. Otherwise, the result information is blocked or distorted. "Error this morning, Shen told the legal evening news said in an interview with a reporter.
Draft food safety basic exclusive right to distribute the information to the State food and drug supervision and administration departments, provincial governments, as well as the food safety supervision and management departments at or above the county level, considered the submissions, in terms of information disclosure will not be able to achieve effective social governance results.
Emergency drills food companies have an obligation to prevent and control risk
Draft regulations, enterprises engaged in food production should be developed for food safety accident disposal program, regularly check the implementation of food safety measures in enterprises, elimination of food safety accidents in a timely manner. To encourage enterprises engaged in food production and food safety accident emergency drills.
Submissions believes that food safety accident emergency drills for the cultivation and promotion of food safety accident emergency response capacity is of great significance, it should be the obligation of the enterprises engaged in food production, legislation should not only be to encourage enterprises engaged in food production for the walkthrough.
Regulators failed problem than take five
Law on behalf of provides, violation food security law provides, County above place people's Government in food security supervision management in the not fulfilled duties, not implementation food security supervision management accountability and according to provides carried out food security work comments assessment, and not implementation standard and work funding, and not according to provides organization developed and implementation food security annual supervision management plans or not according to provides report and organization disposal food security accident,, this administrative appeared major food security accident, or caused serious social impact of, According to the local people's Government directly responsible for the persons in charge and other personnel directly responsible for demerit, demotion, dismissal or dismissal for disciplinary actions constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
Violation this law provides, County above food security supervision management sector or other about Executive sector not according to provides investigated food security accident, or investigated food security accident Shi received bribery, or concealed, and lied about, and sustained reported, and omitted major food security accident, behavior, not fulfilled this law provides of duties or abuse, and neglect, and engages in of, in accordance with the to directly is responsible for of competent personnel and other directly responsibility personnel gives remember bigger than or downgrade of punishment; caused serious consequences of, Removed from Office or dismissed penalties constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.
Submission proposed to make corresponding changes.
The acts enumerated in paragraph 126th of article basically fall into ' failure to comply with the provisions of this law or abuse of power, dereliction of duty, the duty of engages in ', the two side-by-side, as a condition of accountability for, there is a duplicate, crossed, confusing the issues.
Place municipal people's Government should active, and timely, and effective to fulfil its corresponding of duties, no fulfil duties of, on should held related responsibility people of corresponding responsibility, and regardless of whether appeared major food security accident, and caused serious social effects; if both no fulfil duties, and because such of dereliction of and led to major food security accident, and caused serious social effects, on should let its bear more heavy of responsibility. Accountability under these two circumstances should not be confused with.
Buy food online trading platform for record management
With the rise of online shopping, the convenience of online shopping were preferred by many consumers as shopping, including the purchase of food. But buying food regulatory gaps also exist to attract widespread attention.
Draft provisions, food trading platform for third-party providers shall make the food production business license. Network trading platform for third-party providers of food food inspection network operator's license should be imposed on food business operators for network access or the real name registration, assume the responsibility of food safety management.
Internet trading platform for third-party providers of food network food business operators found to have violated the provisions of this law, shall, without delay, stop, and report immediately to the network of food trading platform provided by food production license issued by third parties to the food and drug administration.
Food trading platform provider has not implemented its obligations by third parties so that the consumer's legal rights have been violated, shall bear joint and several liability, the first to pay. Trading platform for third-party providers of food network food production license issued by the food and drug supervision and Management Department is responsible for online food trade third parties supervise and manage the platform provider.
Considered the submissions, which are adapted to network food deal with actual meaningful articles that need to be worked out. However, the network food deal with third party platforms is not a food producer, it does not need to have legal protection like the food producers and traders of food safety conditions. Easy to distinguish between the responsibility of the food and drug administration, the imposition of territorial management needs, food deal with third party platforms on the network implementation for record management.
Shen Kui in an interview with the legal evening news reporter, said: "the Government should change ' does not permit, approval if there is no regulation, no supervision ' of conventional thinking and habits. ”
In China daily health check needs more
Draft stipulates that food producers and traders shall establish and implement the health management system. Food health checks should be carried out every year, obtaining a health certificate before being engaged in food production and operating activities.
Opinion believes that strengthening the health management of employees of food is necessary, but in practice, the health certificate was issued on specially-designated agency the health Administrative Department, has alienated an administrative license. Health certificate only in the examination that the food maker's health information and annual physical examination cannot be guaranteed between the food maker's health situation.
In addition, submissions pointed out that an annual medical examination fees, has become specially designated bodies of monopoly revenues.
For countries to establish food safety management system of vocational qualifications, submission suggested that food producers and traders shall establish full-time or part-time food safety management staff training and assessment for induction system of vocational qualification system and food, food and drug supervision and Administration Department under the State Council shall make a guiding rule.
Draft for the establishment of professional qualifications in food safety management systems and food employees training and examination system can imply the possibility of establishing administrative license or approval, and the reform of administrative examination and approval system and transformation of government functions of the spirit are contrary. This version of the article/reporter Wen Rujun
Strengthening the food maker's daily health checks.
Food training evaluation should build self-discipline of enterprise systems. The Government food regulator, lies primarily with the supervision and self-discipline of enterprise system is perfect.
Food trading platform for third-party providers shall be reported to the municipal food and drug supervision and management departments, municipal food and drug supervision and Administration Department is responsible for online food trade third parties supervise and manage the platform provider.
Delete "no unit or individual without authorization may be issued in accordance with law published by the food safety supervision and management departments of information on food safety" requirements.
Enterprises engaged in food production should be developed for food safety accident disposal program, regularly check the implementation of food safety measures in enterprises, elimination of food safety accidents in a timely manner, the necessary food safety accident emergency drills.
(Edit: SN017)November 22, 2013 Legal evening news(专家建言修改食品安全法:个人可曝光问题食品|食品安全法|曝光|问题食品_新闻资讯
法学专家上书国务院建言食品安全法修改 提删除“食品安全个人噤声”等14项建议—— 遇问题食品个人可曝光
《食品安全法(修订草案送审稿)》目前正在向社会公开征求意见，在本月月底前，各界人士可登录中国法制信息网(国务院法制办官网)将意见建议提交。
北京大学法学院副院长沈岿昨天向国务院法制办寄出关于《食品安全法(修订草案送审稿)》的若干意见(下简称“意见书”)，认为食品安全信息不能为任何政府及其部门、任何组织和任何个人所垄断，遇问题食品个人可曝光。监管部门若因未履行职责和失职出食品安全事故，应担重责。
沈教授多年以来关注食品安全问题，他的另外一个身份是国家社科基金项目“风险治理视野下食品安全法治研究”课题的负责人。
沈教授上午接受《法制晚报》记者采访时表示，共对食品安全监管职责的划分、食品安全事故的流行病学调查等14项问题提出了自己的修改建议。
信息发布 真实信息个人可发布
送审稿规定，国家要建立食品安全信息统一公布制度。任何单位和个人发布可能对社会或者食品产业造成重大影响的食品安全信息，应当事先向食品生产经营企业、行业协会、科研机构、食品安全监督管理部门核实。
送审稿特别强调，任何单位和个人不得发布未经核实的食品安全信息，不得编造、散布虚假食品安全信息。
意见书认为，在食品安全治理之中，风险交流(或称风险沟通)是非常重要的，关系到食品安全治理体系之中各个行动者的利益。
“依据风险交流的原理，信息发布不能为任何政府及其部门、任何组织和任何个人所垄断。否则，会造成信息的堵塞或者扭曲。”沈岿上午接受《法制晚报》记者采访时说。
送审稿将食品安全信息的发布权基本排他性地给了国务院食品药品监督管理部门、省级人民政府，以及县级以上食品安全监督管理部门，意见书认为，这样在信息公开方面就无法达到有效的社会共治的效果。
应急演练 食企有义务防控风险
送审稿规定，食品生产经营企业应当制定食品安全事故处置方案，定期检查本企业各项食品安全防范措施的落实情况，及时消除食品安全事故隐患。鼓励食品生产经营企业开展食品安全事故应急演练。
意见书认为，食品安全事故的应急演练对于培育和提升食品安全事故应急处置能力而言具有重要的意义，其应该成为食品生产经营企业的义务，立法不应该仅仅是鼓励食品生产经营企业进行演练。
监管部门 失职出问题应担重责
送审稿规定，违反食品安全法规定，县级以上地方人民政府在食品安全监督管理中未履行职责，未落实食品安全监督管理责任制和按照规定开展食品安全工作评议考核、未落实标准和工作经费、未按照规定组织制定并实施食品安全年度监督管理计划或未按照规定报告和组织处置食品安全事故等，本行政区域出现重大食品安全事故，或造成严重社会影响的，依法对地方人民政府直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员给予记大过、降级、撤职或者开除的处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
违反本法规定，县级以上食品安全监督管理部门或者其他有关行政部门未按照规定查处食品安全事故，或者查处食品安全事故时收受贿赂，或者瞒报、谎报、缓报、漏报重大食品安全事故等行为，不履行本法规定的职责或者滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的，依法对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员给予记大过或者降级的处分；造成严重后果的，给予撤职或者开除的处分；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。
意见书建议对此做相应修改。
关于第126条第1款所列举的行为基本上都可归为‘不履行本法规定的职责或者滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊的’，把二者并列，作为问责适用的条件，存在重复、交叉、混乱的问题。
地方人民政府应当积极、及时、有效地履行其相应的职责，没有履行职责的，就应追究相关责任人的相应责任，而无论是否出现重大食品安全事故、造成严重社会影响；若既没有履行职责，又因为这样的失职而导致重大食品安全事故、造成严重社会影响，就应该让其承担更重的责任。这两种情形下的问责不应混同。
网购食品 交易平台应备案管理
随着网络购物的兴起，网购的方便性让许多消费者将其作为购物的首选，包括购买食品。但网购食品存在的监管盲区也引起大家普遍关注。
送审稿规定，网络食品交易第三方平台提供者应当取得食品生产经营许可。网络食品交易第三方平台提供者应当查验入网食品经营者的许可证或者对入网食品经营者实行实名登记，承担食品安全管理责任。
网络食品交易第三方平台提供者发现入网食品经营者有违反本法规定的行为的，应当及时制止，并立即报告网络食品交易第三方平台提供者食品生产经营许可证颁发地食品药品监督管理部门。
网络食品交易第三方平台提供者未履行规定义务，使消费者的合法权益受到侵害的，应当承担连带责任，并先行赔付。网络食品交易第三方平台提供者食品生产经营许可证颁发地食品药品监督管理部门负责对网络食品交易第三方平台提供者实施监督管理。
意见书认为，该条是适应网络食品交易的现实需要而制定出来的有意义的条款。但是，网络食品交易第三方平台本身不是食品生产经营者，其并不需要像食品生产经营者那样具备法定的保障食品安全条件。从便于分清食品药品监督管理部门的职责、实行属地管理的需要出发，对网络食品交易第三方平台实施备案管理即可。
沈岿在接受《法制晚报》记者采访时说：“政府应该转变‘不许可、不审批就无法监管、不会监管’的传统思维和习惯。”
从业人员 日常健康检查需加强
送审稿规定，食品生产经营者应当建立并执行从业人员健康管理制度。食品从业人员每年应当进行健康检查，取得健康合格证明后方可从事食品生产经营活动。
意见书认为，加强食品从业人员的健康管理是必要的，但是在实践中，健康合格证明是卫生行政部门专门指定的机构才能开出，已经异化为行政许可。健康合格证明只能在体检的时候证明食品从业人员的健康情况，并不能保证在年度体检之间食品从业人员的健康情况。
另外，意见书指出，一年一度的体检收费，已经成了专门指定机构的垄断性收入。
对于国家建立食品安全管理人员职业资格制度，意见书建议，食品生产经营者应建立专职或者兼职食品安全管理人员职业资格制度和食品从业人员培训考核上岗制度，国务院食品药品监督管理部门应当作出指导性规定。
送审稿确立的食品安全管理人员职业资格制度和食品从业人员培训考核制度都暗含着设定行政许可或审批的可能性，与行政审批制度改革、政府职能转变的精神有悖。 本版文/记者温如军
加强食品从业人员的日常健康检查。
食品从业人员的培训考核应该建立企业自律的制度。作为政府的食品监管部门，主要在于监督企业的自律制度是否完善。
网络食品交易第三方平台提供者应当向市级食品药品监督管理部门备案，市级食品药品监督管理部门负责对网络食品交易第三方平台提供者实施监督管理。
删除“任何单位和个人未经授权不得发布依法由食品安全监督管理部门公布的食品安全信息”的规定。
食品生产经营企业应当制定食品安全事故处置方案，定期检查本企业各项食品安全防范措施的落实情况，及时消除食品安全事故隐患，开展必要的食品安全事故应急演练。
赞