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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/23 17:24:43 Reports surge in man-made soil and water loss caused by large-scale construction Beijing
People's daily (Xinhua Zhang Ran) in the context of the current extreme weather continued, shortage of water and soil conservation and water resources, sewage treatment, urban waterlogging, fog, haze, dust storms, flash floods landslides have become even more prominent the link between. Yesterday afternoon, the 14 Conference of the Standing Committee of the seventh municipal people's Congress briefed law enforcement inspection group on the examination of the People's Republic of China soil and water conservation law and the implementation of Beijing < People's Republic of China soil and water conservation law > approach to implementation of the report. Reports that massive capital lead to a leap in artificial soil erosion in Beijing. On one hand, in 2012 the city building open return of about 200 million square meters, on the other hand, 10,000 lost nearly 1 ton per year.
Problem
Report of soil and water loss prevention and control in Beijing is at stake:
It is estimated that the production site disturbed land during 25 800 square kilometers, man-made soil and water loss of 7 million tons.
Completed ecological and clean-type small watersheds of 38% per cent of small watersheds in mountainous area and does not include public utilities to ensure funding for, led to the building built and destroyed, ruined.
Mountainous land more than 40% less than 30 cm of soil.
Fangshan, Huairou, Miyun, and 10 districts, such as debris flow gully in 805, the affected population of more than 150,000.
Large area urban sclerosis, serious shortage rainwater utilization project, causing precipitation to save storage, ground water to supply, drainage pressure continues to increase, are easily formed waterlogging.
According to estimates, into the network of silt around 15,000 tons per year.
The reason
Production and construction projects "in escrow"
Report of soil and water conservation is not only the protection of agricultural resources and utilization, had become ecological problems affect urban safety; emphasis not only on the mountains of soil and water conservation, has turned to the city and the plain. From the plain and the city, soil erosion and the major reason is the production of construction project management is weak. Authorities there "in escrow" phenomenon. After a large number of projects approved, does not carry out construction, supervision, inspection, monitoring costs. Some major change programmes fail to perform the procedures. The low acceptance rate of soil and water conservation facilities.
Recommended
Combat focus should turn to the city and the plain
Municipal Standing Committee law enforcement inspection group recommended that, in the context of current environmental problems are serious, man-made soil and water loss prevention and control center of gravity shifted to urban areas and the Plains. Will be fully integrated into the management of production and construction projects, infrastructure, land and mineral resources development, tourism development planning, strengthen conservation tasks, sought the views of water sector before approval.
In addition, the NPC Standing Committee law enforcement inspection team believes that soil and water conservation laws and regulations and policy needs to be improved. In particular, because of the significant changes to the upper law, the implementing measures has not fully adapt to the situation of soil and water conservation mandates changes in Beijing's demands. Therefore recommends the repeal of the measures for the implementation of, the making of the Beijing urban soil and water conservation Ordinance, to supplement the production project management. Studies within the framework of the ecological compensation mechanism of ecological compensation of soil and water conservation, on the subject of compensation, standards, collection and management of regulated.
(Original title: scale construction of soil and water loss in Beijing)
京华时报讯(记者 张然) 在当前极端天气不断出现的背景下，水土保持与水资源短缺、污水治理、城市内涝、山洪泥石流、雾霾、沙尘暴之间的联系更加凸显。昨天下午，市十四届人大常委会第七次会议听取市人大常委会执法检查组关于检查《中华人民共和国水土保持法》及《北京市实施<中华人民共和国水土保持法>办法》实施情况报告。报告称，大规模建设导致北京人为水土流失剧增。一方面，2012年全市建筑开复工面积约2亿平米，另一方面，1万方堆土每年流失近1吨。
问题
报告指出，北京水土流失防治形势严峻：
◎据测算，十一五期间生产建设项目扰动土地800平方公里，人为水土流失近700万吨。
◎已经建成的生态清洁小流域仅占山区小流域的38%，且未纳入公共事业经费保障，导致建了又毁、毁了又建。
◎山区土层不足30厘米的土地超过40%。
◎怀柔、密云、房山等10个区县有805条泥石流沟道，受影响人口15万多。
◎大面积城市硬化，雨洪利用工程严重不足，造成降水难以存蓄，地下水难以补给，排水压力不断加大，极易形成内涝。
◎据测算，每年进入排水管网的泥沙约1.5万吨。
原因
生产建设项目“以审代管”
报告指出，水土保持不仅仅是农业资源的保护和利用问题，已经变为生态问题，影响城市安全；水土保持的重点也不仅仅在山区，已经转向城市和平原。从平原和城区来讲，水土流失的重要原因是生产建设项目管理薄弱。有关部门存在“以审代管”的现象。大量项目通过审批后，不落实建设、监理、验收、监测费用。有的方案发生重大变更，不履行审批手续。水土保持设施的验收率偏低。
建议
防治重心应转向城区和平原
市人大常委会执法检查组据此建议，在当前环境问题严峻的背景下，将人为水土流失防治的重心转向城区和平原。将生产建设项目全部纳入管理，在基础设施建设、土地矿产开发、旅游开发等规划中，强化水土保持任务，在报批前征求水务部门的意见。
此外，市人大常委会执法检查组认为，水土保持法规规章和政策亟待完善。特别是由于上位法进行了重大修改，《实施办法》已经不能完全适应北京水土保持形势任务变化的需要。因此建议废止《实施办法》，制定《北京市水土保持条例》，对生产项目管理进行补充。如在大生态补偿框架内研究水土保持生态补偿机制，对补偿主体、标准、收缴、管理等做出规定。
(原标题：北京大规模建设加剧水土流失)
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