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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/23 17:26:00 To the assignment of the military part of the lower airspace and approval authority and put to flight delay had nothing to do
In recent days, according to the General staff of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, the Civil Aviation Administration of China issued the task approval and the regulations on the management of general aviation flight, pointed out that the military and defence and territorial general aviation related to the Mission's right to approve the transfer, thus to some extent simplified navigation flight process. Media that it would ease flight delays.
In this regard, several industry insiders said, new rules governing flight delays "are largely independent of" this message is part of the media misinterpreted.
-New content
Non-military air flight involved decentralization
It is understood that general aviation including: aerial photography, medical and rescue, meteorological observation, inspection, artificial precipitation in the air. Other types include ocean monitoring, land and marine oil services, air seeding, fertilization in the air. In addition, private driving training flight training, aviation sports, air sports performance flight and personal recreational flying, also belong to the general aviation area.
The regulations clearly, competent civil aviation authority under the State Council is responsible for general aviation flights and approval of relevant departments of the General staff and the military region, the army is mainly responsible for general aviation flights involving national security audits, as well as local application for the use of military aircraft engaged in non-commercial general aviation flight approval.
≫> interpretation
Increased at low altitude the pilot development
The industry are of the view that provisions listed in nine defense, territorial, diplomatic and military missions, in addition to the nine cases, general aviation flights do not need to handle the tasks application and approval procedures, but before implementation of the flight, flight planning application is made in accordance with national flight control, and task properties.
Civil aviation expert Qi Qi's introduction, this article highlights is the delineation of management and implementation of the right to approve the border and highly specific, strong operability.
CHOW Qi said, in accordance with my currently of airspace management system, navigation field is most can reflected civil-military fusion of field one of, hope to this for opportunity, civil aviation and military in transport route involved airspace and military related management, and activities, aspects, reached similar of consensus and introduced file, in increased low open pilot, future further open airspace, and air control aspects are has more big progress, also for promoting my navigation industry development, eradication my civil aviation flight delay simply maladies do prepared.
Airspace difficulty landing permission to reduce
According to the regulations, requiring the approval of general aviation flights, usually carried out by the mission units apply to the approval Department, units upon approval by the approval authority. General Aviation mission to apply for approval, the examination and approval authorities shall require the applicant to provide mission application documents, including: task properties, units and the nationality of the crew list, main Board, aircraft type, quantity and place of registration, use the Airport (temporary landing fields), working time and the scope of work, as well as other special instructions needed.
Provides a number of content
Affirmation of autonomy reflects on navigation in flight. Such as, general aviation flight needed in wild (containing water) temporary landing and not involves permanently facilities construction of, temporary landing venues by implementation general aviation flight of units or personal themselves prospecting selected, together with flight plans together reported is located flight control partition (temporary landing venues of select, must avoid flight busy area, and military area, and military district, shall not effects flight security and important target security). As another example, general aviation flights taking off and landing from the captain or the pilot determined according to the standards of airworthiness, meteorological conditions and task requests.
Facilitation to facilitate expansion
Piper celestial plane (China) limited official said Chen Shu, temporary landing points (including waters) and temporary air space delegated to flight control and "together with flight plans be" submitted for approval (though fixtures temporary landing and airport approval procedures otherwise provided), is very big. In his view, if in the future, "local governments, enterprises and construction of general aviation airport" simplifying formalities, universal mass approval of construction of the airport, the formation of networks whose time will come.
Sudden flight priority tasks security
Need to be aware of is that provisions pointed out that civil-military air traffic control departments to respond to emergencies, the emergency relief emergency tasks, such as flight, priority should be given to protect it.
Provisions, requiring the approval of the general aviation flight task, the applicant shall at least 13 working days apply to the approval authority in advance, approval authorities within 10 working days after receipt of the application to approve or not to approve decisions, and notify the applicant accordingly. However, to perform tasks such as emergencies, emergency requests for general aviation flights from temporary, approving authorities should be approved in a timely manner. At the same time, "Civil Aviation Administration and the military departments shall establish and improve the general air traffic protection mechanism, take the initiative to inform the situation, grasp the task delays and the reasons for and coordinate the resolution of general aviation flight command and security issues. ”
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Relief can be provided to facilitate
Analysts pointed out that, at present, the emergency medical assistance is already available in at least 3 hours prior to flight departure apply to the departments concerned, provisions introduced further to China's earthquake relief, facilitate shipping jobs such as emergency medical assistance. It is understood that the Wenchuan earthquake of 2008, and this year's earthquake in Lushan, there are civil navigation among companies involved in disaster rescue.
-Expert opinion
New rules and delays in treatment are largely independent
Under the rules, media, for the military to transfer part of airspace and approval authority or alleviate flight delays.
Yesterday, several industry insiders told reporters, this understanding is incorrect.
Civil aviation flight altitudes generally above 6,000 meters, which is a high altitude airspace, including civil aviation control area, and the military controlled areas. Low altitude airspace refers to the flight areas below 1000 metres. Among them, the commercial airline transportation means in high altitude airspace, while general aviation flights mainly in the lower airspace.
Aviation sector consensus flight delays because of high altitude airspace congestion, China's Civil Aviation Bureau, 2011 Eric LI has said, "China Civil Aviation 20% of the airspace is all airspace, airspace nervous cause flight delays, flight punctuality is the root cause of the decline. "However, this year the Chinese State Key Laboratory of space technology said in a report, the routine use of civil aviation airspace area of 32%; 23.51%, aviation equipment and daily use of airspace, temporary lines area of about 5.51%. An airline industry believes, in fact, high altitude airspace to airspace belongs to 30% per cent are underutilized because of various problems left over by history, led to vacuum.
In fact, the airspace reform hold a launch the body, Mr Eric LI has said, high altitude air space a flights en-route airspace, past at the established time, ground radar stations, ground navigation, navigation, Airways, matched. Airspace and air force troops and resident is also closely linked with. If you change the air space, so many air force configuration you want to change.
This version writing Jinghua times Liao Feng
(Original title: the right of alienation of the military part of the common airspace approval)
近日，根据中国人民解放军总参谋部、中国民用航空局下发《通用航空飞行任务审批与管理规定》，指出军方将与国防、领土不相关的通用航空飞行任务的审批权让渡了出来，从而在一定程度上简化了通航飞行的流程。有媒体认为，这将缓解航班延误状况。
对此，多名业内人士表示，新规与治理航班延误“基本无关”，此消息系部分媒体误读。
□新规内容
非涉军通航飞行 权力下放
据了解，通用航空主要包括：航空摄影、医疗救护、气象探测、空中巡查、人工降水等。其他类型包括海洋监测，陆地及海上石油服务，飞机播种，空中施肥等。另外，私用驾驶执照培训、航空运动训练飞行、航空运动表演飞行及个人娱乐飞行等也属于通用航空领域。
《规定》明确，国务院民用航空主管部门负责通用航空飞行任务的审批，总参谋部和军区、军兵种有关部门主要负责涉及国防安全的通用航空飞行任务的审核，以及地方申请使用军队航空器从事非商业性通用航空飞行任务的审批。
>>解读
增低空试点促发展
业内人士均认为，规定中列出九条与国防、领土、外交、军事有关的飞行任务，除这九种情况外，通用航空飞行任务不需要办理任务申请和审批手续，但在飞行实施前，须按照国家飞行管制规定提出飞行计划申请，并说明任务性质。
民航专家綦琦介绍，这一条的亮点在于划定了审批权的管理和实施边界，并且十分具体，可操作性极强。
綦琦说，依照我国目前的空域管理体制，通航领域是最能体现军民融合的领域之一，希望以此为契机，民航和军方在运输航线涉及空域和军方相关管理、活动等方面，达成类似的共识并出台文件，在增加低空开放试点，未来进一步开放空域，以及航空管制方面都有更大进步，也为促进我国通航产业发展，铲除我国民航航班延误根本顽疾做准备。
空域起降点审批 难度降低
根据规定，凡需审批的通用航空飞行任务，通常由飞行任务执行单位向审批部门提出申请，由审批部门商有关单位后办理批复。对申请审批的通用航空飞行任务，审批机关应当要求申请人提供飞行任务申请文件，内容包括：任务性质、执行单位和机组人员国籍、主要登机人员名单，航空器型号、数量和注册地，使用机场(临时起降场)，作业时间和作业范围，以及其他需要特别说明的事项。
规定中有若干内容
体现了对通航飞行自主性的肯定。例如，通用航空飞行需在野外(含水面)临时起降且不涉及永久设施建设的，临时起降场地由实施通用航空飞行的单位或者个人自行勘选，连同飞行计划一并报所在飞行管制分区(临时起降场地的选择，必须避开飞行繁忙地区、军事禁区、军事管理区，不得影响飞行安全和重要目标安全)。又如，通用航空飞行的起飞、着陆标准由机长或者飞行员根据适航标准、气象条件和任务要求确定。
手续简化利于扩建
派珀天极飞机(中国)有限公司相关负责人陈澍表示，临时起降点(含水域)和临时空域一次下放给飞行管制分区，而且可以“连同飞行计划一并”报批(虽然固定设施临时起降点及机场报批程序另行规定)，力度很大。他认为，未来如果“地方政府和企事业单位建设通用航空机场”简化手续后，通用机场大规模审批建设、形成网络的时代将来临。
突发性任务飞行 优先保障
需要注意的是，规定指出，军民航空管部门对处置突发事件、紧急救援等突发性任务飞行，应当优先予以保障。
规定称，凡需审批的通用航空飞行任务，申请人应当至少提前13个工作日向审批机关提出申请，审批机关在收到申请后10个工作日内作出批准或者不批准的决定，并通知申请人。但是，对执行处置突发事件、紧急救援等任务临时提出的通用航空飞行任务申请，审批机关应当及时予以审批。同时，“民用航空管理部门和军队有关部门应当建立健全通用航空指挥保障机制，主动通报有关情况，及时掌握任务延误情况及原因，协调解决通用航空飞行的指挥和保障问题。”
可对救灾提供便利
分析人士指出，目前，紧急医疗救援最少已经可以在飞机起飞前3个小时向有关部门提出申请，规定的出台将进一步为我国抗震救灾、紧急医疗救援等通航作业提供便利。据了解，2008年汶川地震和今年的芦山地震中，都有民间的通航企业参与到灾区的救援之中。
□专家观点
新规与治延误基本无关
根据规定，有媒体认为，为军方让渡部分空域审批权，或缓解航班延误。
昨天，多位业内人士告诉记者，这种理解有误。
民用航空飞行高度一般在6000米以上，这属于高空空域，其中包括民航管制区域和军方管制区域。而低空空域是指1000米以下的飞行区域。其中，商业航空公司运输则指的是高空空域，而通用航空飞行则主要在低空空域。
民航界达成的共识航班延误的根本原因在于高空空域拥堵，中国民航局局长李家祥2011年曾表示，“中国民航所占空域只有全部空域的20%，空域紧张是造成航班延误、航班正点率下降的根本原因。”不过，今年中国国家空域技术重点实验室则发布报告称，中国民航日常使用空域面积占32%；军航日常使用空域占23.51%，临时航线使用面积约占5.51%。一位航空业内人士认为，事实上，高空空域有30%到40%的空域属于因各种历史遗留问题而尚未充分利用，导致处于真空地带。
事实上，空域改革牵一发动全身，李家祥曾说，高空空域一个航线一个航路一个空域，过去在建立的时候，地面的雷达站，地面的导航站、导航点，与空中航线相配合。空域和空军的驻军、驻地也是紧密联系在一起的。如果改变空域，那么好多空军的力量配置也要发生改变。
本版采写京华时报记者廖丰
(原标题：军方让渡部分通用空域审批权)
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