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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/26 9:01:44 In Zhoushan of Zhejiang province to implement a separate second child policy， population 11 consecutive years of negative growth
Reporter Yao Jianli
Cub reporter Xu 旻 reports Shanghai, Hangzhou
Recently, the Zhoushan municipal government issued a notice saying the provincial government studies agree that the provincial population and family planning Commission approval, the decision in Zhoushan spearheaded a separate second policy, implemented since the 19th of this month.
Head of Zhejiang Provincial family planning Office pointed out in an interview with 21st century business Herald reporter, province Zhoushan is considered in population growth for many years, and only about 1 million of the total population, the pilot is more appropriate, "now go through legal procedures, and will be implemented across the province. ”
18 consideration of the third plenary session of the party by the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decision made "second child alone" policy, pilot policies in Zhoushan to accelerate. Especially in the case of Zhoushan 11 consecutive years of negative population growth, promoting population growth cannot be postponed.
Deputy Secretary of party Committee of Zhejiang Ocean University Huang Jiangang told the newspaper that, from the perspective of local economic development, and create national District of Zhoushan City, population growth, attracting talent is urgently needed, and Zhoushan's development would be impossible otherwise.
Zhoushan spearheaded a separate second child
On November 21, the Zhoushan municipal government issued the Zhoushan municipal people's Government Office on the implementation of family planning "in Zhoushan Island special policies" notice, Zhoushan, "either one or both as residence in Zhoushan and the one for one child, the two parties combined had one-child couples" special approval range added to family planning.
Prior to this, pregnant again after the couple legally adopted only 1 child, 1 children each before the remarriage, family is an exceptional situation, such as childless couples fertility approval range.
Zhoushan City included Deputy Director Xia Qianfeng Wei recently said publicly that the policy approved by the Zhoushan was formally reported to the provincial government in May this year, in July, the study on the Standing Committee of the provincial government, Guangdong provincial party Committee Standing Committee has agreed that implementation in Zhoushan Island special policies.
Thus the Central tone is bound, population and family planning Commission of Zhejiang province immediately decided to implement special policies in Zhoushan.
As a rule, in line with the "Zhoushan Islands special policies" before they reproduce the conditions of approval, consolidated by the husband and wife in Zhoushan domicile of birth domicile in a particular case the approval procedures, and let go of Zhejiang Province "second child alone" are not associated.
According to official figures, since 1997, Zhoushan domicile population continues to shrink, and 11 consecutive years of natural population growth. Household sizes continue to shrink, average household population is 2.39. Last year, the domicile of the elderly population aged 60 years and above in Zhoushan for 20.32%, 17.87% from Zhejiang province.
Population and development of Zhejiang University, Professor Zhou Liping said that Zhoushan Islands for 11 consecutive years of negative growth means the registered population, does not include the floating population.
Week view, local birth rates low, are important causes of Zhoushan in the province led to first open a second child.
Effects on population issues to develop the new district
In addition, the experts interviewed said that Zhoushan irrational structure of the population, population ageing is the gravity of the situation, young labor shortages, affecting the development of the island.
As such, the notice said, the "second child alone", "gradually optimize the structure of the city's population to alleviate the growing aging population situation to promote orderly migration flows of population, is very important."
Huang Jiangang said that population growth is an important factor in regional development, development of Zhoushan City, you need at least 5 million people, "a person providing services corresponding to at least 50 people. ”
21st century business Herald journalists had contacts local Zhoushan Government officials learned, on the one hand the local anxiety and difficulties of attracting talent and at the same time fears large numbers of people into the local bearing capacity test.
"This is a new development areas generally facing the problem, medical treatment, schooling of immigrants needs to be addressed, as well as transportation, law and order problems. "Huang said.
Single release "separate second child" perspective, he noted that to attract outsiders settling in Zhoushan fertility, but it at least thirty or forty years to produce the effect.
However, the simple second open door policy cannot be changed in Zhoushan of population decline. This influx of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan's inflow is very small. The sixth population census data show that flows from outside the city, the province of Zhoushan 31,600 people, into 213,900 people from outside the province, and Wenzhou all the inflow of immigrants 2.8422 million, is 10 times more than doubled in Zhoushan.
Economic Xu Jianfeng, Director of Zhejiang Provincial Academy of social sciences said that Zhoushan's own population, coupled with the inflow population, caused the city's population could not be completed economically self-sustaining, "big schools and enterprises ' difficulty in forming and settled in, outward transfers of persons looking for a job. ”
He said that this is the situation facing the island universal.
A number of experts interviewed agreed that the key was, through the development of local industry, urban construction in Zhoushan to attract outsiders.
(Edit: SN091)November 26, 2013 21st century business Herald(浙江舟山实施单独二胎政策 人口连续11年负增长|人口|舟山|政策_新闻资讯
本报记者 姚建莉
实习记者 许旻 上海、杭州报道
日前，舟山市政府下发通知称经省政府研究同意，由省人口计生委批复，决定在舟山率先实施单独二胎政策，自本月19日起正式实施。
浙江省计生委相关处室负责人在接受21世纪经济报道记者采访时指出，省里的考虑是舟山人口多年负增长，且总人口仅100万左右，试点更为合适，“接下来经过法律程序，全省将陆续实行。”
党的十八届三中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》提出“单独二胎”政策后，舟山的试点政策加速推进。尤其是在舟山连续11年出现人口负增长的情况下，促进人口增长已刻不容缓。
浙江海洋学院党委副书记黄建钢则向本报表示，从舟山当地经济发展以及打造国家级新区的角度，促进人口增长、吸引人才非常迫切，否则舟山的发展将是天方夜谭。
舟山率先实施单独二胎
11月21日，舟山市政府下发《舟山市人民政府办公室关于贯彻实施计划生育“舟山海岛特批政策”的通知》，将舟山市“双方或一方为舟山户籍且有一方为独生子女、双方合计已生育一个子女的夫妻”增列为计划生育特殊审批范围。
在此之前，仅夫妻依法收养1个子女后又怀孕的，再婚前双方各生育过1个子女，现家庭无子女的夫妻等属特殊情况生育审批范围。
舟山市卫计局副局长夏前峰日前公开表示，该政策由舟山于今年5月正式上报省政府审批，7月，省政府常务会议、省委常委会先后研究同意，在舟山市实施海岛特批政策。
因而中央基调一定，浙江省人口计生委立马决定在舟山实施特批政策。
按规定，符合“舟山海岛特批政策”条件的再生育审批，统一由夫妻中舟山户籍一方的户籍所在地按特殊情况生育审批程序办理，此与浙江省放开“单独二胎”无关联。
根据官方数据，自1997年以来，舟山户籍人口持续缩减，连续11年出现人口自然负增长。家庭户规模继续缩小，平均每个家庭户的人口为2.39人。去年，舟山60周岁及以上的户籍老年人口占总人口比例为20.32%，浙江全省为17.87%。
浙江大学人口与发展所教授周丽萍指出，舟山群岛连续11年的负增长是指户籍人口，不包括流动人口。
周认为，当地出生率低，是催生舟山在省内首先开放二胎的重要原因。
人口问题影响新区发展
除此之外，多位受访专家表示，舟山的人口结构不合理，人口老龄化状况严重，年轻劳动力短缺，影响了海岛的发展。
正如上述《通知》所说，实施“单独二胎”，“对逐渐优化全市人口结构，缓解日趋严重的人口老龄化形势，促进人口有序迁移流入，具有很强的现实意义”。
黄建钢表示，人口增长是地区发展的重要因素，舟山要发展，至少需要500万人口，“一个人才至少要对应50个提供服务的人员。”
21世纪经济报道记者此前接触舟山当地政府官员时了解到，一方面当地焦虑吸引人才的困难，另一方面又担忧大量人口进入对当地承载能力的考验。
“这是新兴发展地区普遍面临的问题，外来人口的就医、入学都亟待解决，还有交通、治安问题。”黄说。
单从放开“单独二胎”的角度，他指出，可以吸引外部人落户舟山进行生育，但这至少要三四十年才能产生效应。
不过，单纯的二胎开放政策无法彻底改变舟山人口颓势。在浙江这个人口流入大省中，舟山的人口流入也很少。第六次人口普查数据显示，舟山从市外、省内流入3.16万人，从省外流入21.39万人，而温州所有外来人口流入有284.22万，是舟山的10倍多。
浙江省社科院经济所所长徐剑锋表示，舟山本身人口少，再加上流入人口不足，导致市内无法完成人口经济的自我循环，“大的学校和企业难以形成和入驻，里面的人会再向外转移找工作。”
他表示，这是中国的海岛普遍面临的情况。
多位受访专家一致表示，关键还是，通过舟山当地产业发展、城市建设来吸引外来人员。
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