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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/26 9:02:57 Most country’s 2 million bus will cancel
Bill summary: general corporate vehicles, retain the necessary law enforcement duties, confidential communications, emergency and specialized expertise with vehicles and other vehicles equipped according to regulations
"Some units or zero-bus"
Ye Qing said, according to a preliminary analysis, the national bus at least 2 million more. And such a huge number of buses, the vast majority are using cars for public affairs in General.
"In accordance with State regulations, and leader with qualification are equipped with special little vehicles and special needs in specific sectors such as public security, weather. "Ye Qing said that if you cancel using cars for public affairs in General, means that many units, such as their Bureau in Hubei Province, a bus should not be in the future.
Ye Qing said that if it could be lifted using cars for public affairs in General, funding would be a huge savings. According to Yeh Ching survey, on average a bus for a year costs between 150,000 to 200,000 yuan. He knew the local bus to Hangzhou reform effect and found that compared with the car before the, an annual savings of more than one-third. With Hangzhou as a sample, then a bus can save 50,000 to 70,000 yuan a year, 50,000 Yuan on count, multiplied by 2 million vehicles, that's 100 billion yuan. "In fact, many people have bought their own cars, zero-bus is not difficult. Is mainly to change the privilege under the leadership of consciousness. "The IEA said.
General using cars for public affairs was abolished, and will certainly cause a lot of idle, these cars do? In response, Wang Xi zinc believes that in accordance with normal procedures, auctions, auctions of funds into the State Treasury.
Bill summary: general corporate social offer
Government purchase of social services
How to provide more appropriate? Ye Qing said that judging from the pilot in some cities in China, can be divided into two categories, one is the Government to set up a service center, such as Hangzhou. One is carried out by the market-oriented car rental company, purchased by government social services. Both ways have advantages and disadvantages, and can choose their own way around.
Wang Xi-zinc believes that since the bus is socialization, basically, it will be necessary for official vehicles operation run by social organizations, adopting market-oriented mechanism, split with the Government. This ensures the necessary bus services, on the one hand to guarantee efficiency, curbing the waste of resources. But with socialization, bus leasing must be fully market-oriented. "If you are a monopoly, I am afraid, bus rental prices also excessively high. ”
Bill summary: public transport subsidies moderate
Subsidies before cleaning the bus
Wang Xi zinc said before the subsidies, we must first solve the problem of the bus was clean. Currently there is a lot of leadership vehicles in violation of regulations for general corporate staffing of issues, shouldn't have a car with a car. Subsidies, should solve the problem.
At the same time, defining the use of subsidies to and wary of personal welfare in disguise. Wang Xi zinc suggested that subsidies not distributed to individuals, but by setting an account managed, against regulations.
In addition, bus distribution also requires a scientific assessment. "Some people, some of them less, which affects both the external social evaluation, makes the public feel that the Government departments an opportunity to waste money; also has internal conflicts. Currently were based on an administrative level, but some low level civil servants needed to run errands, probably more, get to fill the car is quite small. Which in turn involves a question of fairness. ”
The bus subsidy appropriate?
Wenzhou, is a major concern to the car with the words, their bus after the auction, cars fill the maximum subsidy of 3,100 yuan per person per month, a minimum subsidy of 300 yuan, and does not include the remote car rental fees. Some media accounts, a case study of Wenzhou City development and Reform Commission concluded that before the car changed, buses cost of 1.33 million Yuan, after changing the car, car stickers issued a total of 1.62 million Yuan, which means that after changing the car will spend nearly 300,000 dollars a year before the car changed.
Ye believes that subsidies should not be uniform, especially payment is too high. "Taking myself as an example, I am the Deputy Department level, subsidies are 1200 Yuan a month, I think this allowance is appropriate. "Ye Qing said that government agencies if the travel is also accountable, car repair is mainly used for commuting. At the same time, the provision has also been made in socialization provide for general corporate purposes, which means some corporate activities can apply for the bus, so subsidies cannot be high.
Counting
Modified by car around three modes
First is the monetization. Transport subsidies by rank, cancelled the bus.
Hangzhou in May 2009 after seven years of incubation and the pilot, in departments directly under Daqing Government officially launched the bus reform, under City Hall Bureau level cadres will be made with bus transportation subsidies instead. Car fill standard is divided into 9 a grade, ceiling for per person monthly 2,600 Yuan (Deputy Council level), lower for per person monthly 300 yuan (General clerk), all into "public card" IC card in the, to guarantee "funds earmarked for dedicated", card within of car fill amount only for and corporate traffic about of expenditures, as bus, and taxi, and corporate with car service center, and gas station, and vehicles insurance,, besides cannot take now, also cannot in Mall, and supermarket, place consumption.
Second is the virtual currency. Cancel departments bus, the establishment of relevant administrative agencies should call the bus, funded the fixed lump sum, limits are adjusted annually, not into individuals ' pockets.
2010 car modification of Kunming decided to impose non-monetary reform: by the District Department of finance prepared exclusively prepaid card on the bus, by the district finance on a fixed lump sum funding issued on a quarterly basis to the card, the units according to the actual number of nuclear to various administrative offices, and will not be released to the individual hand. Monthly bus card fixed lump sum standard 400 Yuan per capita, mainly used for private car public at designated sites maintenance, refueling, buying bus IC card, vehicle hire corporate transport and other social expenses. Cost overruns without payment.
Third is strictly regulated. What level is equipped with cars, and what kind of car, in accordance with the regulations; bus at what time, what it was for all the rules.
2011 Guangzhou uses GPS global satellite positioning systems, identification and other scientific means, using the real-time monitor for official cars.
2013 in Yueyang city in more than more than 4,000 official cars after the installation of a satellite monitoring system, the introduction of new bus reform initiatives, to all posted bus unified logo to facilitate supervision by the masses.
4
Party and Government offices: ban on the construction of the main square Park
No centralized arrangements in hot countries and regions visited, is strictly prohibited under various names in disguise public money to travel abroad.
Those who violate the provisions of the proposed office space project, must terminate; anyone who does not follow the prescribed procedures and approval procedures and unauthorized construction of office premises for the project, must stop and confiscate whatever standard, Super Hyper-scale and hyper-investment budget for the construction of office premises for the project, should be based on specific circumstances fall deadline to release excess space or forfeited, auction.
Office building of party and Government organs must not create urban landmarks, supporting construction and large squares, parks and other facilities is strictly prohibited.
(Original title: the waste Ordinance: general corporate vehicles (2)
条例摘要：取消一般公务用车，保留必要的执法执勤、机要通信、应急和特种专业技术用车及按规定配备的其他车辆
“部分单位或零公车”
叶青说，据初步分析，全国的公车至少在200万辆以上。而这样数量庞大的公车，绝大多数都是一般公务用车。
“按照国家规定，有资格配备专车的领导很少；而特殊需求的车辆也是在公安、气象等特殊部门。”叶青表示，如果取消一般公务用车，意味着不少单位，比如自己所在的湖北省统计局，将来一辆公车都不应该有。
叶青表示，如果真的能取消一般公务用车，对财政资金而言将是一个巨大的节约。根据叶青的调查，平均一辆公车一年的费用在15万元到20万元之间。他曾去杭州了解过当地公车改革效果，发现与车改前相比，一年下来节省经费超过三分之一。以杭州为样本，那么一辆公车一年可以省出5万元到7万元，就以5万元算，再乘以200万辆，那就是1000亿元。“事实上，现在很多人都自己买了车，实现零公车并不困难。主要是要改变一些领导的特权意识。”叶青说。
一般公务用车被取消，必会造成大量闲置，这些车怎么办？对此，王锡锌认为，可以按照正常的程序，进行拍卖，拍卖资金入国库。
条例摘要：普通公务出行实行社会化提供
政府购买社会服务
如何提供更为合适？叶青表示，从此前我国部分城市的试点来看，主要分为两类，一类是政府成立一个服务中心，比如杭州。一类是由市场化的租车公司进行，由政府购买社会服务。两种方式各有利弊，各地可以选择适合自己的方式进行。
王锡锌认为，既然公车是社会化改革，主要就是将必要的公务用车运营由社会组织来运行，采用市场化机制运行，与政府剥离。这样一方面保证了必要的公车服务，一方面也能保证效率，遏制资源浪费。但社会化改革推出的公车租赁必须充分市场化。“如果一地都是一家垄断，恐怕公车租赁的价格同样畸高。”
条例摘要：适度发放公务交通补贴
补贴前应先清理公车
王锡锌表示，在发补贴之前，首先要解决的是公车清理的问题。当前我国存在大量领导一般公务用车违反规定配备的问题，不该有车的有了车。要发放补贴，首先要解决这个问题。
同时，补贴的用途要进行界定，警惕变为个人的变相福利。王锡锌建议，补贴资金不要发放到个人，而是由单位设定一个账户统筹管理，这样利于监管。
此外，公车发放多少也需要科学评估。“有的人发的多，有的人发的少，这一方面会影响外部的社会评价，让公众觉得政府部门借机乱花钱；另一方面也会有内部的矛盾。比如当前都是按照行政级别来发的，但一些级别低的公务员需要跑腿的可能更多，车补拿得却少。这又涉及一个公平问题。”
公车补贴多少合适？
以备受关注的温州车改为例，其公车拍卖之后，车补每人每月最高补贴3100元，最低补贴300元，且不包括远程租车费用。有媒体算了一笔账，以温州发改委为例测算：车改前，公车费用为133万元；车改后，发放的车贴总额为162万元，这意味着车改后将比车改前每年多支出近30万元。
叶青认为，补贴不宜一刀切，更不宜发放太高。“以我自己为例，我是副厅级，一个月的补贴是1200元，我觉得这个补贴是合适的。”叶青表示，政府机关如果出差等，还会实报实销，车补主要用于上下班。同时，此次规定中也提出了普通公务用车社会化提供，这意味着一些公务活动可以申请公车，因此补贴更不能高。
■ 盘点
各地车改三种模式
●第一种是货币化。按职级发放交通补贴，取消公车。
2009年5月 杭州在经过七年酝酿和试点之后，在市直机关正式启动了公车改革，规定市厅局级以下干部一律取消公车，改为发放交通补贴。车补标准分为9个档次，上限为每人每月2600元(副局级)，下限为每人每月300元(一般科员)，全部打入“市民卡”IC卡中，以保证“专款专用”，卡内的车补金额只能用于与公务交通有关的支出，如公交车、出租车、公务用车服务中心、加油站、车辆保险等，除此之外不能取现，也不能在商场、超市等地方消费。
●第二种是虚拟货币化。取消各部门公车，建立相关公车管理机构统一调用，经费定额包干，额度逐年调整，不入个人腰包。
2010年 昆明车改决定实行非货币化改革：由各区财政局统一制作单位实名制公车专用卡，由区财政按季度将定额包干经费核发到卡上，各单位根据实有人数核至各科室，而不会发放到个人手上。公车专用卡定额包干标准为每月人均400元，主要用于私车公用时在指定地点维修、加油，购买公交IC卡，租用区机关公务交通车和其他社会车辆的费用支出。超支不补。
●第三种是严格管理。什么级别配车、配什么车，都按规定来；公车什么时候用、用来干什么都受规章制约。
2011年 广州利用GPS全球卫星定位系统、身份识别技术等科技手段，对公务用车使用情况实时全程监控。
2013年 岳阳市在给4000多辆公务用车安装卫星监控系统后，推出公车改革新举措，给所有公车张贴统一标志，便于群众监督。
党政办公楼：禁配建大广场公园
●严禁集中安排赴热门国家和地区出访，严禁以各种名义变相公款出国旅游。
●凡是违反规定的拟建办公用房项目，必须坚决终止；凡是未按照规定程序履行审批手续、擅自开工建设的办公用房项目，必须停建并予以没收；凡是超规模、超标准、超投资概算建设的办公用房项目，应当根据具体情况限期腾退超标准面积或者全部没收、拍卖。
●党政机关办公楼不得追求成为城市地标建筑，严禁配套建设大型广场、公园等设施。
(原标题：《反对浪费条例》：取消一般公务用车(2))
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