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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/26 9:05:38 Sinopec pipeline explosion damaged insured or exceeding 1 billion yuan
"Introduction," Sinopec Qingdao explosion accidents remained the focus of attention, sources said, coverage for damaged oil pipeline is likely to exceed 1 billion yuan. The explosion accident insurance will pay? Insurance companies would bear much bigger losses? How insurance and reinsurance business is involved high risks in the chemical industry?
Authorities wide nets in Beijing November 25, according to the economic voice of the world of finance company reported that Sinopec Qingdao oil pipeline damaged in an explosion accident, the sum insured is likely to exceed 1 billion dollars. But Sinopec didn't disclose official information related to insurance.
A person close to Sinopec told reporters that the accident of Sinopec oil pipeline by a direct insurance company underwriting, then from several reinsurance reinsurance. Because of this policy include a petrochemical pipelines across the country, petroleum refineries and filling stations and other facilities, total sum insured policy a conservative estimate there are hundreds of billions of dollars, involve the explosion accident of oil pipeline coverage of about 1 billion yuan.
Reporters went to find a insurance industry, the person handling the policy, said some of them probably do not disclose the information. The person said, the policy might be a better insurance policy may cover petrochemical facilities across the country, including oil pipelines, oil refineries and gas stations, and so the overall coverage, conservatively estimated that there could be hundreds of billions of Yuan. Involve the explosion accident of oil pipelines, since at the beginning of time, their investment should be around 1.3 billion, it estimated the amount should be around 1 billion yuan.
According to a person being interviewed by local media reporters, Sinopec currently compensation did not say anything to the public merely expressing regret.
Reporter: Sinopec is now an apology, but local people say, causing casualties, an apology alone is not enough. After the accident, Qingdao contact OCI convened an emergency overnight, timed a day requires companies to have a more rapid reporting of the progress of claims, claims published by the insurance industry as a whole a day schedule. We also understand that insurance is very positive, but many insurance companies also did not say the specific payment conditions.
A person close to Sinopec, Sinopec uses the self-insurance fund, while CNOOC and PetroChina are not used generally by a commercial model, in her view, the current insurance model there is a big risk of Sinopec.
Professionals: Sinopec the actually selected the self-insurance fund, including PetroChina and CNOOC, have explored form of captive insurance companies. CNOOC's captive insurance companies were registered in Hong Kong, PetroChina's captive insurance companies are granted in October last year by the China insurance regulatory Commission to raise now should have not opened. Disadvantages of captive insurance, mainly lies in the fact that capital accumulation is not particularly fast, so it have limited the scope of protection, the Fund did not develop to a great deal of time, if an accident occurs, the Fund and may not be sufficient to cover the risk of accidents.
Related news
Petrochemical industry insurance underwriting models--two of self-protection and shangbao
In fact, since 2010, there have been many similar incidents in China's petrochemical industry, including oil-spill from tank explosion, oil refining equipment, such as fire and explosion accidents, not only caused great damage to State property, also brought a different level of casualties.
Petrochemical industry with a high degree of risk, professional and strong features. In General, the Petro-chemical enterprises on their risk management, there are two forms of self-insurance and commercial insurance, two kinds of protection exist side by side. Among them, the self protection is relatively small, insurance business insurance is relatively large.
1, self into the self-insurance fund and captive insurance companies in two modes, different options for petrochemical enterprises are also different. The Qingdao Huangdao oil pipeline owned by Sinopec, is the selection of the self-insurance fund, enterprise has a "safe production guarantee fund" (hereinafter referred to as "Security Fund"). It is reported that the Security Fund established the basis for 1997, the Ministry of Finance jointly issued by the China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation with Sinopec safety guarantee fund regulations, which provided security fund units in accordance with the original value of fixed assets and inventories at the end book extract 4 ‰ of the average balance of the Fund.
Belong to the same domestic petrochemical giant PetroChina and CNOOC, will explore the establishment of captive insurance companies in recent years. In October 2012, China insurance regulatory Commission approval for China to establish a captive insurance company, the company registered capital of 5 billion yuan, registered in Karamay city, Xinjiang. CNOOC also set up a captive insurance company registered in Hong Kong, CNOOC insurance limited.
Insiders noted that the captive a slower way to accumulate funds, risk once you accumulate enough funds through large risks, the Fund will not be enough to deal with. A person who engaged in the reinsurance of the insurance papers journalists said the self-insurance security fund part of Sinopec currently guarantees very low proportion of the overall risk, mainly for the deductible portion of commercial insurance, and improve risk management, risk, and so on. Involves greater risk, Sinopec's choice for commercial insurance.
2, commercial insurance risk cover is also the international prevailing practice in the petrochemical industry. Said one foreign reinsurance companies, foreign oil companies have a risk assessment Department, let them decide what is through self-insurance or shangbao risk cover. Every company is different, depending on surrounding area of industry, size, and other factors for consideration. Some large foreign oil companies have a captive insurance company, but not many parts left to protect themselves, most will disperse the risk to commercial insurance companies.
In commercial insurance, insurance products for the petrochemical industry is relatively complex. Who is in a reinsurance brokerage industry, oil transportation pipeline similar to the insured is generally divided into the construction duration and operating period. Build duration main guarantee construction of risk, if the time span is longer, riskier, usually for a number of insurance coinsurance and reinsurance arrangements. Operating period of relative risk can be controlled, generally consists of 3 types of guarantees: the property all risks, protect the enterprise's own property; second, business interruption, pipeline disruptions caused by the downstream production loss protection; third, public liability insurance, provide guarantees for third party financial and personal losses.
Industry sources said, in a foreign country, petrochemical companies in related businesses, liability insurance must be bought, if the Government does not allow it to operate. But at home, after relatively weak due to the insured person's insurance awareness, attention to business insurance and is started only in recent years.
Ecological civilization and who's going to care?
Sinopec Qingdao oil pipeline explosion incident, making the largest kelp farm in Jiaozhou Bay in Shandong peninsula, has been seriously polluted by oil spills.
Oil spill area is located near the docks in the Jiaozhou Bay, about 2 km from the conflagration. Stones on the promenade is covered in black oil, more than 10 meters wide, the drain has a bottom fishing boat. In the waters around the pier, raking ships, maritime and other sectors, laying multiple booms. Some staff members said, "floating the essential oil is difficult to handle, bituminous substances for the sediment to the bottom of the rock is more difficult to eliminate hazards. ”
As at 23rd, maritime search and rescue Center, Qingdao, China has invested booms 3,000 meters in the sea, mobilizing oil-eliminating 80 tons, have sprayed about 40 tons; called oil-absorbing rope is about 5,000 meters, called linoleum 20 tons of oil spill equipment and other equipment.
Deflagration admittedly awful, but even in the absence of a conflagration, where the ecological environment is truly worrisome. Over 16,000 people living in this community is less than 1 km to the North, stands dozens of giant oil storage tanks, large and small, except Sinopec Huangdao oil depots, there are parasitic on the dozens of chemical enterprises in the petrochemical industry chain. The conflagration spread of Qingdao lidong Chemical Co is a manufacturer of aromatics such as benzene, toluene and p-xylene large factory of chemical products, raw materials for production are heavy naphtha from crude oil or petroleum which are made, also belong to flammable and explosive materials.
Buried deep in the vicinity of densely populated areas, and an invisible section of oil pipeline; and of the building the more massive oil tank chemical warehouse; often filled with strange scents in the air; the longer bald people Yang defeated Liu, oily barking smelly water in the spillway ... ... Huangdao oil depot was formed a small corner of the unique "landscape", a malformation of the blind pursuit of scale and capacity to create ecological environment.
Mexico Gulf oil spill led to the biggest energy insurance payment
UBS published an analytical report, compensation for oil spills causing environment aftercare and may take up to 12 billion dollars. As initiator of the oil spill case, United Kingdom petroleum (BP) and Switzerland across the ocean drilling company and other responsible parties will face a huge compensation, of insurers underwriting this rig project, underwriting 700 million dollar insurance policy of Lloyd's and other insurers are also involved to the judicial proceedings.
It was reported that insurance company Catlin group limited said in a statement, Mexico oil spill could become a self-papaaerfa oil platform largest insured losses in the energy market since the 1988 fires.
(Original title: Sinopec pipeline explosion damaged insured or exceeding 1 billion yuan in _fin)
【导读】中石化青岛爆燃事故仍然是大家关注的焦点，有消息人士称，受损的输油管道保额可能超过10亿元。此次燃爆事故的保险将如何赔付？相关保险公司会承担多大的损失？保险、再保险业务是如何介入高风险化工行业的？
央广网财经北京11月25日消息 据经济之声《天下公司》报道，中石化青岛爆燃事故中受损的输油管道，保额可能超过10亿元。不过目前中石化官方还没有披露相关保险信息。
一位接近中石化的人士告诉记者，此次中石化事故输油管道由一家直保公司承保，再由多家再保险公司分保。由于这个保单囊括了中石化在全国范围内的输油管道、石油炼化厂及加油站等设施，保单总保额保守估计有上千亿元，涉及这次爆燃事故的石油管道保额大概在10亿元以上。
记者辗转找到一位保险业人士，该人士经手了这一笔保单，表示其中有一些可能信息不方便透露。这位人士说，这个保单应该是比较大的保单，可能涵盖了中石化在全国范围内的一些设施，包括输油管道、石油炼化厂以及加油站等总体的保额，保守估计可能有上千亿人民币。涉及这次燃爆事故的石油管道，因为在初期的时候，它们的投资额应该是13亿左右，所以它的保额估算应该在10亿元左右。
据一位正在当地采访的媒体记者介绍，目前中石化对公众的赔偿并没有任何表示，只是表达了歉意。
记者：中石化现在是道歉，但是当地老百姓认为，造成这么大的伤亡，仅仅道歉是不够的。这次事故发生以后，青岛保监局连夜召开了一个应急处置联系工作会，每天定时要求各家公司对理赔的进展情况有一个比较快速的汇报，每天由保监局公布整个行业的理赔进度。我们也多方了解到，保险业非常积极，但很多家保险公司也并没有说具体赔付的情况。
一位接近中石化的人士介绍，这次中石化采用的是自保基金的方式，而没有采用中海油和中石油通常采用的商业保险模式，她认为，目前中石化的保险模式存在很大风险。
专业人士：中石化这次其实选用了自保基金的方式，包括中石油和中海油都有探索自保公司的形式。中海油的自保公司是在香港注册的，中石油的自保公司是去年10月份刚刚由保监会批筹，现在应该还没有开业。自保方式主要的弊端就在于，资金的积累并不是特别的快，所以它保障的范围也有限，基金没有发展到很大的时候，如果发生事故，可能这个基金并不能足以覆盖事故的风险。
相关新闻
石油化工保险的两种承保模式——自保和商保
事实上，2010年以来，我国石油化工行业发生了多起类似事故，包括油渣罐爆炸、炼油装置发生泄漏起火、闪爆事故等，不仅对国家财产造成巨大损失，也带来了不同程度的人员伤亡。
石油化工行业具有风险度高、专业性强的特点。一般来说，石油化工企业对自身风险管理一般有自保和投保商业保险两种形式，两种保障方式并存。其中，自保保障占比较小，投保商业保险占比较大。
1、自保分为自保基金和自保公司两种方式，不同的石化企业选择也不同。此次青岛市黄岛输油管道所属的中石化选用的是自保基金形式，企业内部设有“安全生产保证基金”(以下简称“安保基金”)。据悉，安保基金设立依据为1997年财政部与中石化联合印发的《中国石油化工总公司安全生产保证基金管理办法》，其中规定安保基金缴纳单位按照期末固定资产原值和存货账面平均余额的4‰提取基金。
而同属国内石化巨头的中石油和中海油，则在近年探索建立自保公司的形式。2012年10月，中国保监会批准中石油建立自保公司，公司注册资本金为50亿元，注册地为新疆克拉玛依市。中海油也在香港注册成立了一家自保公司，即中海石油保险有限公司。
业内人士指出，用自保方式积累基金速度较慢，一旦在积累足够风险基金之前发生较大风险事故，基金将不足以应对。一位从事再保的人士对《中国保险报》记者表示，目前安保基金提供的自保部分在中石化整体风险保障中占比很低，主要用于应对商业保险的免赔额部分，以及一些风险管理、风险改善等工作。涉及较大的风险，中石化多选用投保商业保险的方式。
2、投保商业保险进行风险保障也是国际石化企业的普遍做法。一位外资再保险公司人士表示，国外的石油公司都有一个风险评估部门，由他们来决定是通过自保还是商保进行风险保障。每家公司的情况都不一样，一般会根据行业本身、规模、周边环境等因素进行考量。国外一些大型石油公司都设有自保公司，但留下自保的部分并不多，大多数风险都会分散给商业保险公司。
而在投保商业保险方面，为石油化工行业提供的保险产品也相对复杂。一位从事再保经纪的业内人士介绍，类似的石油运输管道投保一般分为建工期和运营期。建工期主要保障建筑工程的风险，如果时间跨度较长，风险较高，一般为多家保险机构共保，并进行再保安排。运营期的风险相对可控，一般由3个险种保障：一是财产一切险，保障企业自身的财产损失;二是营业中断险，为管道因故中断所造成的下游生产生活损失进行保障;三是公众责任险，对第三方财务及人身损失提供保障。
业内人士表示，在国外，石油化工企业在进行相关业务时，相关责任保险一定要买，否则政府不允许其运营。但在国内，此前由于投保人的保险意识相对较薄弱，重视并购买商业保险也是近年才开始的。
生态文明谁来关注？
中石化青岛输油管线爆燃事故，使得这个有着山东半岛最大海带养殖场的胶州湾，受到了原油泄漏的严重污染。
原油泄漏地区位于胶州湾码头附近，距爆燃地点约2公里。堤岸上的石块全被黑色的原油覆盖，10余米宽的排水渠里有一艘沉底的渔船。在码头附近海域，多辆清污船只在工作，海事等部门布设多道围油栏。一些工作人员说“海面漂浮的油花很难处理，沉积到海底岩石的沥青类物质更是难以消除危害。”
截至23日16时，青岛市海上搜救中心在海上已投入围油栏3000米，调集消油剂80吨，已经喷洒使用约40吨；调用吸油拖缆约5000米，调用吸油毡20吨，以及其他溢油设备器材。
爆燃诚然可怕，可是即使没有爆燃，这里的生态环境也着实令人担忧。在这片居住着1.6万人的小区北面不足1公里处，矗立着大大小小几十个巨型储油罐，除了中石化的黄岛油库，还有寄生在石化产业链上的几十家各类化工企业。此次受爆燃事故波及的青岛丽东化工有限公司就是一家生产苯、甲苯、对二甲苯等芳香族化工产品的大型工厂，其生产所需原料是重石脑油，由原油或石油加工而成，也属于易燃易爆物品。
深埋于稠密居民区附近、看不见摸不着的条条输油管道；越建越多的巨型油罐群和化学品仓库；空气里经常弥漫的奇怪气味；越长越秃的残杨败柳，泄洪渠里沾满油污的一汪汪臭水……形成了黄岛油库区一隅的独特“风景”，一个盲目追求规模和产能造就的畸形生态环境。
墨西哥湾漏油案导致最大能源险赔付
瑞银集团发布的一份分析报告称，漏油导致的环境善后和赔偿可能需要120亿美元。作为漏油案件的始作俑者，英国石油公司(BP)和瑞士越洋钻探公司等责任方将面临巨额赔偿，承保这一钻井平台项目的保险商，承保了7亿美元保单的劳合社和其他一些保险商也被牵扯至司法诉讼中。
据报道，保险公司卡特林集团股份有限公司在一份声明中说，墨西哥原油泄漏很可能成为自帕帕阿尔法石油平台1988年发生大火以来的最大能源市场保险损失。
（原标题：中石化爆燃受损输油管道保额或超10亿元_fin）
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