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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/27 9:15:07 Family Planning Commission of Sichuan Province： the province due to family planning have fewer 40 million people
Always is important in economic and social development of the population's basic position. The CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decision made, adhere to the basic State policy of family planning, launch party is the policy of one-child couples to have two children. This is important strategic plan of the central situation, fully embodies the Party Central Committee attached great importance to population development, speaks volumes about the population issue remains the need to continue to deepen the reform of our country's major problems, prompted us to a deeper step thoroughly examined and planned, the new phase of the family planning work in the new period.
-Yao Yixian
What demographic development philosophy, are determined by objective reality
Development is the absolute principle. Economic development is a prerequisite for enriching the province, is the history of China and dream chapter based in Sichuan province. Our province is a populous province, but "big but not strong" features are clear. To ensure that people live a happy life, maintain reasonable population size is to promote development of righteousness. Since family planning, under the correct leadership of the party committees and Governments, our province's implementation of the family planning policy is a nice, too fast population growth under control, fewer and more than 40 million people, the population reproduction pattern to achieve historic change, for the sound and rapid economic and social development has created a demographic dividend for a longer time period, for our province to build a well-off society has laid a solid foundation.
Population balanced coordinated economic and social population, resources and environment, is the economic and social development and ecology civilization construction must follow an important principle. Resources environment and non-renewable, unlimited economic and social inclusion. Large population base in our province, particularly in the agricultural population, mass fertility concepts is not fundamentally change, family development, endogenous fertility demand continues to be high, such as old age security, an annual increase of population of a midsize County population and unbalanced economic and social development, more tension on population and resources environmental, economic and social pressure is more heavily. Three ten-session plenary session of provincial party Committee pointed out that Sichuan "population, weak, uneven, under developed" basic provincial situation not changed at all. Therefore, to continue stabilizing the low fertility level, for the implementation of "three major development strategies" and achieve "two spans" create favorable population environment, must adhere to the basic State policy of family planning, which is based the framework of population and development policies.
Follow what kind of demographic development paths, is the inherent law of ruling
Reform was caused by issues forced and deepening in the problem solving. Historically, the province's total fertility rate was 7.38 per cent, when the family planning policy, is based on a profound awareness of population issues. At present, and in most provinces, a substantial change in the demographic situation in our province, total inertia of a weak population growth, population aging faster, one-child families risk appeared now to gradually improve the family planning policy is also based on scientific judgment on the current population situation.
Population policy is a strategic policy. An led meter, one attached to the people's livelihood, any reform initiative could be far-reaching. At the same time, effect with hysteresis characteristics of population development, policy reforms often takes many years to see the effect. The slightest mistake, it could have irreversible consequences. Therefore, on the reform and improvement of family planning policies, the Central and provincial Government adheres to prudent and rigorous manner. Fertility policy opened the Dahe will lead to fertility on the ups and downs, as evidenced by demographic changes on the track, is the huge swing after some years the total population, are not conducive to the healthy and sustainable development of economy and society.
At present, the improvement of reproductive policy, actively yet prudently, gradually improve the tone of reforms should be upheld, amidst, into playing it, cannot readily be "cake", which is fertility policy over the years achieved an important experience in the practice. "Steady", not cautious, reluctant; "in" nor a reckless, Braves, however, but to get the timing, method and maintain process control, risk control. Central decided from started implementation party is only children of couples can fertility two a children of policy set out to, gradually adjustment perfect fertility policy, keep has fertility policy of continuity and stability, reflected has reform of systemic, and overall sex and together sex, secure feasible, not only conducive to keep fertility level General stable, also not appeared compared serious of "was born stacked", not to education, and employment, and health, public resources configuration and economic social development brings adverse impact. (Writer, Director of the provincial population and family planning Commission, Party Secretary and)
人口始终在经济社会发展中处于重要的基础性地位。《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》提出，坚持计划生育的基本国策，启动实施一方是独生子女的夫妇可生育两个孩子的政策。这是中央审时度势作出的重大战略部署，充分体现了党中央对人口发展的高度重视，充分说明了人口问题仍是我国需要继续深化改革的重大问题，促使我们更深一步全面审视和谋划新时期、新阶段的计划生育工作。
□姚义贤
坚持什么样的人口发展理念，是客观现实决定的
发展是硬道理。经济发展是富民强省的先决条件，是谱写中国梦四川篇章的基础。我省是一个人口大省，但“大而不强”的特征十分明显。要让人民群众过上幸福美好的生活，保持合理的人口规模是推进发展的题中之义。实行计划生育以来，在各级党委、政府的正确领导下，我省生育政策得到了较好的贯彻执行，人口过快增长得到有效控制，少生人口4000多万，人口再生产类型实现历史性转变，为经济社会又好又快发展创造了一段较长时间的人口红利期，为我省全面建成小康社会打下了坚实的基础。
人口经济社会相协调、人口资源环境相均衡，是经济社会发展和生态文明建设必须遵循的重要原则。资源环境不可再生，经济社会不能无限包容。我省人口基数大，特别是农业人口较多，群众生育观念未发生根本性转变，家庭发展、养老保障等内生性生育需求仍然较为旺盛，每年新增人口相当于一个中等县的人口总量，同时经济社会发展不平衡，人口与资源环境的关系较为紧张，对经济社会的压力较为沉重。省委十届三次全会指出，四川“人口多、底子薄、不平衡、欠发达”的基本省情没有根本改变。因此，继续稳定低生育水平，为实施“三大发展战略”、实现“两个跨越”创造良好人口环境，必须长期坚持计划生育基本国策，这也是我国人口发展政策的框架基础。
遵循什么样的人口发展路径，是内在规律支配的
改革是由问题倒逼而产生，又在不断解决问题中得以深化。历史上，我省的总和生育率曾高达7.38，当时计划生育政策的产生，是基于对当时人口问题的深刻认识。目前，与全国多数省份一样，我省人口形势发生了重大变化，人口总量呈弱惯性增长，人口老龄化速度加快，独生子女家庭风险显现，现在对计划生育政策进行逐步完善，也是基于对目前人口形势的科学判断。
人口政策是带有战略性的大政策。一头牵系国计，一头连着民生，任何改革举措都可能牵一发而动全身。同时，人口发展效果具有迟滞性特征，政策改革的效果往往要经过多少年才能看到。稍有不慎，就可能产生无法逆转的后果。因此，在计划生育政策的改革和完善上，中央和省委、省政府一向秉持审慎而严谨的态度。生育政策上的大开大合，会造成生育水平上的大起大落，表现在人口变动轨迹上，就是若干年后人口总量的巨幅震荡，都不利于经济社会的健康持续发展。
当前，对生育政策的完善，应坚持积极稳妥、逐步完善的改革基调，稳中求进，进中求稳，不能随便“翻烧饼”，这也是多年来生育政策调控实践中取得的一条重要经验。“稳”，不是谨小慎微，裹足不前；“进”，也不是不顾风险，冒然而动，而是要讲时机、讲方法，保持过程可控、风险可控。中央决定从启动实施一方是独生子女的夫妇可生育两个孩子的政策着手，逐步调整完善生育政策，保持了生育政策的连续性和稳定性，体现了改革的系统性、整体性和协同性，稳妥可行，不仅有利于保持生育水平总体稳定，也不会出现比较严重的“出生堆积”，不会给教育、就业、卫生等公共资源配置以及经济社会发展带来不利影响。(作者系省人口计生委党组书记、主任)
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