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The author:(作者)qqpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/27 9:21:02 Original Nanchang University President： fellow of the retirement or not can not engage in prevention
Anachronistic old-school fellows
Pan Jiluan member is 86 years old, but "retired" is still a very distant thing.
Beijing early winter morning, wearing a blue baseball cap he pan, wrapped in gray woolen cloth coat, kicking up a used bike, "WHIR" to walk through the campus of Tsinghua University.
Wheels roll over yellow foliage from time to time, all the way north from his dormitory and taken to the Department of mechanical engineering welding Museum. This three-story old buildings older than the smaller fellow 28-year old, was built in 1955. At that time, Pan Jiluan setting up welding at Tsinghua University here.
In this old weld Hall, "Pan Jiluan" three words hanging on the walls in the foyer, living in a pile of names in the head position. However, for a lot of the general public said that the difficult to pronounce name, was also very strange.
Many of the achievements associated with Pan Jiluan, has been written into textbooks. For example, a high school student in Geography textbook read in qinshan nuclear power plant, he is welding consultant for the project.
A lot of people don't know that when they take over the high-speed rail, when Mercedes-Benz on the tracks, and that touch plate weld Hall old fellow, delicate relation. Pan Lao had the coldest time of the year, wearing a thick jacket, stood on the Nanjing section beside the tracks, late at night in the determination of rail welding process. This year, academicians over 80 years old, POON.
However, this "trapped" welding experts in the field for more than 50 years, age is not a measure of whether he has the "old" the only indicator.
His colleagues in several rounds of Jun Zheng said, "teachers pan is still very young." The old fellow like young people, play micro, micro-blogging, a home computer QQ "THUMP THUMP" on the voice sounded from time to time.
In spite of a very old man, he can without the aid of glasses and easily looked up the phone number. Free shuttle in welding robots to stitch together a block of iron and through gaps in the wall, leaned casually picked up a piece of normal adults weigh off the plate. Of course, he also clearly say weld the rotational speed of the rotor diameter of an engine, and the air pressure value.
The founder of Chinese welding science, spread out his hands, said confidently: "I now study subjects, weld the cutting edge of, such as" superb supercritical "still does not solve the world's problems. ”
Although Pan Jiluan doesn't think the study "out of date", but he said in a calm voice: "I am an old-fashioned and outdated scientist. ”
Like many elderly elderly people Pan Jiluan likes to go back to the past. Every now and then he and his young colleagues for dinner, while his cuisine, says of his Southwest.
Pan Jiluan graduated more than 50-year old alumni, is now the President of the Alumni Association in Southwest Beijing. He said the reason was chosen as the President of, because "so young". The average age of China's famous alumni, is over 90 years old.
Now, as they get older to Ascend, Pan Jiluan memories, the more you love searching for Southwest, "weld".
On November 3 last year, "Southwest school 75 anniversary of the General Assembly", the Pan Jiluan and more than more than 100 old school friends, together. Some of them were families help, there had been "stunned".
At that time, many of them running my hands along the table, standing she was unsteady, sing the anthem of the Southwest. They sang "how hard is it to worry new yin is fundamental, glimpse of Greek philosophy before. Get rid of Chou Koufu God Beijing, Yan Jie ", the Pan Jiluan was" thrilled ". He looked around and saw tears ran down many ravines covered with face, look down there was.
Pan Jiluan says he's too old, like, "get the job done", because of their "lifetime trapped in this cause," do "can do for your country".
"Patriotic" came out from the mouth of the old scientist said, in the ears of many of his students and colleagues, "it does not empty at all."
More than 20 years old, from our hometown of Jiujiang fled to Kunming in the gunfire Pan Jiluan, "national taste to be lost".
At this point, just Pan Jiluan sitting in my old weld Hall, "welding" when difficult times of the past, swaying many young shadow outside the window. On this day in 2014, the civil service "examination day".
Each generation of young people, are faced with life choices. Pan Jiluan active candidates that year when welding, this subject is still very quiet. People would laugh at him then: learn to weld? Welding of tinplate maker, bicycle repair, huh?
Obviously, when Pan Jiluan decided to learn welding, and does not anticipate a bright future. However, he believes that "in the development of this technology will play an important role in the construction of the new China."
Southwest 44 Alumni said, "then reading, seeking purely learned, don't want fame and future. ”
In his view, and in 1980 was elected as academician Chinese Academy of Sciences (academician), is a "foresight after" thing. He remembers when the "fill out a form", simply write down the complete works, and "did not send several papers". Later, he was told, "commentary on fellow".
"I have received the honor, not the result I'm after. "Pan Jiluan said.
Contact Pan Jiluan people judge him, "fame and fortune, and insensitive."
Academician Pan after ageing, the thing will make him miss, there's not much. In 1992, he started as President of Nanchang University test. 10, he has been trying to put Southwest school and how that "welded" to the Nanchang University.
Personality indolent pan in the eyes of many principals, showed reformers "with an iron fist". His introduction of undergraduate education reform in Nanchang University, the implementation of a "credit unit system", "out" and "rolling competition".
Entering the University of Nanchang, Pan Jiluan inside and outside for a walk around the campus at night, often see students in ballroom dancing and playing table tennis. These scenes are clearly University of memories of his life, is not consistent.
He always recalled the dormitory is so heavy that year, students go to school near the tea house, reading and writing papers. Always talking about is an example of Chinese at the southwest of Wang Zeng, "Kunming tea brewed in" novel.
Pan Jiluan to reverse the Nanchang University studies. "Three systems" welded track, with the obvious characteristics of the Southwest. He did not hesitate to own freshman had failed the physical exam, and Southwest "more than 8,000 students, only really graduated more than 3,000 people."
As President of Nanchang University, Pan Jiluan "scratch teaching and research", but he was not directly in charge of the school's financial and personnel.
"He is a principal of decentralization. "Pan Jiluan in Nanchang University, a colleague said.
Clearly, the old principal is very understanding, "money and people, even if it was control of the House, are very much power. "But he is not close to these powers.
Pan Jiluan Southwest-style methods, partitions of Nanchang University. Most obvious was, weak institutions in the past, in his fifth year on, become a national "211" universities.
However, some students and subordinates say Pan Jiluan, they did not follow President "sequence", nor is "affordable."
Speaking of his mentor, taught at Nanchang University Zhang hua, "bitter water". As the principal student, Susan is not "more resources". In contrast, Pan Jiluan told him: "you'll do it in obscurity, to earn subject at school, so don't expect to get the money. ”
Once Pan Jiluan 6 years Secretary Xu Liping, Pan is the section when he took office, until he leaves office, leave school until their ranks have not changed.
At that time, as Secretary to the principal, Xu Liping dare not print business cards, "so old, is Chief, really sorry."
While Pan Jiluan himself, for the title on the card, do not care. In 2002, he stepped down from the post of Chancellor of the University of Nanchang, back to Tsinghua's weld Hall.
"The Chancellor is not my career. Scientific research, something is flapping up there in my life. "Pan Jiluan said.
Starting from 75 years, his identity is a "no light" the welding experts. Of course, he is a fellow. But in his view, the academicians in him, just an honor, not power.
He has no administrative titles, no Secretaries. His team with an average age of 60 years, covering some Abscisic weld Hall research issues at the forefront of the field of welding in the world.
Nowadays, the screen will jump out of the Twitter News and old academicians, know that people are discussing the Academician system.
Academician Pan does not deny that "individual units ' packaging ' fellow". He also admits that "individual academicians unit luxury vase. Fellow, this is the ' alienation ' phenomenon ".
Welding of one of China's most famous experts, academicians and research surrounding the problems in the sector, compared to steel's "crack". However, early on with "hot crack" as a research orientation Pan Jiluan, overcome countless technical difficulties, but it is hard to work out those exposed on the social fabric of "crack", "what to do about it."
If you dig road "crack", Pan Jiluan believes that people worried about fellow retirement, fellow, doesn't like to become "academic resource monopolies", or enjoy "special treatment".
Now Pan Jiluan is still in a bad light in the room in weld Hall Office. Information piled against the wall, that some books are pushed to the window sill. His Brown desk and coffee table corner is partially off paint, wood painted in the nude.
When he was headmaster at Nanchang University, Office more than this scene to scene "shabby". He pushed in the Office building in the southwest corner of the 12 square metres of housing, Secretary Xu Liping in the aisle with glass-partitioned off for only one Office.
People have tried to convince him, "Pan President, foreign scholars to visit you too, for large Office. ”
But Pan Jiluan determined not to change, adding that "Southwest when conditions much better than this."
So far, his only "Accessories", was at the time served as President of. It was donated to the school for international students in a older Nissan cars. His driver couldn't help complaining: "Miss, get a new car. ”
That car was finally not be replaced, "the last was scrapped". Academician Pan electric bicycle for a car. He was 80 years old birthday, students gave him it is now riding a silver "mounts", replace that bulky and the battery always broke down before the "dinosaur".
Lift the academicians should like the old electric "retired", gentle Pan Jiluan some emotion. He opposes "using administrative way to address the issue of high intellectual talent".
"Fellow retired, not across. Individual circumstances are not the same. "Academician pan is an excellent metaphor," it's like looking for expert registration, anyone who asks me to help them solve problems. If I don't, no one will come to me. "
If there is no "old fool", academician Pan wanted to ride his motor bike, "WHIR" shuttle in Tsinghua garden all year round.
(Original title: fellow of the anachronistic old-school)
不合时宜的老派院士
潘际銮院士86岁了，但“退休”仍然是件很遥远的事情。
北京初冬的一个早晨，戴着蓝色棒球帽的潘老先生，裹着灰色呢子大衣，蹬起一辆半旧的电动自行车，“呼呼”地穿行在清华大学校园里。
车轮子不时滚过枯黄的落叶，一路把他从北边的宿舍楼，带到机械工程系的焊接馆。这座三层老建筑物的楼龄比这位院士还要小28岁，建于1955年。那时，潘际銮在这里筹建清华大学焊接专业。
在这座老焊接馆，“潘际銮”三个字高挂在门厅的墙壁上，居于一堆名字里最顶头的位置。不过，对很多普通公众说，这个难读的名字，同样也很陌生。
与潘际銮相关的很多成就，已经被写进教科书。比如，中学生在地理课本里读到的秦山核电站，他是这项工程的焊接顾问。
很多人不知道，当他们乘坐着高铁，奔驰在铁轨上时，已和那位在焊接馆摸钢板的老院士，产生微妙的关联。潘老先生曾在一年中最寒冷的时候，穿着厚棉袄，站在南京段的铁轨边上，在深夜里测定钢轨的焊接工艺。这年，潘院士已经年过80岁了。
不过，对这位“身陷”焊接领域50多年的专家而言，年龄不是衡量他是否已经“老”了的唯一指标。
比他小好几轮的同事郑军说，“潘老师还很年轻呢”。这位老院士像年轻人一样，玩微信、看微博，家中电脑QQ“噔噔”上线的声音不时响起。
尽管已过耄耋之年，他可以不借助眼镜，轻松地翻查手机号码。他自由穿梭在铁块拼接起来的焊接机器人和墙角的缝隙间，俯下身随手拣起一块普通成年人掂得动的钢板。当然，他还能清晰地说出某个发动机焊接转子的转速、直径以及气压值。
这位中国焊接科学的奠基者，摊开双手，自信地说：“我现在研究的课题，是焊接领域的前沿，比如“高超超临界”，仍是没有解决的世界难题。”
尽管，潘际銮丝毫不认为自己的研究“过时”了，但是他用坦然的语气说：“我是一个老派的过时的科学家。”
如同许多上了岁数的老人家，潘际銮喜欢回忆往事。他时常和年轻的同事吃饭时，一边夹着菜，一边念叨起他的西南联大。
毕业50多年的老校友潘际銮，如今是西南联大北京校友会的会长。他说，自己之所以被选为会长，是因为“还很年轻”。这个中国著名校友会成员的平均年龄，已经超过90岁。
如今，年纪越往上攀登，潘际銮的记忆，就越爱寻找属于西南联大的“焊接点”。
去年11月3日，在“西南联大建校75周年纪念大会”上，潘际銮和一百多位老校友，聚在一起。他们有的被家属扶着，还有的已经“糊里糊涂了”。
当时，他们中的很多人双手抚着桌沿，颤颤巍巍地站着，齐声唱着西南联大的校歌。他们唱到“多难殷忧新国运，动心忍性希前哲。待驱除仇寇复神京，还燕碣”时，潘际銮的心里“激动不已”。他环顾四周，看到眼泪顺着很多张布满沟壑的脸，往下淌着。
潘际銮说，他这么大岁数，还想“干活”，是因为自己“终身陷在这个事业里了”，仍然“可以为国家做贡献”。
“爱国”从这位老科学家的口里说出来，在他的很多学生和同事的耳朵里听着，“一点儿都不空洞”。
20多岁时，在炮火声中从老家九江逃难到昆明的潘际銮，“知道国家要亡了的滋味”。
此刻，正当潘际銮坐在老旧的焊接馆里，“焊接”着往日的艰难岁月时，窗外晃动着很多年轻的身影。这一天，是2014年公务员“国考”日。
每一代青年人，都面临着人生选择。当年潘际銮主动报考焊接专业时，这门学科还很冷清。当时还有人笑话他：学焊接？学焊洋铁壶、修自行车干吗？
显然，当潘际銮决定学焊接时，并不能预见是否有光明的个人前途。不过，他认为，“这门发展中的技术会为新中国的建设发挥重要作用”。
这个西南联大44级校友说，“那时候读书，纯粹求学问，不想功名和前途。”
在他看来，1980年当选为中国科学院学部委员(院士)，是件“后知后觉”的事情。他回忆，当时“填了一张表”，简单地写下完成的工程成果，而且“当时也没发几篇论文”。后来，他被告知，“评上院士了”。
“我所获得的荣誉，都不是我追求的结果。”潘际銮说。
不少接触过潘际銮的人一致评价他，“对名和利，不敏感”。
潘院士步入晚年以后，能让他惦念的事情，已经不多。1992年，他开始作为南昌大学校长的试验。10年间，他一直试图把西南联大的办校理念和方式，“焊接”到南昌大学上去。
很多人眼里性格随和的潘校长，显现出改革者“铁腕”一面。他在南昌大学推行本科教育改革，实行“学分制”、“淘汰制”和“滚动竞争制”。
初入南昌大学，潘际銮晚上在校园里外散步时，经常看到学生在跳交谊舞和打桌球。这些场景显然与他记忆中的大学生活，并不相符合。
他总是回忆起，当年宿舍太拥挤，学生就去学校附近的茶馆看书和写论文。经常说起的例子是，西南联大中文系的汪曾祺，在“昆明的茶馆里泡出来”小说。
潘际銮要扭转南昌大学的学风。“三制”的焊接轨迹，带有明显的西南联大特征。他并不讳言，自己大一时也曾物理考试不及格，而西南联大“8000多学生，真正毕业的只有3000多人”。
作为南昌大学的校长，潘际銮“抓教学和科研”，但他并不直接掌管学校的财务和人事。
“他是个放权的校长。”潘际銮在南昌大学的一位同事说。
显然，这位老校长很了解，“管钱和管人，哪怕只是管分房子，都是很大的权力。”但是，他不亲近这些权力。
潘际銮用西南联大式的方法，重新拼接南昌大学。最明显的成果是，昔日薄弱的院校，在他任上的第五年，成为一所国家“211”重点大学。
不过，潘际銮的一些学生和下属却说，他们并没有跟着校长“沾光”，也没有得到“实惠”。
说起自己的导师，在南昌大学任教的张华，有“苦水”要倒。身为校长的学生，张华没有“获得更多资源”。相反，潘际銮跟他说：“你就默默无闻地干，自己去争取课题，别指望在学校拿钱。”
而曾经给潘际銮做了6年秘书的徐丽萍，在潘上任时是正科级，一直到他卸任，直至自己离校，职级都没有改变。
当时，作为校长秘书，徐丽萍都不敢印名片，“那么大年纪，还是科长，实在不好意思啊”。
而潘际銮本人，对名片上的头衔，并不在意。2002年，他从南昌大学校长的职位上卸任，回到清华园的焊接馆。
“校长不是我的终身事业。科研，才是我一辈子扑在上面的事。”潘际銮说。
从75岁开始，他的身份是个“无官一身轻”的焊接专家。当然，他还是院士。但他认为，院士于他而言，只是一种荣誉，不是权力。
他没有行政头衔，也没有秘书。他带着一个平均年龄60岁的团队，在墙皮有些脱落的焊接馆里，研究世界上焊接领域的前沿问题。
时下，这位手机屏幕里会跳出微博新闻的老院士，知道人们正在讨论院士制度。
潘院士并不否认，“有个别单位在‘包装’院士”。他也不讳言，“个别院士成为给单位装点门面的花瓶。这是院士被‘异化’的现象”。
这个中国最著名的焊接专家，把围绕院士以及科研界存在的问题，比作钢板上的“裂纹”。不过，早期就以“热裂纹”为研究方向的潘际銮，攻克过无数个技术难题，但很难说清这些暴露在社会肌体上的“裂纹”，“究竟该怎么解决”。
如果深入探究那道“裂纹”，潘际銮认为，人们之所以担忧院士的退休问题，是不喜欢院士们成为“学术资源的垄断者”，或者享受“特殊待遇”。
现在，潘际銮仍在焊接馆的一间光线不好的屋子里办公。资料堆到墙边，以至于部分书被挤到窗台上。他的褐色办公桌和矮茶几角，已经部分掉漆，裸出木头的原色。
而他在南昌大学当校长时，办公场景比这一幕还要“寒碜”。他挤在办公楼西南角那间12平方米的屋里，秘书徐丽萍只能在过道上用玻璃隔出一间办公室。
有人劝他：“潘校长，外国学者也要拜访您呢，换间大的办公室吧。”
但潘际銮坚决不换，还说“西南联大那会儿，比这条件差好多呢”。
至今，他唯一享有过的“配车”，是在当校长的时候。那是一辆留学生捐赠给学校的老旧尼桑车。他的司机总忍不住抱怨：“校长，换辆新车吧。”
那辆汽车终于没被换掉，“最后都快报废了”。潘院士的电动自行车倒是换了一辆。他80岁生日时，学生送给他这辆眼下正骑着的银灰色“坐骑”，代替之前那辆电池笨重而且总是坏掉的“老古董”。
提起院士是否应该像老电动车一样“退休”，性情温和的潘际銮会有些激动。他反对“用行政化的方式来处理高知识分子人才问题”。
“院士是否退休，不能搞一刀切。个人情况不一样。”潘院士打比方，“这就像找专家挂号，有人找我帮他们解决难题。要是我没用了，也不会有人来找我了”。
如果没有“老糊涂”，潘院士就想骑着他的电动自行车，“呼呼”地穿梭在清华园的一年四季里。
(原标题：不合时宜的老派院士)
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