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The author:(作者)hpmailerpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/28 8:41:15 Zhoushan Islands， Zhejiang， let alone a second child will be 1
"Consistent with either one or both as residence in Zhoushan and the one for one child, the two parties combined had one-child couples require before they reproduce, with approval, can bear only one child. "November 19, Office of Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province issued a notice, decided to take the lead in implementing a separate second policy.
"Born after November 19 (in line with) children can submit applications, and legitimate birth. "In Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province on population and family planning Commission Director explained to the media.
Zhoushan is the CPC Central Committee on several major issues of comprehensive reform decision made "second child alone" policy, spearheaded the "second child alone".
According to the National Health Commission Panel members Lu Jiehua said early next year, the Zhejiang Provincial people's Congress is also possible through the revision of the regulations of Zhejiang Province on population and family planning, the province's implementation of "second child alone" policy.
Island City of Zhoushan why policies first landed? Zhoushan Zhejiang, as well as the national can bring exemplary? The day before yesterday, the Beijing News reporter Xia Qianfeng conducted an interview with Deputy Secretary for health and family planning Bureau in Zhoushan City.
"Preparations have been completed before the plenary session"
The Beijing News: published reports indicate, the Zhejiang Provincial Government agreed in July this year, implemented in Zhoushan "island special family planning policy".
Xia Qianfeng: we apply was last year appealed to the province's policies this year to formally submit a written report. Central decided to start "second child alone" in the future, and actively communicate with the Zhejiang Provincial Government in Zhoushan and docking. Because the preparation work has been completed, the 19th of this month, population and family planning Commission issued a release to Zhoushan in Zhejiang Province "kids alone" notice.
A: 18 before the third plenary session, many cities are fighting for special family planning policy. Why the decision after the Zhoushan top "ice-breaking"?
Xia Qianfeng: we don't know about other cities. But fertility rates as low as 1 per cent over the years in Zhoushan. As early as 2000 years ago, registered in Zhoushan population began to decline, continued until now. From birth level, household population about 11 consecutive years of negative growth.
The Zhejiang Provincial population and family planning regulations have a "growth in special circumstances" provisions. Island reproductive concepts of mass (compared with ordinary City) is different. We are "single second" as "in Zhoushan Island special policies" to carry it out.
This is probably our lead in implementing "single second" main reason.
A: because Zhoushan is "island" special policy ", second child is alone" special case fertility approval process "for processing. Media and experts, and let go of Zhejiang Province "kids alone" no relationship, does not have a demonstration effect.
Xia Qianfeng: no say in the province (US model). In practice, however, I think in Zhoushan will take on this role. After the implementation of the policy, what problems we encounter are actively reporting to the provincial population and family planning Commission, help develop the next step for the province's family planning policy. After all, we went ahead and try it.
"The survey shows 20% in Zhoushan are two children"
A: then why is Zhoushan's fertility rate is so low? And the modern city planning to do?
Xia Qianfeng: Zhoushan fertility rate have remained at 98% per cent for more than 20 years, but our policies consistent with the province, without tightening. Instead, in the framework of family planning regulations do not exceed this province, gradually expanding the scope of birth the second child. For example, in recent years, many farmers into urban household. We'll follow, "farmer turns non-enjoyment of family planning policy in rural areas within five years of treatment", the right to take care of these people before they reproduce.
In practice, however, people of Zhoushan "two children" very low fertility desires. Survey residence in Zhoushan in women of childbearing age, they would like to have "two kids", and only about 20%. In practice, we have also seen that in rural areas a large number of families are allowed to have a second child, waiver approval indicator of fertility.
A: why, Zhoushan's desire for giving birth so low?
Xia Qianfeng: we made last year such a survey, the situation is complicated. In General, may be related to Zhoushan island culture, productive way.
Zhoushan has been the pursuit of quality of life. In addition, more than 200,000 fishermen in Zhoushan, and do not wish your child a dynastic succession, but rather seeks to bring a child to raise, please do not engage in fisheries production.
Newspaper: zheda demographic experts said that, given the realities of Zhoushan, totally let go of the second child. But due to the province worry, could not be put into effect.
Xia Qianfeng: experts did have such a proposal. We consider that, let go of the second child, stacked might formed birth peak fertility desires, Zhoushan's public service resources in the short term it is difficult to deal with.
The Beijing News: 2011 National District of Zhoushan City. Officially reported to the State Council to establish free trade zone in Zhejiang province a few days ago. Release the "second child alone", with new construction of human needs?
Xia Qianfeng: I think not. Reproductive effects of policy adjustments, it can function for a long time. Wider population planning, short term can be adjusted by population movements. Zhoushan now has been working to attract talent, importing labor.
"Opening to establish demographic forecasting and warning system"
A: ever measured about "second child alone" after release, will be born a year how many people?
Xia Qianfeng: combining our intention survey, probably will add to the 1500 newborns each year. But this is purely a research estimates. People's desire for giving birth, may have turned into actual behavior. But policy after the release, you might also have a herd mentality, with no intention before, reproductive behaviour.
A: worry about information about the clusters have two kids?
Xia Qianfeng: Beware of reproductive accumulation release problems. "Second child alone" policy is implemented, we are about to establish a population forecast and early warning systems, twice a year to the public data pregnancy and birth data in the city.
Newspaper: Zhoushan people worry that lead across the country let alone second in Zhoushan, also might entice people settled down in Zhoushan have children around to form a "policy in depression".
Xia Qianfeng: I don't think it's possible. If the "second child alone" has always been Zhoushan special policies, this situation may occur. But now the Central People's Government has decided to start across the country "second child alone" policy, revised family planning regulations in the provinces after being let go, will not create this situation.
Grass-roots family planning evaluation slightly loose
Newspaper: health meter in Zhoushan Bureau announced that from 19th to March next year, the eligible individual couples to apply for maternity, simplify examination and approval procedures. Is to encourage childbirth, please? How do you simplify?
A: not to encourage fertility. Study on specific procedures have yet to be policy and regulation Department. I understand that for some special cases, such as child birth, but now couples already complies with the special conditions of the policy, applications, district (County) family planning Department initially confirmed eligible, could get approval.
Newspaper: Zhoushan examination for family planning "one-vote veto" system has been reformed?
Xia Qianfeng: last year was trying to modify, but taking into account the central to make adjustments to the family planning policy, so for the time being has not been modified.
But compared with the past, a little loose now assessment of community planning. Even in the event of an unplanned birth, we also have to consider family planning work, service, implementation of the comprehensive, doesn't have to be the "one-vote veto".
Beijing News reporter in Zhoushan, Zhejiang, Wei Ming reports
(Original title: let alone Zhoushan pregnancy data are published twice a year)
“符合双方或一方为舟山户籍且有一方为独生子女、双方合计已生育一个子女的夫妻要求再生育的，经批准，可再生育一个子女。”11月19日，浙江省舟山市政府办公室下发通知，决定率先实施单独二胎政策。
“11月19日后出生(符合政策的)孩子，可以补交申请，也算合法生育。”浙江舟山市人口计生委一负责人对媒体解释。
舟山是《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》提出“单独二胎”政策后，率先实施“单独二胎”的地区。
据国家卫生计生委专家组成员陆杰华透露，明年年初，浙江省人大也有可能通过《浙江省人口与计划生育条例》的修订，全省实施“单独二胎”政策。
海岛城市舟山为何能将政策率先落地？舟山能否给浙江、乃至全国带来示范意义？前日，新京报记者对舟山市卫生计生局副局长夏前峰进行了专访。
“三中全会前准备工作已完成”
新京报：公开报道显示，浙江省委省政府今年7月同意，在舟山实施“海岛特批生育政策”。
夏前峰：我们是去年开始向浙江省提出申请相关政策，今年正式递交书面报告的。中央决定启动“单独二胎”以后，舟山积极与浙江省政府沟通对接。因为前期准备工作已基本完成，本月19日，浙江省人口计生委下发了对舟山放开“单独二胎”的通知。
新京报：十八届三中全会之前，不少城市也在争取特殊生育政策。为何《决定》出台后，舟山率先“破冰”？
夏前峰：其他城市的情况我们不太清楚。但舟山多年来生育率低至1.0左右。早在2000年左右，舟山的户籍人口规模就开始下降，一直持续到现在。从出生水平来说，户籍人口大约连续11年负增长。
另外《浙江省人口与计划生育条例》有一个“特殊情况的生育”规定。海岛群众的生育观念(与普通城市相比)不同。我们是将“单独二胎”作为“舟山海岛特批政策”来实施。
这些情况，恐怕是我们率先实施“单独二胎”的主要原因。
新京报：因为舟山走的是“海岛特批政策”，单独二胎是按“特殊情况生育审批程序”办理的。有媒体和专家称，此举与浙江省放开“单独二胎”无关联，不具有示范作用。
夏前峰：省里没有说(我们是示范)。但实际上，我想舟山会承担这个角色。政策实施后，我们遇到哪些问题，都会积极向省人口计生委汇报，帮助完善下一步全省的生育政策。毕竟我们先行先试嘛。
“调查显示20%舟山人愿生二孩”
新京报：那为什么舟山生育率这么低？和计划生育先进市有关吗？
夏前峰：舟山的计划生育率20多年来都保持在98%以上，但我们的政策此前跟省里一致，没有收紧。相反，我们在不突破省内计生法规的框架下，逐步扩大生育二孩的范围。比如，近年来，许多农民转为城镇户口。我们就按照“农转非五年内仍享受农村计生政策的待遇”，照顾这部分人再生育的权利。
但实际上，舟山人对“二孩”的生育意愿很低。此前调查显示，舟山户籍育龄妇女中，愿意生“二孩”的，只有20%左右。实际工作中，我们还看到，农村大量可以生二孩的家庭，都自动放弃了再生育的审批指标。
新京报：舟山人的生育意愿为何如此之低？
夏前峰：我们去年搞过一个这样的调查，情况比较复杂。总的来看，可能跟舟山的海岛文化、生产生活方式有关。
舟山人一直比较追求生活质量。另外，舟山20多万渔民，不希望孩子子承父业，而是力求将一个子女好好培养，以后不再从事渔业生产。
新京报：浙大人口方面专家说，鉴于舟山实际情况，建议完全放开二胎。但因省里担心，未能付诸实施。
夏前峰：专家确实有过这样的建议。我们考虑到，一下放开二胎，生育意愿堆积可能形成人口出生高峰，舟山的公共服务资源短期内难以应对。
新京报：舟山2011年成为国家级新区。日前浙江向国务院正式上报建立自贸区的请示。放开“单独二胎”，是否有新区建设的人力需要？
夏前峰：我觉得关系不大。生育政策调整带来的影响，长时间才能显现。宏观的人口规划，短期可通过人口流动来调节。目前舟山一直在吸引人才、引入劳动力。
“放开后建立人口预报预警制度”
新京报：有没有测算过“单独二胎”放开后，每年会多出生多少人？
夏前峰：结合我们当时的生育意愿等调查，每年大概会增加1500个新出生人口。但这纯粹是一个研究预估。老百姓的生育意愿，未必会转化成实际行为。但政策放开后，大家可能还会有从众心理，以前没有生育意愿的，有了生育行为。
新京报：担心出现扎堆生二胎的情况吗？
夏前峰：确实要警惕生育堆积释放的问题。“单独二胎”政策实施后，我们马上要设立一个人口预报预警制度，一年两次向社会公布全市的怀孕数据和出生数据。
新京报：有舟山市民担心，舟山在全国率先放开单独二胎，还可能会吸引周边地区的人来舟山落户生孩子，形成“政策洼地”。
夏前峰：我觉得不太可能。如果“单独二胎”一直是舟山的特别政策，可能会出现这种情况。但现在是中央已决定在全国启动“单独二胎”政策，各省修订计生条例后陆续都会放开，不会形成上述局面。
基层计划生育工作考核稍微宽松
新京报：舟山卫计局发布消息，从19日到明年3月，符合条件的单独夫妻申请再生育，简化审批手续。是在鼓励生育吗？你们如何简化？
新京报：不是鼓励生育。具体程序还有待政策法规处研究。我理解，对于一些特殊情况，比如孩子马上要出生，但现在已经符合特殊生育政策条件的夫妻，申请后，区(县)计生部门初步确认符合条件，就可以给审批。
新京报：舟山是否对计划生育考核“一票否决”制进行了改革？
夏前峰：去年是想修改，但考虑到中央要对生育政策做出调整，所以暂时未修改。
但与过去相比，现在对社区计划生育的考核稍微宽松。即使出现一个计划外生育，我们还要综合性考虑计划生育工作、服务落实的情况，不一定要对其“一票否决”。
新京报记者 魏铭言 浙江舟山报道
(原标题：放开单独 舟山将一年两公布怀孕数据)
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