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The author:(作者)hpmailerpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/30 9:35:34 Experts say the new lift official public property shall be gradually increased to the provincial level
Yesterday the Beijing News, citing articles published interpretation of the decision of the third plenary of the wing Web site how to further improve the system of anti-corruption legislation? , Which States, "a new tiren spouses and children of leading cadres personnel, property, travel abroad (border) related matters, such as pilot open system."
Piloting new tiren official matters such as spouses and children's practice
New tiren cadres in public property, is one of the plenary session of reform initiatives.
The decision of the third plenary "strengthen power supervision and restriction system" sections, "against corruption and advocating regulatory system, perfecting the risk of punishing and preventing corruption, to prevent and control the independent Commission against corruption, the prevention of conflicts of interest, serving leading cadres report their personal-related matters and avoiding areas of laws and regulations, implemented new tiren leaders ' concerns open system. Improve the mechanism of democratic supervision, legal supervision and supervision by public opinion, using and regulating the Internet supervision. "
How to implement the above-mentioned anti-corruption initiatives of the third plenary session? Interpretation of articles issued by the discipline Inspection Department, offer theme path.
Except pilot open new tiren cadres spouse children practitioners, and property, and abroad (border), about matters, also will take two items measures: seize developed cadres personal about matters report checks verified approach, strengthened report verification results of using and violation corrections intensity; established sound on national staff spouse children emigrated country (border) outside of management system, developed spouse emigrated country (border) outside of national staff served post management approach.
Anti-corruption legislation "ripe one introduced a"
Previously, anti-corruption experts have repeatedly called for institutional anti-corruption needs to improve national legislation against corruption. In this regard, the interpretation of article says that "take the easier part first, strengthening the regulatory system construction, and national legislation to combat corruption within the party, mature a introduced a".
Interpretation of article discusses the legislative approach: "one, it is necessary to adapt those proven, provisions of party and Government disciplines and the development of administrative regulations into law, second, the need to continuously improve the special laws and regulations for punishing and preventing corruption"; "in the long run, anti-corruption laws and regulations by the anti-corruption law that integrity of the basic law and the law on the line, consisting of supporting regulations. Short term, should focus on the line against corruption laws and related regulations legislative work. "
What line urgent perfection of legislation and supporting regulations? Text in the explained said, "to sound corruption case revealed, and investigated mechanism, open letter visit and network, various letters and calls report channel, perfect protection witnesses, and informers system; perfect punish corruption bribery and malfeasance infringement crime law regulations; specification country staff politics behavior aspects of law provides, sound perfect prevent interest conflict law regulations, focus on integration prevention corruption the regulations system; carried out anti-corruption international cooperation, perfect anti-money-laundering law regulations, sound against corruption molecular flight and Chase escape recover booty mechanism".
Possibility
On January 1, 2009, Altay, Xinjiang in the country's first "Sun" 55 leading cadre's personal property. Preliminary statistics show that currently piloted in ten regions of the country leaders ' property disclosure, Cixi city, Zhejiang Province, Xuzhou city, Jiangsu Province, and Liuyang city of Hunan province. But most of the pilot regions have experienced "Flash in the Pan", "authenticity challenged" and other common problems. Experts believe that the "new property tiren cadres openly" plenary session a clear direction for reform, analysis of encountered problems in pilot areas, exposed new tiren cadres in favour of national property in full swing.
1 Why is "new cadres tiren" made public?
Officials why tiren cadres in the new CAP on property publicity? Rather than the leaders ' public? "Reform policies, to adopt a progressive approach." National School of administration, said Xu Yaotong, Professor, leading cadres public possession, is to start from xinti cadres.
"First of all, could reduce resistance". He said the other countries and regions, buffering is set when promoting officials assets public in General, "is equivalent to releasing a signal to give officials a buffering time, wanted to remain as civil servants and personal property must be in the clear. "From xinti cadre property starts with open, you can also play the same cushioning effect.
"In addition, some techniques also require a certain amount of time to prepare." He said that property provided that the establishment of a property exposed by the verification platform, for example, being conducted by the Ministry of land and resources real property registration, the "open form, aimed at the prevention of corruption. Only with excellent technology, is capable of uncovering the false public officials. "
2 local pilot for more than the level previously section?
Altai national "first Sun" property of the 55 leaders, both section and county level, the other pilot areas are many cadres and public property in the primary section, such as Wenzhou in dongtou County, Jiangsu Huaian and guanyun, local Office of the Bureau-level cadres have not joined the property open "camps".
"National leaders have stressed that anti-corruption Tiger flies to catch". Said Xu Yaotong, identified in the plenary session "three equal": the rules of equality, equality of opportunity, equality of rights, and "new public tiren leaders ' property" should follow the "rule of equality" principles, "no matter at what level, should be made public, which impose financial level, and gradually rose to the Office of Board level, at the provincial and ministerial level."
Xu Yaotong stressed that only "rules for equality", levels not just impose financial level of public property, in favour of "new public tiren leaders ' property" truly institutionalized, "does have a policy of localities have their counter-measures".
3 why the local pilot "Flash in the Pan"?
Many pilot regions "property" that Liuyang city, Wenzhou, dongtou County, mostly only once, there is no further below. There are media reports, Altai primary Commission for discipline inspection Wu Wei-Ping admitted that too much pressure. Local officials have complained that "what we here declare? ”
Director of the independent Commission against corruption and governance research center of Tsinghua University said Cheng Wenhao, local officials assets public in the early attempts, due to system requirements, coupled with the introduction of universal resistance to fruitless easier. But before the plenary's decision obviously lies in the local pilot into a national pilot, its significance is far-reaching.
Cheng Wenhao suggested that a national pilot went ahead, reducing resistance, can be "up", "small run", "for example, open range, not the beginning, all over the Internet to a socially open and, above all, officials within the geographical scope of the power to influence the public."
4 official public property violates the right to privacy?
According to the Nanfang daily reported, Guangdong provincial people's Congress, Ye Pengzhi has suggested that "official public possession has legal basis for it? National People's Congress released on property exposed by the law? Officials are human, there is privacy. ”
Peng Ye Chi is not made "public property violates the right to privacy," the first person, many leaders have the same view. Guanyun County cadres involved in the public media, said in an interview, "being able to accept, but privacy concerns".
Said Cheng Wenhao, officials exposed by a property dispute lasted a long time, but the decision of the third plenary has to the dispute drew to a close, clear new tiren leading officials should be public property, "the official is not an ordinary citizen, but a special citizens because they have public power and public resources, so their privacy must be limited, its conduct must be subject to social supervision,".
5 How to verify authenticity property open?
According to the Beijing News reporter statistics, pilot public property contents are mainly concentrated in areas such as family income, housing, private cars, largely related to "gifts" such as grey matter. But officials are open to the public, property-related status, display their material standard of living is not high.
For example, guanyun County 33 cadres of public property, individual household income ranging from 50,000 yuan to 132,000 yuan, 7 people in debt, mortgage or car payments; 8 people with two homes, 24 people who have 1 apartments, 1 man without property; private cars, only 10 people.
Property status of official publicity is true? Commission for discipline inspection departments in each pilot area are verification, verification is not made public. "The public must be guaranteed content authenticity." Said Cheng Wenhao, next new tiren cadre property public, need three supporting system: information verification mechanisms, legal mechanisms for accountability, public oversight mechanisms.
Relevant departments will speed up the development of "personal matters related to reports of the leading cadres checks verification approach", as well as measures such as the registration of real property have been advancing, which lays the basis for verification of information.
Cheng Wenhao think, information verification mechanism main settlement publicity property of authenticity problem, also needed supporting to legal Chase accountability mechanism and public supervision mechanism, "through legal regulations, forms, developed on false declared, and false publicity of specific corrections measures, like dismissed, and demoted,; also to through officials property of social publicity, efforts played public supervision of power, people often can observation to local officials of actual ' family property ', thereby found potential of lied about acts".
This version of writing/Beijing News reporter Wang Shu
(Original title: pilot xinti official property open)
新京报讯 昨日，中纪委监察部网站发布三中全会《决定》解读文章《如何进一步健全反腐倡廉法规制度体系？》，其中提出，“推行新提任领导干部配偶子女从业、财产、出国(境)等有关事项公开制度的试点”。
试点公开新提任官员配偶子女从业等事项
公开新提任领导干部的财产，是三中全会确定的改革举措之一。
三中全会《决定》的“强化权力运行制约和监督体系”章节提出，“健全反腐倡廉法规制度体系，完善惩治和预防腐败、防控廉政风险、防止利益冲突、领导干部报告个人有关事项、任职回避等方面法律法规，推行新提任领导干部有关事项公开制度试点。健全民主监督、法律监督、舆论监督机制，运用和规范互联网监督”。
如何落实三中全会的上述反腐举措？中纪委监察部发布的解读文章，提出了解题路径。
除了试点公开新提任领导干部配偶子女从业、财产、出国(境)等有关事项，还将采取两项措施：抓紧制定领导干部个人有关事项报告抽查核实办法，加强报告核查结果的运用和违规惩戒力度；建立健全对国家工作人员配偶子女移居国(境)外的管理制度，制定配偶移居国(境)外的国家工作人员任职岗位管理办法。
反腐立法“成熟一个出台一个”
此前，反腐专家们多次呼吁，制度反腐亟待完善反腐败国家立法。对此，解读文章称，“采取先易后难的方法，切实加强党内法规制度体系建设和反腐败国家立法，成熟一个出台一个”。
解读文章阐述了立法思路：“一、要把那些经过实践检验、适应形势发展的党纪政纪规定和行政规章上升为法律法规；二、要不断完善惩治和预防腐败的各项专门法律法规”；“从长远看，反腐倡廉法律法规应当由反腐败法这样的廉政基本法和有关单行法律、配套法规组成。从近期看，应重点做好反腐败单行法律和配套法规的立法工作”。
哪些单行法律和配套法规亟待健全完善？文中解释说，“要健全腐败案件揭露、查处机制，畅通来信来访和网络等各种信访举报渠道，完善保护证人、举报人制度；完善惩治贪污贿赂和渎职侵权犯罪法律法规；规范国家工作人员从政行为方面的法律规定，健全完善防止利益冲突法律法规，着力整合预防腐败各项法规制度；开展反腐败国际合作，完善反洗钱法律法规，健全防范腐败分子外逃和追逃追赃机制”。
■ 释疑
2009年1月1日，新疆阿勒泰市在全国首“晒”55名领导干部的个人财产。初步统计，目前全国近十个地区先后试行领导干部财产公开，如浙江慈溪市、江苏徐州市、湖南浏阳市等。但多数试点地区都遇到了“昙花一现”、“真实性受到质疑”等共性问题。专家认为，“新提任干部财产公开”系三中全会明确的改革方向，剖析试点地区遇到的问题，有利于全国性的新提任干部财产公开全面展开。
1 为什么只是“新提任干部”公开？
官员财产公示为何限定在新提任干部中？而不是领导干部全体公开？“改革要有策略，要采取渐进式的方式”。国家行政学院教授许耀桐表示，领导干部公开财产，还是要先从新提任干部做起。
“首先可以减少阻力”。他称，其他国家和地区推行官员财产公开时一般都设置了缓冲期，“相当于先释放一个信号，给官员一个缓冲时间，想继续当公务员，那么个人财产必须清白。”我国从新提任干部财产公开做起，也可以起到相同的缓冲效果。
“此外，一些技术手段也需要一定的准备时间”。他说，财产公开的前提是建立财产核查平台，比如国土资源部正在进行的不动产登记，“公开只是形式，目的是预防腐败。只有具备了过硬的技术手段，才有能力发现虚假公开的干部”。
2 此前地方试点为何止于处级科级？
阿勒泰全国“首晒”财产的55名领导干部，均为正科级和县处级，其他试点地区公开财产的干部也多止于处级科级，例如温州洞头县，江苏的淮安和灌云，当地的厅局级干部一直没加入财产公开“阵营”。
“国家领导人多次强调，反腐要老虎苍蝇一起抓”。许耀桐表示，三中全会明确提出“三个平等”：规则平等、机会平等、权利平等，而“新提任领导干部财产公开”应该遵循“规则平等”原则，“不管哪一个级别，都应公开，从目前的科处级，逐步上升到厅局级、省部级”。
许耀桐强调，只有“规则平等”，公开财产的级别不仅仅局限于科处级，才有利于“新提任领导干部财产公开”真正制度化，“不会上有政策，下有对策”。
3 此前地方试点为何“昙花一现”？
目前很多试点地区的“财产公开”，如浏阳、温州洞头等，大多只进行了一次，再无下文。有媒体报道，阿勒泰原纪委书记吴伟平曾坦言，压力太大了。当地官员曾抱怨，“凭什么只有我们这里申报？”
清华大学廉政与治理研究中心主任程文浩表示，前期地方层面对官员财产公开的尝试，由于各地制度要求不一致，加之推行普遍遇到阻力，容易无果而终。但三中全会的决定显然是要将之前的地方试点上升为全国试点，其意义十分深远。
程文浩建议，全国试点顺利推进，减少阻力，可以“从小到大”、“小步快跑”，“比如公开的范围，不一定一开始就全部在互联网上向全社会公开，而首先在官员权力影响的地域范围之内公开”。
4 官员公开财产有违隐私权？
据《南方日报》报道，广东省人大代表叶鹏智曾提出，“要官员公开财产有法律依据吗？全国人大有公布财产公开的法律吗？官员也是人，也有隐私。”
叶鹏智并不是提出“公开财产有违隐私权”的第一人，不少领导干部也有相同看法。灌云县不少参与公示的干部接受媒体采访时也曾表示，“能够接受，但对个人隐私保护有担忧”。
程文浩表示，关于官员财产公开的争议持续了很长时间，但三中全会《决定》已经对争议画上了句号，明确新提任领导干部应该公开财产，“官员不是普通公民，而是特殊公民，因为他们掌握了公共权力和公共资源，所以其隐私必然受到限制，其行为必然要受到社会监督”。
5 如何核查财产公开真实性？
据新京报记者统计，试点公开的财产内容主要集中在家庭收入、住房情况、私家车等方面，基本未涉及“礼金”等灰色收入事项。但官员们公开的财产状况，显示其物质生活水平并不高。
例如灌云县公开财产的33名干部，个人家庭年收入从5万元到13.2万元不等，7人负债，有房贷或车贷；8人拥有两套房产，24人拥有1套房产，1人无房产；有私家车的只有10人。
官员公示的财产状况是否真实？各试点地区的纪委等部门都表示将核查，但核查结果并未对外公布。“必须保证公开内容的真实性”。程文浩说，下一步的新提任干部财产公开，亟待三个配套机制：信息核查机制、法律追责机制、公众监督机制。
有关部门将加快制定“领导干部个人有关事项报告抽查核实办法”，同时不动产登记等措施均已在推进之中，这些都为信息核查奠定了基础。
程文浩认为，信息核查机制主要解决公示财产的真伪问题，还需配套以法律追责机制和公众监督机制，“通过法律法规等形式，制定对虚假申报、虚假公示的具体惩戒措施，比如免职、降职等；还要通过官员财产的社会公示，努力发挥公众监督的力量，百姓往往能观察到当地官员的实际‘家底’，从而发现潜在的谎报行为”。
本版采写/新京报记者 王姝
(原标题：新提任官员试点财产公开)
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