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The author:(作者)hpmailerpublished in(发表于) 2013/11/30 9:39:14 South China Sea ⅰ started archaeological excavations of ancient shipwrecks in the Song dynasty
Expected to be completed for four years, or during the excavation will be open to visitors every week day
Yangcheng evening news reporter Xia Yang reported: known as "the sea of Dunhuang", "the value comparable to the Terra-Cotta Warriors," "South China Sea ⅰ" sunken ships in the Song dynasty, in 2007 after he was raised as a whole moved in at the end of "Crystal Palace" marine Silk Road Museum, has for the past 6 years. 28th, Deputy Director Tong Mingkang of the State Bureau of cultural relics solemnly declared, "the South China Sea ⅰ" archaeological excavations was officially launched!
"South China Sea ⅰ" is a ship sink beneath the sea merchant shipping under the Song dynasty, about more than 30 meters long, a ship loaded with cultural relics, such as pottery, metal 680,000. This is by far the world's offshore wrecks in the earliest Ocean trade, hull's largest and best-preserved merchant, is the only witness of the ancient Silk Road on the sea wrecks.
"These treasures must not be at the stage of excavation and protection of damage! "" South China Sea ⅰ "archaeological team leader Wei Jun, told reporters over the past 6 years, led by the National Research Institute of cultural heritage, Joint Institute of archaeology, Zhongshan University in Guangdong Province, the State Oceanic Administration's third, the Guangzhou salvage Bureau, 9 research institutes, develops a wide range of research, analysis, testing and evaluation studies, and to develop a programme of excavations.
It is reported that through test excavations, wreck location throughout the caisson and sinking mud packages, is under anaerobic conditions, the hull and artifacts are kept very well.
Wei Jun introduced excavation is about go through three stages, is preparing, erection of archaeological excavations, mapping and urban transport and other facilities, is currently doing; phase II was discovered. Discover the first year's main goal is to clean out silt on the surface of all the sunken ships, deck surfaces exposed. Second-year excavation of cultural relics on the ship will be conducted for the third year, while reinforcement of the hull, to protect all kinds of water heritage; the third step to consider is to demonstrate, shipwreck exhibition, caissons or not to show, in the exhibition is the final stage in the environment taking into account. "Discover is expected to continue in 3-4. "For excavation results, national heritage Board requested the exhumation programme for one year a reported that exhumation programme details for adjusted according to the actual situation.
"Discover the technology itself is pretty mature, the challenge is mainly after the excavation and excavation heritage protection. Second difficulty is the reinforcement of the ship itself, the ship is v-shaped, when there is a sludge supports on both sides will not collapse, but the soil was excavated after the pressure changes, in this case how to protect it, it's important to do your homework first. "Wei Jun said.
At present, "South China Sea ⅰ" "Crystal Palace" marine Silk Road Museum is the State 4A area, visitors can enter the Museum "South China Sea ⅰ" caissons during archaeological excavations in the future visitors can come in? Wei Jun said, is currently working on programmes is open one day a week at the beginning, tourists can see the archaeological excavation site. "The concrete is on any given day, also made in the assessment can only be determined after adjusting, when released to the community. "Edit: Qing Mou
(Original title: "South China Sea ⅰ" was officially launched on the archaeological excavations completion in four years)
预计四年完成，发掘期间或将每周向游客开放一天
羊城晚报讯 记者夏杨报道：被誉为“海上敦煌”、“价值堪比兵马俑”的“南海Ⅰ号”宋代古沉船，2007年底被整体打捞出水后进驻“水晶宫”海上丝绸之路博物馆，至今时间已过去近6年。28日，国家文物局副局长童明康郑重宣布，“南海Ⅰ号”考古发掘正式启动！
“南海Ⅰ号”是一艘长眠于海水之下的宋代商船，长约30多米，船上满载瓷器、金属器等珍贵文物6-8万件。这是迄今为止世界上发现的海上沉船中年代最早、船体最大、保存最完整的远洋贸易商船，也是唯一能见证古代海上丝绸之路的沉船。
“这些稀世珍宝，决不能在发掘和保护阶段受损伤！”“南海Ⅰ号”考古队领队魏峻告诉记者，过去的6年，由国家文化遗产研究院牵头，联合广东省考古所、中山大学、国家海洋局第三研究所、广州打捞局等9家研究机构，开展了大量的调研、分析测试及评估研究，并制定出发掘方案。
据悉，通过两次试发掘来看，沉船在整个沉箱中的位置比较正，而且沉船被淤泥包裹，处于无氧环境下，船体和其中文物都保存得很好。
魏峻介绍，发掘工作大概经历三个阶段，一是做准备，要架设考古发掘、测绘和文物搬运等设施，目前正在做；第二阶段才是发掘。发掘第一年的主要目标是把沉船表面的淤泥全部清理掉，让甲板面露出来。第二年第三年将对船上的文物进行发掘，同时加固船体、保护各类出水文物；第三步考虑的是展示，沉船如何展，沉箱要不要展，在什么环境中展等都是最后阶段要考虑的。“预计发掘时间将持续3-4年。”为保证发掘效果，国家文物局要求发掘方案一年一报，也会根据实际情况对发掘方案细节作调整。
“发掘技术本身已经很成熟了，难题主要还是发掘中和发掘后文物的保护。第二个难点是船本身的加固，船是V字形的，两边有淤泥支撑时不会坍塌，但泥土被发掘掉后压力发生变化，这种情况下如何保护好它，是必须要先做好的功课。”魏峻表示。
目前“南海Ⅰ号”所在的“水晶宫”海上丝绸之路博物馆是国家4A景区，游客可以进入馆内看“南海Ⅰ号”沉箱，将来考古发掘期间游客还能进来吗？对此魏峻说，目前正在研究方案，初定是每周开放一天，游客可以看到考古发掘现场。“具体是哪一天，还要在评估调整后才能确定，到时会向社会公布。”编辑： 牟青
(原标题："南海Ⅰ号"考古发掘正式启动 预计四年完成)
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