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The author:(作者)hpmailerpublished in(发表于) 2013/12/5 11:05:04 Chinese Abacus 5-year list， had been out of primary education
The Beijing News (Xinhua Li Dandan) last night, after the adoption of UNESCO's review, abacus, was formally included in the intangible cultural heritage of humanity. This is my 30th is classified as a non-heritage project. China is now the world has a number of non-material cultural heritage than any other country in the world.
UNESCO had previously said that abacus is great inventions in ancient China, along with the Chinese people through more than 1800 years long. It with simple mathematical calculation tools and unique content, known as "the world's oldest computer."
In January 2009, Chinese Abacus report to the United Nations, "directory of intangible cultural heritage of humanity". But the list is not successful, had to modify declarations of China abacus Association until last night there came news.
Su Jinxiu, Vice President of the China abacus Association told Xinhua after the abacus list said that with the development of computer technology, Abacus calculation function was gradually weakening, but the ancient Abacus has strong vitality. Today abacus successful piracy would help to let more people know the abacus, learn about abacus, enhanced national pride, attracting more people to join in abacus in the promotion and protection of culture.
Abacus abacuses are digitally a method for calculating tool, known as China's fifth great invention. Back in 2008, approved by the State Council, abacus, was included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage of China.
The current situation
Abacus decade cleared out of primary education
Until the last century 90 's, Abacus is part of elementary school mathematics curriculum in our country, but in 2001 the Ministry of education in the mathematics curriculum standards on compulsory education, abacus, was canceled. Because of Abacus calculation functionality has been replaced by calculator, cancellation of Abacus teaching can also reduce the burden on students.
In addition, abacus was once a compulsory subject in accounting, however the situation has passed away. "In the past because the accountant's practice qualification certificates required, policies have changed now. Secondary school students rarely study the abacus of the accounting profession, "Shanghai abacus Association, said a woman surnamed Zhang.
It was presented, since last year, some national accounting competition cancelled the abacus project. "At the grass-roots of either College teacher, societal awareness of the abacus is still support. "She said, since the commands and policy-oriented, such as computerized accounting can replace the abacus, Abacus teaching encountered some resistance.
Application
Promotion of abacus can enhance young intellectual
According to reports, the object that currently has the abacus to promote for the four main groups: early childhood, mental retardation of children, the elderly and college students.
China abacus Association, said Ding Xianjue, abacus can currently be on the abacus teaching skills to children. "Research proves that abacus can enhance a child's memory and attention. ”
"A lot of scientific data to prove that the abacus can develop children's intelligence. The abacus is not a simple calculation tool, you can develop children's intelligence ", said Ding Xianjue.
Describes a woman surnamed Zhang, Shanghai abacus Association has a healthy abacus experiment education of the school for 16 years. "Abacus can develop mental retardation of children left to improve logical thinking. "Describes a woman surnamed Zhang, because the children's condition is not the same, the effect is not the same, but the overall effect is good.
"Older people prefer the abacus, helps the elderly brain, can prevent Alzheimer 's. "Ms Zhang said Shanghai abacus Association opened hands going to courses designed specifically for older people, by teaching classes for older people.
The Beijing News reporter Dandan Li
(Original title: abacus in over 5 years of "piracy" success)
新京报讯 (记者李丹丹)昨晚，在通过联合国教科文组织的审议后，珠算正式被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。这是我国第30项被列为非遗的项目。而中国目前是世界上拥有世界非物质文化遗产数量最多的国家。
此前联合国教科文组织曾介绍说，珠算是中国古代的重大发明，伴随中国人经历了1800多年的漫长岁月。它以简便的计算工具和独特的数理内涵，被誉为“世界上最古老的计算机”。
在2009年1月，中国珠算申报联合国“人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录”。但是当时申遗并未成功，中国珠算协会曾数次修改申报材料，直至昨晚传来捷报。
中国珠算心算协会副会长苏金秀在珠算申遗成功后对新华社记者说，随着计算机技术的发展，珠算的计算功能逐渐被削弱，但是古老的珠算依然有顽强的生命力。今天珠算成功申遗，将有助于让更多的人认识珠算，了解珠算，增强民族自豪感，吸引更多的人加入到弘扬与保护珠算文化的行列中来。
珠算是以算盘为工具进行数字计算的一种方法，被誉为中国第五大发明。早在2008年，经国务院审核批准，珠算被列入第二批中国国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
现状
珠算十年前清出小学教材
直到上世纪90年代，珠算还是我国小学数学教学大纲中的一项内容，但在2001年教育部颁发的《义务教育数学课程标准》中，珠算被取消。理由是珠算的计算功能已被计算器代替，取消珠算教学还可减轻学生负担。
此外，珠算曾一度是会计学习的必修科目，然而这样的情形已经不再。“以前是因为会计从业资格证需要，现在政策变了。所以在大中专学校会计专业的学生很少学习珠算了，”上海珠算协会的张女士表示。
据张女士介绍，从去年开始，一些全国性的会计比赛也取消珠算项目。“在基层的不管是大中专的老师，还是社会上对珠算的认识还是支持的。”她表示，由于行政命令和政策导向，比如会计电算化可以取代珠算了，珠算教学遇到一些阻力。
应用
推广珠算可提高老幼智力
据介绍，目前有珠算推广的对象主要为四类群体：幼儿，智力缺陷儿童，老年人以及大中专院校学生。
中国珠算协会会长丁先觉说，目前已可以将珠算技巧运用到儿童的珠心算的教学上。“科学研究证明，珠算可以增强孩子的记忆力和注意力。”
“大量的科学数据可以证明，珠算可以开发儿童智力。珠算不是一个简单计算的工具，可以开发儿童智力”，丁先觉表示。
张女士介绍，上海珠算协会已经在一家康健学校进行了16年的珠算实验教育。“珠算可以开发智力缺陷儿童的左脑，提高逻辑思维。”张女士介绍，由于孩子们的病情不一样，效果并不相同，但是总体来说效果还是不错的。
“老年人比较喜欢珠算，对老年人健脑很有帮助，可以预防老年痴呆。”张女士表示，目前上海珠算协会专为老年人开了双手打算盘的课程，借助教材为老年人上课。
新京报记者 李丹丹
(原标题：历时5年珠算“申遗”成功)
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