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The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2013/12/30 5:44:55 Push-rot test measurement of public officials in Nanjing， the question bluntly during the self-test phase
Nanjing in the nation's first public test rot questions
Deputy Director of the construction Committee, 1 bus ticket to my wife why greed to get reimbursed? Corrupt official sentenced to prison, solicited a large Pack toothbrush inside, wants to continue to be "the leader". Millions stolen money was covered with bed, usually commute by bike, HOLD his heart really live? What metamorphosis metamorphism of 1.1 points to the corrupt? In addition to the system, such as external factors, psychological desires are also important catalysts. December 27, Nanjing first launched the Handbook of psychological assessment of occupational risks for public officials, mental track of quantifiable testing methods to detect corruption, preventing duty crimes opened the door.
Correspondents JI Ning Jixuan drum airs Lin Kong Xiaoping Jia Xiaoning
First job crime psychological survey
Five years, three major research areas of perishable dialogue 47 Lok corrupt officials
First paint the corruption mental map
"There is no one is inherently corrupt, those degenerated into criminal officials is how to step by step into the abyss of crime? For too long, we have been trying to figure out the problem. " Steering Committee for the prevention of duty crime officer in gulou district of Nanjing, the gulou District Committee, Member of the Commission for discipline inspection said Feng Wenlan, to unravel the mystery, from 2008 onwards, gulou District Commission for discipline inspection, prosecution and cooperation on crime control and Prevention Institute of Nanjing University, system analysis of the healthcare industry, universities, construction on three major areas of duty crime and face to face interviews with 47 prisoners, continuing psychological prevention of duty crime investigations. For in-depth analysis of job crime psychological, developmental, evolutional, in 2011, to nearly 200 official crime offenders conducted a questionnaire survey, pose to job crime psychological characteristics, psychological evolution, functions outside the criminal psychology of duty crime of pattern, an in-depth study of job crime psychological evolution, formed the first job crime psychological survey.
"The distortion of the duty crime need, usually go through the following process: access to power--the temptation--the desire to enhance motivation – – options – chance – choose to trade power for money – money is easier-want to be strong – abuse of means of strengthening. "The leading Nanjing University Professor Di Xiaohua said this survey.
Careers are blocked, the Joneses, "" zhenbianfeng ", the family aired, intoxicated
The 5 kinds of situations most likely to breed corruption
Steering Committee, Deputy Director of the Nanjing gulou District Office-related crimes, the gulou District Prosecutor Yang Jianping Prosecutor describes: through surveys and data analysis of the nearly 300 prisoners, public officials when faced with the following situations, more likely to have a negative attitude, and this attitude, driven by forming the motive of duty crime.
When your career is blocked, hopeless when you upsize, civil servants will be felt due to "like," and efforts to secure a promotion, into "sell" power, gradually will be focus on personal gain.
B is for misconduct, when the desire for material goods enhanced, some public officials will have a strong sense of relative deprivation and discontent, formed to trade power for money motivated.
Third, if the spouse to blame, when pride, civil servants can unknowingly by "zhenbianfeng" to make money, or let myself feel kinship with the power to influence "for money".
Four is when relationships strained, especially when families and some public officials the need for spiritual solace, and more easily captured by erotic. Once an "aberration", there will be living beyond their means, or unable, to maintain this situation, abuse of power is inevitable. Duty committed behind often have mistresses, "little three" figure, are examples of this situation.
Is where there are opportunities to honor five plus, or feel that they have been "great credit", some officials will "get carried away" mentality, or should enjoy life, enjoy life, thereby relaxing the requirements, and gradually towards a life of crime.
First job crime psychological test
34 multiple choice, determine your "corruption index"
5 factors when you are at a high risk, you have committed a crime, or a crime edge
From December 2013, gulou district, Nanjing public officials will begin to receive a special Handbook: the job crime risk assessment guide. This manual is the launch of development based on the above findings, the self-assessment section in the manual, designed the corruption index 34 asked for public officers detailed from characteristics of dynamic factors, regulating factors, factors, mind, subconscious self test and risk assessment for corruption in the five areas. You answer the 34 questions, calculate scores, you'll be able to know their own corruption index.
Professor Di Xiaohua interpretation: "a certain risk factors directly illustrates the extent to which factors close to job crime psychological composition. Assessment of dynamic factors are at high risk, and indicate that it has been close to or even required to meet job crime psychological structure of power factor level, but cannot be said to have job crime psychological conditions that are necessary. Only if the adjustment factors, characteristics and attitude factors are at high risk, can already commit a crime or crime is approaching. ”
This handbook is the gulou district Nanjing University Institute for crime prevention and control and joint research group consisting of discipline Inspection Commission and prosecutors, according to empirical research shows job crime psychological characteristics, through fallen evolution and history, development and launch of. Yang Jianping Attorney-General said that after the introduction of the manual, in the part of area in unit test applications, receive higher appraisal.
Question is too explicit, is still in the self-test phase
Open questionnaire answers received may not be credible
Nanjing Institute for crime prevention and control at the University Di Xiaohua told reporters that 34 questions is a mirror for those in high places, facing temptation officials an opportunity to warn himself. "And these 34 measurement problems, warning against corruption, considerably better than general legal education is better. ”
Due to the 34 measurement problems are actually living things in our evaluation of a standard issue, and some even more directly, as part of job crime psychological assessment of dynamic factors of 8 questions, of which the first question to start, you agree that "people have extra income without the rich"? And 5th questions more starkly: "you desire on extra-marital affairs or extra-marital sex life? "These problems not only touches personal moral standards also involve privacy problems. So it cannot be used for open-ended questionnaire, Nanjing gulou district people's Procuratorate Deputy Procurator-General Mei Kun also said that 34 questions tried to survey to collect answers, but your answer is obviously not credible, but now can only be self detection for officials of 34 questions.
"Currently we first step is put this pushed we members units, including we all sector, let everyone self detection, I think this also is psychological grooming or psychological self education of means, behind second generation of when, we intends to do psychological measurement table, that not simple of you can see to of results of problem, that future to and we Organization Department, and personnel, also has party, with we cadres of hired and promotions, tries to with science of means to prevention positions crime. "Mei Kun told reporters.
34 risk self-assessment questions
Power factors of job crime psychological assessment
① You agree "people have extra income without the rich"? ② your identity "is entitled to no, expired"?
③ You agree "corruption will not be marginalised"? ④ you thirst for money and jewels, calligraphy and other financial?
⑤ you desire for officials or voted? ⑥ you desire on extra-marital affairs or extra-marital sex life?
⑦ you confidence in the party and Government to effectively curb corruption? ⑧ you own the performance of his responsibilities?
Regulation of job crime psychological factors
1, you agree with the following statements?
① leadership authority embodied in the word.
② officers should be in a position to enjoy it to the appropriate privileges.
③ the treatment units made a contribution should enjoy.
2, you often face the temptation?
① Tout and the lacking, heard little criticism or even remind
② treat gifts or other forms of free premium service
③ arrangements to various forms of specific services
3, you agree with the following description?
① unit or something I say.
② I'm enjoying three for public consumption.
③ Gift I'm quite used to free consumption and others.
4, do you agree with the following description of the gifts you?
① charge amount or money or gifts valued at no more than 5,000 yuan.
② each others received gifts will be a fierce ideological struggle.
③ rarely bother what others give and gifts of value or amount.
5, you agree with the following statements?
① in return as long as the amount does not exceed 5,000, not bribery. ② Unit damage caused as long as no gifts does not constitute a crime.
③ fabuzezhong everyone get benefits themselves to salvage something won't go wrong.
Disagree (1) disagree (2) neutral (3) agree (4) agree (5 points)
Features of job crime psychological factors
① fabuzezhong, corruption of people around it's okay I'm not to do something. ② past gifts gifts all right, stop now, or send nothing.
③ catch after all, minorities, nothing will happen to their own unique gifts. ④ old relationship for many years to send gift, he may not sell themselves.
⑤ I rely heavily on leadership, there was something wrong with leadership. ⑥ judicial iron in relations, even if there are problems I will fear no evil.
⑦ is a legitimate form of the good in people must be all right. ⑧ are checked as long as their stiff resistance there will never be anything.
Disagree (score 1), neutral (2) identity (3) agree (4) agree (5 points)
Low risk: each issue all scored less than 3 minutes
Risks: there is a problem or problems, or every problem, scored 3-4 points
High risk: there was a problem score 5 points if it meant facing high risk, taking into account the crime to convince myself an excuse for random, therefore criminal in my mind an excuse more, the involvement, the greater the possibility of a motive for the crime fighting, thus, crime risk as the number increases 5 points.
Mentality of job crime psychological factors
① own promotion depends on whether the leadership recognition. ② themselves subject to unfair treatment in the unit.
③ people have enriched their own general conditions. ④ worked hard for many years without credit and elbow grease.
⑤ promotion did not want some affordable is true. ⑥ relationship discord to come home but they won't feel.
⑦ led appreciative colleagues envy is just when. ⑧ lovers or children often complain of conditions than others.
Low risk: each scored less than 3 minutes.
Risks: as long as a question is divided into 3 or 4 minutes, at moderate risk.
High risk: more than two score 4 points, or at least one score 5 points.
Duty crime of "subconscious" factor assessment
① gifts I am only concerned about who they were and what did not send. ② I'm with business relations and friends you and I don't.
③ due to business friends and I gave her no longer to avoid arousing suspicion. ④ accept bribe was received without the battle of ideas.
⑤ has formed property into licit income avenues of bribery.
Low risk: each scored 2 points or less (2).
Risk: score one for at least 3 minutes.
High risk: at least one scoring more than 4 points, getting a high grade in question larger crime more vicious.
(Original title: how far are you from corruption, logging one knew)
南京在全国首推公职人员测腐试题
堂堂建委副主任，为何贪婪到连老婆的1元公交票都要拿到单位报销？贪官被判入狱了，竟然搜罗了大包牙刷牙膏带进去，还想在里面继续当“领导”。百万赃款铺满了床底，平时却骑车上下班，他的内心真的HOLD住吗？腐败分子到底是怎么一点一点的蜕变变质的？除了制度、监督等外部因素外，心理贪欲也是重要的催化剂。12月27日，南京在全国首家推出《公职人员职业风险心理评估手册》，用量化测试手段探测腐败心理轨迹，开启心理预防职务犯罪大门。
通讯员宁纪宣 鼓纪宣 扬子晚报记者孔小平 贾晓宁
国内首份职务犯罪心理调查
历时五年，调研三大易腐领域，对话47名落马贪官
首次绘出腐败心理轨迹图
“世上没有谁天生就是贪官，那些堕落为罪犯的官员是如何一步一步坠入犯罪深渊的呢？长期以来，我们一直想弄清楚这个问题”。南京鼓楼区预防职务犯罪指导委员会主任、鼓楼区委常委、纪委书记冯雯兰介绍说，为解开这个谜团，从2008年起，鼓楼区纪委、检察院和南京大学犯罪控制与预防研究所合作，分析医疗行业、高校系统、工程建设三大领域职务犯罪情况，面对面访谈47名服刑人员，持续开展职务犯罪心理预防调查。为深入剖析职务犯罪心理发生、发展、演变规律，2011年，又对近200名职务犯罪罪犯进行了问卷调查，对职务犯罪心理构成特征、职务犯罪心理演变过程、职务犯罪心理外化模式、职务犯罪心理演变规律进行了深入的研究，形成了国内首份职务犯罪的心理调查报告。
“职务犯罪需要的畸变，通常经历以下历程：掌握权力——受到诱惑——欲望增强——选择手段——动机斗争——侥幸心理——选择权钱交易——钱财来得容易——欲求变得强烈——以权谋私手段强化。”主导这项调查的南京大学狄小华教授说。
仕途受阻、攀比、“枕边风”、家庭不睦、得意忘形
这5种情形最容易滋生腐败
南京鼓楼区预防职务犯罪指导委员会副主任、鼓楼区检察院杨建萍检察长介绍：通过对近300名罪犯的调查和数据分析，公职人员在面临下列情形时，更容易产生不良心态，并在这种心态的推动下，形成职务犯罪的动机。
一是当仕途受阻，升迁无望时，一些公职人员会因感受到“失意”，而将原来争取晋升的努力，转化为“捞一把”的动力，逐步将心思放到以权谋私上。
二是当比较失当，物质欲望增强时，一些公职人员会产生强烈的相对剥夺感，并产生不满情绪，形成权钱交易的动机。
三是当配偶责备，自尊心受损时，一些公职人员会不知不觉地按“枕边风”捞钱，或放任自己亲属以权力影响“挣钱”。
四是当人际关系紧张，特别是家庭不和时，有的公职人员由于需要精神的慰藉，而更容易被情色所俘获。而一旦生活出现“越轨”，就会出现入不敷出或欲罢不能的情况，为维持这种情况，权力被滥用也就不可避免。职务犯背后常有情妇、“小三”身影，就是这种情况的例证。
五是当各种荣誉加身，或觉得自己立有“大功劳”时，有的公职人员会出现“忘乎所以”的心理，或者产生应该享受人生、乐享生活的心态，从而放松要求，逐步走上犯罪道路。
国内首份职务犯罪心理测试
34道选择题，测出你的“腐败指数”
5个方面的因素都处于高风险时，说明已犯过罪或在犯罪边缘
从2013年12月起，南京市鼓楼区的公职人员都将陆续收到一本特别的手册：《职务犯罪风险自评手册》。这份《手册》就是根据上述调查结果研制推出的，《手册》中的自我评估部分，为公职人员详细设计了腐败指数34问，从动力因素、调节因素、特征因素、心态因素、潜意识等五个方面自测腐败心理倾向和风险评估。答完这34道题，算出得分，你就可以知道自己的腐败心理指数。
狄小华教授如此解读：“某一因素风险的高低直接说明了这一因素在多大程度上接近职务犯罪心理的构成。如动力因素的评估如果是高风险，就表明它已经接近甚至达到职务犯罪心理结构中动力因素所需要的水平，但还不能说已经具备了职务犯罪所必须的心理条件。只有当调节因素、特征因素和心态因素都处于高风险时，才能说明已经实施过犯罪或犯罪正在逼近。”
这本手册是南京大学犯罪预防与控制研究所与鼓楼区纪委、检察院联合组成的课题组，根据实证研究所揭示的职务犯罪心理特征、演变规律以及公职人员堕落的历程，研制推出的。杨建萍检察长表示，手册推出后，在部分辖区内单位开展测试应用，获得了较高的评价。
问题太直白，目前还处在自测阶段
开放式的问卷调查，收上来的答案可能不具有可信性
南京大学犯罪预防与控制研究所所长狄小华告诉记者，这34道题其实就是一面镜子，给那些身居高位，面临诱惑的高官一个自我提醒的机会。“而这34道测试题，对于反腐的警示作用，明显要比一般的法律宣教效果要好。”
由于34道测试题其实都是生活中我们对于事物评判的一个标准性问题，有的问题甚至比较直接，比如第一部分职务犯罪心理的动力因素评估的8道题，其中第一题上来就问，你认同“人无外财不富”吗？而第5题更直白表述：“你对婚外情或者婚外性生活的渴望？”这些问题，不仅触及个人的道德水准，还涉及个人隐私问题。所以不可能用于开放式的问卷调查，南京市鼓楼区人民检察院副检察长梅琨也表示，这34道题曾经尝试问卷调查收集答案，但是收上来的答案，显然是不可信的，而现在只能把34道题用于官员的自我检测。
“目前我们第一步是把这个推向我们成员单位，包括我们各个部门，让大家自我检测，我觉得这还是心理疏导或者心理自我教育的手段，后面第二代的时候，我们打算做心理测量表，那个不是简单的你能看出来的结果的问题，那个将来要和我们组织部、人事部，还有党校，跟我们干部的录用和晋升，尝试用科学的手段来预防职务犯罪。”梅琨告诉记者。
34道风险自我评估题
职务犯罪心理的动力因素评估
①你认同“人无外财不富”吗？ ②你认同“有权不用，过期作废”吗？
③你认同“不腐败就会被边缘化”吗？ ④你对金钱和珠宝字画等财务的渴望？
⑤你对当官或者升官的渴望？ ⑥你对婚外情或者婚外性生活的渴望？
⑦你对党和政府有效遏制腐败的信心？ ⑧你对自己履行公职的责任感？
职务犯罪心理的调节因素评估
1、你认同以下说法吗？
①领导权威体现在说了算。
②官员应当按其职位享受相应特权。
③对单位做过贡献就应当享受待遇。
2、你经常面临以下诱惑吗？
①吹捧、拍马，很少听到批评甚至提醒
②请客送礼或者其他形式的免费高档服务
③被安排接受各种形式的异性服务
3、你认同下列描述吗？
①单位或者一些事上我说了算。
②我很享受三公消费。
③我很习惯免费消费和他人送礼物。
4、你认同以下对你收礼情况的描述吗？
①只收数额或者价值不超过5000元的金钱或者礼物。
②每收别人礼物都会进行激烈的思想斗争。
③很少关注他人送什么和礼物的价值或数额。
5、你认同以下说法吗？
①礼尚往来只要数额不超过5000不是受贿。 ②只要没造成单位损失收礼不构成犯罪。
③法不责众大家捞好处自己捞些不会出问题。
很不认同(1分) 不认同(2分) 中立(3分) 认同(4分) 很认同(5分)
职务犯罪心理的特征因素评估
①法不责众，周围人腐败没事自己也不会有事。②过去收礼送礼都没事，现在收或者送也没事。
③抓到的毕竟少数，自己难得收礼不会有事。 ④是多年的老关系送的礼，他可能不会出卖自己。
⑤我被领导所倚重，自己有问题领导会保的。 ⑥在司法机关有铁的关系，即使有问题也不怕。
⑦都是以合法的形式拿的别人的好处肯定没事。⑧即使被查只要自己硬抗着也不会有什么事的。
很不认同(1分) 中立(2分) 认同(3分) 很认同(4分) 非常认同(5分)
低风险：每一问题的得分都低于3分
中风险：有一个问题或多个问题，或每一个问题的得分介于3-4分
高风险：有一个问题的得分是5分就意味着面临高风险，考虑到说服自己犯罪的借口具有随机性，因此脑子里犯罪借口越多，那么参与犯罪动机斗争的可能性就越大，由此，犯罪风险还随着得5分数量而提高。
职务犯罪心理的心态因素评估
①自己的晋升取决于领导是否赏识。 ②自己在单位受到了不公正的待遇。
③周围人都富了自己却还条件一般。 ④努力工作多年没有功劳也有苦劳。
⑤升职没有希望来点实惠才是真的。 ⑥关系不和谐回到家也找不到感觉。
⑦领导赏识同事羡慕正春风得意时。 ⑧爱人或者子女常抱怨条件不如人家。
低风险：每一题得分都低于3分。
中风险：只要有一题得分为3或4分，则处于中等风险。
高风险：二题以上得分为4分，或至少一题得分为5分。
职务犯罪的“潜意识”因素评估
①收受礼物我只关注谁送的而不关系送了什么。②我与因业务而结识的朋友关系已经你我不分。
③我与因业务结识的朋友的礼尚往来不再避嫌。④接受别人贿赂时已经没有收与不收的思想斗争。
⑤已经形成将贿赂的财物转化为合法收入的渠道。
低风险：每一题的得分都为2分以下(包括2分)。
中风险：至少一题得分为3分。
高风险：至少一题得分在4分以上，得高分题越多犯罪恶性越大。
(原标题：你离腐败有多远，测一测就知道)
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