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The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2014/1/2 8:35:16 Corporate smoking ban after some cadres “to move“ hiding toilet pumping
(Today's focus · leaders take the lead in hair dryer)
Viewpoint: the Central ban "powers addictions" says no-focus "greatest severity" leaders ' new smoking rules
Website Beijing January 1 electric (reporter Xu Haitao Xu Haibo Zhang zhilong) Gansu Lanzhou city in primary and secondary schools, and Internet Cafe, eight big class places January 1 up full smoking, restaurant, and hotel four class regional limit smoking; Jilin Changchun City civil servants shall not in public and public before smoking, doctor is not patients before smoking, teachers is not students before smoking, to is not adults sales tobacco products Supreme will was heavy penalties 30,000 yuan......
As the Central Government has worked out a "leaders lead to ban smoking in public places," new rules, smoking tobacco "good sound" constant. Experts believe that the current Central rules caught "lead" this key to empowerment of people and the right of supervision by public opinion to a strong guarantee, clean public environment, put an end to "public money to buy cigarettes", correcting bad habits and other aspects of cadres have a far-reaching impact.
New tobacco rules leave no dead ends "bong cadres" embarrassed
"My phone has been ringing off the hook these days, are both at home and abroad, the media call, that ushered in a decade of China's tobacco control support to the Max! "Executive Xu Guihua, Vice President of China Association on tobacco control, told reporters.
Ban smoking in public places, the Central leaders take the lead in matters relating to notice of recent days caused widespread concern, followed as much local tobacco control introduced new rules on smoking.
-January 1 before the introduction of the smoking control in public places in Lanzhou city Ordinance provides that eight such establishments, such as schools, Internet cafes, and stadium ban smoking restrictions in four class of restaurants, hotels, entertainment areas, Lanzhou, into "comprehensive tobacco control".
--Changchun, will be implemented on March 1, the prevention of tobacco smoke harm approach, provides a more detailed, more civil servants are not smoking in public places and public, doctor patient before smoking, smoke to the absence of their teacher student, parental smoking is not in front of the baby, no person shall smoke of women, children and the elderly to focus activities. Sale of tobacco products to minors is punishable by heavy fines of up to 30,000 yuan.
--Beijing plans by 2015 and indoor smoking. Many provinces have promulgated regulations, regulations on smoking tobacco, smoking tobacco will usher in a "golden period".
Follow up on central air conditioning under these new rules, without exception, will be "civil service leadership" and "leadership responsibility" as important elements. More significant is that individuals feel free to smoke in public places, public places smoking control behavior will be subject to legal constraints such as weak.
Central after the ban, a number of "a heavy smoker," leading cadres comes into focus. Anhui Province as a "two packs of cigarettes a day," Party Secretary told reporters that these days, his phone has been "blowing", and superiors let him quit smoking immediately sibling cadres had persuaded him to pay attention, some joking banter. "No smoking in the future? To quit yet, work holding, go home! ”
One Office one of the cadre of Shandong province were "worrying": "I often stayed up all night writing material in the Office, dipping tobacco, refreshing, don't suck, that don't kill? "He admits that" smoking new deal "no dead ends, corridors, toilets are not allowed to smoke," even if not even ran downstairs, because it is the official time. ”
"If they do film the crowd onto the Internet, you want to make a fool of, criticisms, to the punishment, for a cigarette, I can't make up! "Thought he was ready to quit.
During the interview, several officials said, as long as the anti-tobacco deal stick, cadres and smoking will become a trend. "Even if temporarily uncomfortable, in the long term, good health is a good thing. ”
But there are also some cadres began to "move on". Wuhan in Hubei Province, an administrative unit, staff, hide in the bathroom when someone smokes in these two days. Was also looking for a policy of "edge", "they suggested to the leader, can set up special smoking rooms? ”
Ten years of "tobacco control": a cigarette behind the corruption of power
In 2003, China signed the who Framework Convention on tobacco control, as agreed should be implemented in 2011 and all indoor public places in China such as 100% smoking during the Ministry of health and also the introduction of relevant legislation in some cities, but the implementation is not satisfactory.
Investigations revealed that the 3 categories of passive smoking crowd, male civil servants, highest smoking rate, at 61%, followed by male teachers ' smoking rates cent, male doctors smoking rates 50.2%.
"Meeting for smoke, eat smoke, reception room when preparing two packs of cigarettes. "Introduce Xu Guihua, Shanxi's Hequ County when it meets the former Chairman had spent more than 60,000 yuan of public funds to purchase 150 Chinese cigarettes, participants made a pack per person per day. Gongan County in 2009, 2013, Hubei Province twice in "red tape" forms of forced apportionment sells cigarettes, the County's per capita equivalent to 60 packs of cigarettes.
Many experts believe that central air conditioning's new rules will bring about a new situation for tobacco smoking, which requires "leaders lead" that captures the point.
"Many long-term smokers of the leading cadres is not only harmful to themselves, and not conducive to creating a smoke-free environment, and played a good role model. "Huang jiefu, President of the Chinese Association on tobacco control believes that the central new rules, you can not only promote public officials ban smoking in public places, but also prompted leading cadres to take the lead in setting an example to promote the formation of a good social atmosphere.
"Decade behind tobacco control difficult, was spending public money to buy cigarettes, three public funding of local government corruption pushing. "Xu Guihua finds that the current Central rules another bright spot is the empowerment of the masses and the media supervisory authority," grasp the key points of policy, public security, China's prospects for tobacco smoking only hope! ”
Xu Guihua introduction, signed an International Convention on tobacco control 10, the 10% drop in global sales of tobacco products, rose 41.8%, growth rate the highest in the world. Some local governments should have been introduced to tobacco smoking, became tobacco buyers even promoter, played a very negative role.
Check "public money to buy cigarettes" can quit "smoking power"?
Industry insiders say, tobacco smoking is a worldwide problem, the Central ban provisions prohibited the use of or using public funds to pay disguised form of tobacco consumption expenditure will have a profound impact on China's tobacco control smoking.
Academia Sinica researcher Li Haishu introduction Price Waterhouse management consulting firms in 2012, China's tobacco industry-wide business open to 864.9 billion yuan, an increase of 15.7%. Prop up the cigarette manufacturing revenues is based on the high-end cigarettes, premium smoke production in 2007 is approximately 30% per cent by October 2012 the proportion of value has been as high as 69.1%.
Analysis of Li Haishu, bellwether for corporate spending accounted for sales of high-end cigarettes, as the Central eight provisions and the leaders ' policies have been introduced, such as smoking, top-grade tobacco market demand would be to inhibit, and cigarette industries face yield compression. A big tobacco company official also predicted in Central, premium cigarette sales will decline this year, but the ex-factory price is lowered, determined centrally by the national tobacco Board.
Public funds to buy cigarettes are often in Conference fees, meals, Office supplies on behalf of the spending, regulatory, auditing difficulties. Deputy Director of the Hubei Provincial Bureau of statistics ye believe, came from tobacco companies, tobacco sales shops should be checked, "check their invoices, see where are sold, you know if public money to buy cigarettes. ”
"The smoke is references, wine is a stepping stone to; don't smoke, don't buy leadership took up cigarettes, subordinates strive ignition; what's fashionable or what, a higher level of cigarettes more expensive. "Wu Shuxin, Deputy Director of Anhui Provincial Academy of social sciences sociology believes that with the introduction of central air conditioning, cadres of these many years to form bad habits, are expected to gradually be corrected.
Ye Qing said, from eating and drinking, wine, shopping cards, cakes to greeting cards, cadre issue defrauded and purified. In the context of China's tobacco control smoking do not yet have specific legislation through the Executive model from top to bottom, forced some leading cadres and "favor tobacco" "power taking up the" insulation, clean official, clean life.
In addition, to introduce more operational implementing rules and the strict implementation of full play the supervisory role of the people, truly usher in a fresh, clean wind the Sun's social environment.
(今日关注·领导干部带头禁烟)
视点：中央禁令向“权力烟瘾”说不－－聚焦“史上最严”领导干部禁烟新规
新华网北京1月1日电 (记者徐海涛 徐海波 张志龙)甘肃兰州市中小学、网吧等八大类场所1月1日起全面禁烟，餐馆、酒店四大类区域限制吸烟；吉林长春市公务员不得在公共场所和公众面前吸烟，医生不在患者面前吸烟，教师不在学生面前吸烟，向未成年人销售烟草制品最高将被重罚3万元……
随着中央日前出台“领导干部带头在公共场所禁烟”新规，各地禁烟控烟“好声音”不断。专家认为，此次中央新规抓住了“领导带头”这个关键，赋予群众和舆论监督权成了有力保障，将在净化公共环境、杜绝“公款买烟”、纠正干部不良习气等方面产生深远影响。
控烟新规不留死角 “烟枪干部”遭遇尴尬
“这几天我的电话都被打爆了，都是国内外同行、媒体打来的，认为中国控烟事业迎来了十年来最大的政策支持！”中国控制吸烟协会常务副会长许桂华告诉记者。
中央《关于领导干部带头在公共场所禁烟有关事项的通知》连日来引起广泛关注，多地纷纷跟进出台地方版控烟禁烟新规。
－－1月1日起施行的《兰州市公共场所控制吸烟条例》规定，中小学、网吧、体育场等八大类场所全面禁烟，餐馆、酒店、娱乐场所四大类区域限制吸烟，兰州进入“全面控烟”时代。
－－将于3月1日实施的《长春市防止烟草烟雾危害办法》，规定更细、力度更大：公务员不在公共场所和公众面前吸烟，医生不在患者面前吸烟，教师不在学生面前吸烟，家长不在孩子面前吸烟，任何人不得在妇女、儿童和老年人集中活动的区域吸烟。向未成年人销售烟草制品将处以最高3万元的重罚。
－－北京市亦计划，到2015年实现室内全面禁烟。不少省市也将陆续出台关于禁烟控烟的条例、法规，禁烟控烟将迎来“黄金期”。
跟进中央禁烟新规出台的这些地方规定，无一例外将“公务员做表率”“领导负责制”作为重要内容。更显著的是，个人在公共场所随意吸烟、公共场所控烟不力等行为将受到法律层面约束。
中央禁令出台后，一些“烟瘾很大”的领导干部成为关注焦点。安徽一位“一天两包烟”的县委书记告诉记者，这几天他的电话也被“打爆”了，上级让他立即戒烟，同级干部有的劝他注意，有的开玩笑调侃。“以后还吸不吸烟？暂时还戒不掉，上班憋着，回家抽！”
山东省某厅办公室一名干部感到“发愁”：“我经常在办公室熬夜写材料，全靠烟提神，不让吸，这不要了命了？”他坦承“禁烟新政”没有死角，楼道、厕所都不准抽，“就算跑到楼下抽也不行，因为是公务时间。”
“万一被办事群众拍下来传到网上，要出洋相、受批评、挨处分，为了一根烟我犯不上！”左思右想，他准备戒烟。
采访中，多名干部表示，只要禁烟新政坚持下去，干部戒烟将成为趋势。“就算暂时难受一点，长远来看，对身体健康也是好事。”
但也有一些干部开始“转移阵地”。在湖北武汉一家行政单位，工作人员介绍，这两天躲到厕所抽烟的人特别多。还有人在寻找政策“擦边球”，“他们向领导建议，能不能设立专门的吸烟室？”
十年“控烟之难”：一根烟背后的权力腐败
2003年，中国签署了世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》，按约定中国应于2011年实现所有室内公共场所等100%禁烟，期间卫生部和部分城市也出台相关法规，但执行情况并不理想。
调查显示，我国3类有二手烟影响的人群中，男性公务员吸烟率最高，达到61.0%，其次是男性教师吸烟率50.2%、男性医生吸烟率47.3%。
“开会供烟，吃饭发烟，接待时每个房间预备两包烟。”许桂华介绍，山西河曲县原政协主席开会时曾花6万多元公款购买150条中华烟，参会者每人每天发一包。湖北公安县2009年、2013年两次以“红头文件”形式强制摊派卖烟，全县折合人均60包烟。
多位专家认为，中央禁烟新规将给我国的控烟禁烟事业带来一个全新局面，其中要求“领导干部带头”这一点抓住了问题的关键。
“很多领导干部长期吸烟，不仅对自己有害，而且不利于单位创建无烟环境，没有起到好的示范作用。”中国控制吸烟协会会长黄洁夫认为，此次中央新规发布，不仅可以促进公职人员公共场所禁烟，更可以促使领导干部起到带头垂范作用，推动良好社会风气形成。
“十年控烟难的背后，是一些地方政府公款买烟、三公经费乱支出的腐败推手。”许桂华认为，本次中央新规的另一大亮点是赋予群众和媒体监督权，“政策抓住关键点，群众监督作保障，中国控烟禁烟前景才有希望！”
许桂华介绍，签署国际控烟公约10年，全球烟草产品销量下降10%，我国却上升了41.8%，增速全球最高。一些地方政府本应是控烟禁烟的推行者，却变成了烟草购买者甚至推销者，起到了相当负面的作用。
遏制“公款买烟”，能否戒掉“权力烟瘾”？
业内人士表示，控烟禁烟是世界性难题，本次中央禁令规定，严禁使用或变相使用公款支付烟草消费开支，将会对我国控烟禁烟事业产生深远影响。
中研普华管理咨询公司研究员李海姝介绍，2012年我国烟草全行业实现工商税利8649亿元，同比增长15.7%。支撑起卷烟制造业营收基础的是中高档卷烟，2007年中高档烟产量占比大约为30%，到2012年10月这一比重值已高达69.1%。
李海姝分析，公务消费占了高端烟销售的大头，随着中央八项规定和领导干部禁烟等政策陆续出台，对高档烟的市场需求将有一定抑制，卷烟行业面临产量压缩的局面。中部一家大型烟草企业相关负责人也预测，今年高档烟销量将有所下降，但出厂价是否下调，由国家烟草局统一确定。
公款买烟往往以会议费、餐饮费、办公用品费的名义支出，成为监管、审计的难点。湖北省统计局副局长叶青认为，应该从烟草公司、烟草销售店来查，“查他们的发票，看销往哪里，就知道是不是公款买烟。”
“烟是介绍信，酒是敲门砖；买的不抽，抽的不买；领导拿起香烟，下属抢着点火；什么时髦抽什么，级别越高烟越贵。”安徽省社科院社会学所副所长吴树新认为，随着中央禁烟令的出台，这些多年形成的干部不良习气，有望逐步得到纠正。
叶青说，从大吃大喝、名酒、购物卡、月饼到贺卡，干部作风问题一点一滴得到净化。在我国尚无专门控烟禁烟立法的背景下，通过自上而下的行政示范，倒逼一些领导干部与“烟草人情”“权力烟瘾”绝缘，干净做官，干净做人。
此外，要出台更具操作性的实施细则并严格执行，切实发挥人民群众的监督作用，真正迎来风清气正、廉洁阳光的社会环境。
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