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The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2014/1/2 8:47:25 State Office issued the smoking ban， tobacco control ten years of policy support
The core reading
Office, State Office recently issued the circular on leaders take the lead in matters relating to smoking in public places, leading cadres of smoking in public places could not be brought up specific requirements and specifications.
Intensive culture at the central anti-corruption, correct initiatives in place now, requires leaders take the lead in smoking is not only a strong signal of the process of smoking control in public places in China, more is to improve the work style of cadres, preventing concrete manifestation of corruption and waste.
Tobacco people thought that ushered in the "golden period", to introduce as many new smoking rules
"My phone has been ringing off the hook these days, are both at home and abroad, the media call, that ushered in a decade of China's tobacco control support to the Max! "Executive Xu Guihua, Vice President of China Association on tobacco control, told reporters.
China is the world's largest tobacco producer and consumer countries and affected countries. In 2003, China signed the framework Convention on tobacco control, a number of provincial or local legislation in public places smoking control, however, the tobacco epidemic levels remain high, and serious damage to public health.
Industry insiders said, smoking in public places in China, said to some extent, some leading cadres ' responsibility. Smoking is regarded as informal personal habits, even "leadership," a reflection, met cigarettes pleasantries "open circuit", the General Assembly, little smoky, and tobacco control difficulty, and lack of supervision, a rare punishment.
Notice on leaders take the lead in matters relating to smoking in public places is an object of desire of local tobacco control new rules on smoking is also anticipated. The smoking control in public places in Lanzhou city Ordinance come into force on January 1, the prevention of tobacco smoke in Changchun City scheme will be implemented on March 1, Beijing also plans by 2015 and indoor smoking. Number of provinces will be introduced regulations, regulations on smoking tobacco, smoking tobacco is expected to usher in a "golden period".
Anhui Province as a "two packs of cigarettes a day," Party Secretary told reporters that these days, his phone has been "blowing", and superiors let him quit smoking immediately sibling cadres had persuaded him to pay attention, some joking banter. "No smoking in the future? To quit yet, work holding, go home! ”
One Office one of the cadre of Shandong province were "worrying": "I often stayed up all night writing material in the Office, dipping tobacco, refreshing, don't suck, that don't kill? "He admits that" smoking ban "no dead ends, corridors, toilets are not allowed to smoke," even if not even ran downstairs, because it is the official time. ”
During the interview, several officials said, as long as the "smoking ban" stick, cadres and smoking will become a trend. "Even if temporarily uncomfortable, in the long term, good health is a good thing. ”
Leading cadres is the key tobacco control, pragmatic and concrete catch style reflected "micro-management" thinking
Shanxi's Hequ County when it meets the former Chairman had spent more than 60,000 yuan of public funds to purchase 150 Chinese cigarettes, participants made a pack per person per day. Gongan County in 2009, 2013, Hubei Province twice in "red tape" forms of forced apportionment sells cigarettes, the County's per capita equivalent to 60 packs of cigarettes.
Xu Guihua introduction, signed an International Convention on tobacco control 10, the 10% drop in global sales of tobacco products, rose 41.8%, growth rate the highest in the world. Some local governments should have been introduced to tobacco smoking, became tobacco buyers even promoter, played a very negative role.
Wen Jun, Director of the Institute of sociology at East China Normal University believes that alcohol and tobacco is spending public funds in corporate activity, but also seeks to upscale, otherwise seems to have "suspicion of disrespect." Leaders ' "this one", some hack, who tend to be coming out, it opens the gate for corruption, ego, or even reach.
"Ten years of tobacco advancing behind, some local government money to buy cigarettes, ' three ' spending requirements play a role. "Xu Guihua believes that this new regulation with two-another major attraction is the emphasis on mass and media supervisory authority," grasp the key points of policy, public security, tobacco smoking can hope! ”
Experts say that, from the subtle catch problems concerning cadres, reflected a sort of "micro-management" of thinking. Recently, the Central continuous introduction of the party and Government organs economy waste Ordinance, the party and Government organs of domestic corporate hospitality management regulations, the report on further improving the leading cadres ' circular on related matters, and the party members and cadres of spearheading the reform of funeral and interment, a number of provisions, practical, concrete, and practice improved style "number".
"In Shanghai as well as the national tobacco control process, the leading cadres is the key. "Shanghai love Li Zhongyang, Director of the Health Office, said," as long as leaders take the lead, someone who can drive around as long as the leaders ' attention to, smokeless tobacco control work in construction, as well as the whole society run smoothly. And vice versa. "She said, tobacco control work in China, has been encountered heavy resistance of ideas, interests and so on, notice of the two offices, in China's tobacco control performance will have an important role in the process.
Supervision by the masses is the best smoking drugs, eradicate bad habits required to "nail" the spirit
Smoking cure social ills need to break the resistance, and style of leading cadres to improve your implementation and long-term. Many masses for leading cadres of party members be able to take the lead on smoking, style can be effective, still had doubts.
Anhui Province, a university student village officer, said: "If leaders at public places, we can see that to do in the future? Direct cigarette, please? Who will monitor you want to deal with a problem. "Hefei city government Yang also believes that leaders take the lead in tobacco control is a good thing, but the ban without clear oversight body, and punitive measures, is exceedingly difficult to check unhealthy tendencies.
"The tightening more convincing than the programme of a stack, visible outcomes than pledge commitments more effectively. "Wen Jun recommended that" smoking ban "after the system must be a concrete and feasible to implement stringent punitive measures, sow officials can really feel" uncomfortable ". In addition, the public and media supervision channels to ensure a smooth and effective, the system, the case shall be made public on a regular basis, make people see results, oversight, oversight.
"Supervision by the masses is the best smoking drugs. "One of the primary trade and industry civil servant told reporters, after the transfer to the service Hall, see people every day, many people point out that smoking behaviour prejudicial to the image of public officials. "Leaders take the initiative to give up smoking, gradually a Department did not smoke, do people have no concerns about smoke or passive smoking. ”
Public funds to buy cigarettes are often in Conference fees, meals, Office supplies on behalf of the spending, regulatory, auditing difficulties. Deputy Director of the Hubei Provincial Bureau of Yeh believes that tobacco companies, tobacco sales to stores to check, "check their invoices, where are sold, you will know whether public funds to buy cigarettes".
Shanghai Institute of politics, Vice President of Fudan University, said Professor Pu Xingzu, strengthening the construction of work style, no shortcuts. Must play a "nail" the spirit of a problem a problem solving, found together, just exposed, investigated and dealt with. "Comprehensive reform was a battle, only grasp the details, capture section, grab the new year, fundamentally get rid of disadvantages of style. ”
(Integrated Xinhua News Agency reporter Chou Yi, Wu Zhendong, Zhou Chang, Xu Haitao, Xu Haibo, Zhang zhilong coverage)
Extended coverage
Four institutions, including China Association on tobacco control--
Looking forward to "smoking good sound" implementation
Highest rate of exposure to secondhand smoke in public places
40% is not civil servants to quit
Staff writer, Beijing, January 1 (reporter Wang Junping)-"engaged in tobacco control for many years, says of the tobacco problem. Two notifications as spring rains in tobacco control, tobacco control in China has hope. "The China tobacco control Association, said Xu Guihua, Vice President of.
Recently, the Office, State Office jointly issued the notice of the leaders take the lead in matters relating to smoking in public places. China Association on tobacco control, China CDC, Chinese Academy of preventive medicine, Beijing Normal University, Medical Institute of health 4 bodies, such as the notice expert seminar was held recently in Beijing.
According to the survey, China's worst rates of exposure to secondhand smoke 3 locations in the following order: 72% in public places; the family 67.3%; 63% in the workplace. Male smoking rate of civil servants in our country 61% smoking desire 37.3% said recently, only to give up smoking in the civil service.
At the meeting, CPPCC Deputy Director of health, Huang jiefu, President of the China tobacco control Association said publication of the notice, indicating that the party and Government's firm resolve and political commitment to tobacco control. Leaders lead to smoking in public places, will greatly promote the creation of smoke-free environments in public places and maximization of the protection of people in public places against tobacco smoke.
Academician, President of the Chinese preventive medical association, Wang Longde said that leading cadres at all levels have been made clear in the notice no smoking in public places, but also to monitor operators and managers of public places.
"Notice is a good sound tobacco control in China, is China's political commitment at the highest levels, was encouraged by tobacco control community. "Professor Yi said Beijing Xuanwu hospital, ban smoking in public places of leading cadres, led a large number of stop smoking needs, should be amended as soon as possible, clinical smoking cessation guidelines, provide good service for smokers.
Experts highly positive notice, and called on leading cadres at all levels should conscientiously implement the progressively introduce effective tobacco control measures and policies, raise tobacco taxes and prices, tobacco legislation, cigarette packaging health warnings in public places, ban tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship.
核心阅读
中办、国办近日印发了《关于领导干部带头在公共场所禁烟有关事项的通知》，对领导干部不能在公共场所吸烟提出具体明确的要求和规范。
在中央反腐倡廉、匡正风气举措密集出台的当下，要求领导干部带头禁烟，不仅是我国公共场所控烟进程中的有力信号，更是改进干部工作作风、防范贪腐浪费的具体体现。
控烟人士认为迎来“黄金期”，多地出台禁烟新规
“这几天我的电话都被打爆了，都是国内外同行、媒体打来的，认为中国控烟事业迎来了十年来最大的政策支持！”中国控制吸烟协会常务副会长许桂华告诉记者。
我国是世界上最大的烟草生产国、消费国和受害国。2003年，我国签署了《烟草控制框架公约》，多个省市开展公共场所控烟地方立法，但是，烟草流行水平仍然居高不下，严重损害公众健康。
业内人士坦言，我国公共场所禁烟难，某种程度上讲，一些领导干部负有责任。吸烟被视作不拘小节的个人习惯，甚至是“领导风范”的一种体现，见面寒暄香烟“开路”，大会小会烟雾缭绕；机关控烟成难点，并缺少监督、罕见处罚。
《关于领导干部带头在公共场所禁烟有关事项的通知》被寄予愿望，地方版控烟禁烟新规也很受期待。《兰州市公共场所控制吸烟条例》1月1日起施行，《长春市防止烟草烟雾危害办法》将于3月1日实施，北京市亦计划到2015年实现室内全面禁烟。不少省市将陆续出台关于禁烟控烟的条例、法规，禁烟控烟有望迎来“黄金期”。
安徽一位“一天两包烟”的县委书记告诉记者，这几天他的电话也被“打爆”了，上级让他立即戒烟，同级干部有的劝他注意，有的开玩笑调侃。“以后还吸不吸烟？暂时还戒不掉，上班憋着，回家抽！”
山东省某厅办公室一名干部感到“发愁”：“我经常在办公室熬夜写材料，全靠烟提神，不让吸，这不要了命了？”他坦承“禁烟令”没有死角，楼道、厕所都不准抽，“就算跑到楼下抽也不行，因为是公务时间。”
采访中，多名干部表示，只要“禁烟令”坚持下去，干部戒烟将成为趋势。“就算暂时难受一点，长远来看，对身体健康也是好事。”
领导干部是控烟关键，务实具体抓作风体现“微管理”思维
山西河曲县原政协主席开会时曾花6万多元公款购买150条中华烟，参会者每人每天发一包。湖北公安县2009年、2013年两次以“红头文件”形式强制摊派卖烟，全县折合人均60包烟。
许桂华介绍，签署国际控烟公约10年，全球烟草产品销量下降10%，我国却上升了41.8%，增速全球最高。一些地方政府本应是控烟禁烟的推行者，却变成了烟草购买者甚至推销者，起到了相当负面的作用。
华东师范大学社会学研究所所长文军认为，公务活动中的烟酒不少是公款消费，而且还要力求高档，否则似乎就有“不敬之嫌”。领导干部“好这一口”，一些钻营的人往往会投其所好，就会打开贪腐的闸门，自我膨胀、甚至乱伸手。
“十年控烟推进难的背后，是一些地方政府公款买烟、‘三公’经费乱支出的推手。”许桂华认为，本次两办新规的另一大亮点是强调群众和媒体监督权，“政策抓住关键点，群众监督作保障，控烟禁烟才有希望！”
专家们表示，从细微处抓领导干部作风问题，体现出了一种“微管理”思维。近期，中央连续出台《党政机关厉行节约反对浪费条例》、《党政机关国内公务接待管理规定》、《关于进一步做好领导干部报告个人有关事项工作的通知》、《关于党员干部带头推动殡葬改革的意见》等多项规定，务实、具体，抓实了改进作风的“牛鼻子”。
“在上海乃至全国控烟的进程中，领导干部都是关键。”上海市爱卫办主任李忠阳说，“只要领导干部带头，就能带动周边的人；只要领导干部重视，无烟机关建设乃至全社会的控烟工作就能顺利推进。反之亦然。”她表示，中国的控烟工作，一直遭遇观念、利益等方面的重重阻力，两办的通知，在我国控烟履约进程中将产生重要推动作用。
群众监督是最好的禁烟药，根除陋习须发挥“钉钉子”精神
根治公共场所吸烟的社会痼疾需要破除阻力，而领导干部改进作风贵在落实和长效。不少党员群众对领导干部能否坚持带头禁烟，作风建设能否取得实效，仍心有疑虑。
安徽省一名大学生村官表示：“如果领导在公共场合吸烟了，我们看到以后该怎么办？直接把烟掐了吗？谁来监管是要考虑的一个问题。”合肥市政府公务员小杨也认为，领导干部带头控烟是好事，但光有禁令没有明确监督主体和惩罚措施，恐怕难以刹住不正之风。
“严厉监管比一摞纲领更有说服力，看得见的成果也比信誓旦旦的承诺更有效。”文军建议，“禁烟令”出台后，须有一套具体可行的制度细则来落实严格的惩罚措施，让打马虎眼的官员能真正感到“难受”。此外，公众和舆论监督的渠道也要力保畅通有效，各项制度、典型案例应定期公之于众，让群众看到成果，敢监督、常监督。
“群众监督其实就是最好的禁烟药。”一名基层工商所公务员告诉记者，调至服务大厅工作以后，每天见的老百姓多了，不少人当面指出吸烟行为有损公职人员形象。“领导主动戒烟，逐渐一个部门都没人吸烟了，前来办事的群众也就没了递烟或吸二手烟的担忧。”
公款买烟往往以会议费、餐饮费、办公用品费的名义支出，成为监管、审计的难点。湖北省统计局副局长叶青认为，应该从烟草公司、烟草销售门店来查，“查他们的发票，看销往哪里，就知道是不是公款买烟”。
上海市政治学会副会长、复旦大学教授浦兴祖表示，加强作风建设，没有捷径可走。必须发挥“钉钉子”的精神，一个问题一个问题解决，发现一起，就曝光一起、查处一起。“全面深化改革是一场攻坚战，只有抓细节、抓小节、抓年节，才能从根本上革除作风之弊。”
(综合新华社记者仇逸、吴振东、周畅、徐海涛、徐海波、张志龙报道)
延伸报道
中国控制吸烟协会等四机构——
期待“控烟好声音”落实
公共场所二手烟暴露率最高
不到四成吸烟公务员欲戒烟
本报北京1月1日电(记者王君平)“从事控烟多年，备感控烟的难处。两办的通知如同控烟的春雨，中国控烟有希望了。”中国控烟协会常务副会长许桂华说。
近日，中办、国办联合发布了《关于领导干部带头在公共场所禁烟有关事项的通知》。中国控制吸烟协会、中国疾控中心、中国预防医学会、北京师范大学医学卫生研究院等4机构就《通知》日前在京举行了专家座谈会。
据调查，我国二手烟暴露率最严重的3个场所依次为：公共场所72%；家庭67.3%；工作场所63%。我国男性公务员吸烟率61.0%，吸烟的公务员中仅有37.3%表示近期有戒烟愿望。
在座谈会上，全国政协教科文卫副主任、中国控烟协会会长黄洁夫坦言，此次《通知》的发布，表明了党和政府控烟的坚定决心和政治承诺。领导干部公共场所带头禁烟，将会极大地促进公共场所无烟环境的创建，最大限度地保护人民群众在公共场所不受烟草烟雾侵害。
中国工程院院士、中华预防医学会会长王陇德说，《通知》里已明确提出了各级领导干部在公共场所不吸烟，而且还要监督公共场所经营者和管理者。
“《通知》是中国控烟的好声音，是中国最高层的政治承诺，让控烟界人士备受鼓舞。”北京宣武医院支修益教授说，领导干部公共场所禁烟，带动大量的戒烟需求，应尽快修订临床戒烟指南，为戒烟者提供好服务。
与会专家高度肯定《通知》，并呼吁各级领导干部要认真贯彻执行，逐步出台有效的控烟措施和政策，提高烟草税收和价格、公共场所控烟立法、烟盒包装使用健康警示、禁止烟草广告、促销和赞助。
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