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The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2014/1/6 10:22:12 Sichuan shifang family planning 30 fewer 400，000 people， Hua Guofeng was awarded merit for
China's first only-child pilot areas in Sichuan shifang people over 60 accounted for 18.6%
"Family planning model city" pension predicament
Text/photo yangcheng evening news reporter Wen Jianmin
Here from the beginning in 1971 to try to have only one.
Rural towns, 70% above are one-child families.
People over 60 accounted for 18.6% of the city's population in the city, with an annual growth rate of 1%, far exceeding the national average, ahead of ageing.
Here are the Sichuan shifang, China's earliest and most efficient implementation of the family planning policy of the county-level city. In the Central open "separate two kids" reproductive decisions, again caused concern.
"Four-two-one young" village
Seven to one-child families
Wo Feng Valley City 57 years old Liu Sunfu enthusiastically greets a reporter into his new House.
Liu Sunfu Gu Hua village leader of the 16-team, but locals still habitually call him "Captain". Liu Sunfu introduction, the small village of only 64 families, except for one or two of them, and the rest are all one-child families, and his own family is no exception.
"I'm 98 years old married, specified that the very strict, not to the late age of 25 do not let get married and make only one. Sichuan population, family planning, we can all understand, our village, the next village is to have only one. "Liu Sunfu said.
Unique in the village of "happy family" on the posters, there was a family of three generations under one roof 7 "picture of harmony": 4 elderly people, two young men, one a child. Liu Sunfu said their village that does so much more.
In the town of luoshui village Zhou Shaozhi home of 60 years, the couple has only one daughter, when a reporter asked the man when you want to give birth to a grandson, his answer was: "one is enough. Table dishes and a half eating and not eating well. ”
Shifang City Bureau of population and family planning director Li Shunliang describes, the city more than 70% families is one-child families, fertility family planning consistent with policies in recent years have more than 90%.
Unique state merit order
30 fewer 400,000 people
Shifang City Bureau of population and family planning stuck in an alley of the city, Office building looked very old, "we have good planning, a fine little, so people have no money. "A staff member said with self-deprecating.
But in a gallery on the third floor of the Office building, placed a small award certificate of leadership often visited, it was in 1979 by the then Premier Hua Guofeng autographed a copy of "order of the State Council", which is called "shifangxian family planning Office in excellent achievements in the Socialist construction, special awards". It is reported that received only the winning family planning sector 2, due to merit order are no longer issued by the State Council, this award has become unique.
Shifang city Vice Mayor in charge of family planning said Zhao Ke, shifang family planning work is done very well, I should say, is in the province, and the country has an impact, there are two features: first, the country's first family planning, the second is the most efficient. "In family planning for more than 30 years, fewer and more than 400,000 people, or fewer, and now a population of shifang city."
Village cadres for the interruption lead lonely life
Daughter, blame the parent having one
After continuous heavy door and shout, 74 years old Chen Tianxiang finally opened the doors for the Court, his yard in the middle of a rice field with other neighborhood relatively far away.
Chen Tianxiang are advanced shifang city planning model. At the age of 38, being a team leader Chen Tianxiang set an example by ligation of only one case of an only child, took the lead, led 11 households followed by ligation. Chen get more family planning advanced award, and became the first in the city to enjoy planning for rewarding and assisting families, is currently the oldest one-child parents in shifang scheduled registration.
"At the ligation of men in rural areas is a very shameful thing, my ligation, the villagers away abruptly, saying, but I don't regret it, because I am a party member are cadres, should take the lead in responding to national policies. "Chen Tianxiang says.
However, after more than 30 years in the past, Chen Tianxiang was forced to face old problems. "Now I fear nothing, fear of illness. Daughter in marriage in another village, ill have to come back to take care of us, busy, but to complain, ' why are you mad at me only one, it's not! ’”
"Now I and his wife can take care of each other, and if one went, the other can't live. "Chen Tianxiang sighed said.
Press left when you are finished, Chen Tianxiang and his wife constantly putting Orange reporter bag, "their own kind, all the year round, no one came to see me, thank you! ”
Zhou Yong, head of the shifang City Civil Affairs Bureau on ageing Office introduction, until the end of 2012, shifang city people over 60 accounted for 18.6% of the city's population, according to United Nations-related indicators, ageing of the elderly over the age of 60 over 10%. Shifang city exceeds the national average of $ 4.9%, over 2.3% average, Sichuan province, early aging, and an annual growth rate of 1%.
Zhou told Xinhua that currently in shifang city population structure on the old-age pension under a lot of stress, weak family support for the elderly, despite inputs to the old-age pension in the city is growing year by year, but overall, there are many problems, such as limited public welfare home page, social sector and promote rural Endowment inadequate facilities, lack of awareness, lack of pension professionals.
Shifang city Vice Mayor Zhao Ke, "said shifang was a microcosm of China's family planning work, because family planning to hold good, catching it early, so aging problem occurs quite early, the problem is not that we have, and must concern at a high level, and make adjustments in advance. ”
Open "second child alone" baby does have an impact on population structure of shifang, shifang city wary of the heads of the relevant departments. "The moment is still very difficult to assess, at least for the moment, all these years many more of ' single ' family were not born. ”
Wen Jianmin
中国最早独生子女试点地区四川什邡60岁以上老人已占18.6%
“计生模范市”的养老困境
文/图 羊城晚报记者 温建敏
这里从1971年开始便尝试只生一个。
这里无论城镇农村，70%以上都是独生子女家庭。
这里全市60岁以上老人占全市总人口的18.6%，并以每年1%的速度增长，远超全国水平，提前进入老龄化。
这里是四川什邡，中国最早和最有效率实施计划生育政策的县级市。在中央放开“单独二孩”生育决定后，这里再次引发关注。
“四老两中一幼”的村庄
七成独生子女家庭
禾丰镇谷华村57岁的刘孙福热情地招呼记者进到他的新居。
刘孙福是谷华村十六组组长，但当地人还是习惯性地称呼他为“生产队长”。刘孙福介绍，这个只有64户人家的小村子，除了其中的一两户之外，其余全部都是独生子女家庭，他自己家也不例外。
“我二十七八岁才结婚，当时规定得很严，没到25岁的晚婚年龄不让结婚，然后只让生一个。我们四川人多，所以计划生育严一点，大家都能理解，我们村、隔壁村都是这样只生一个。”刘孙福说。
在村里别具一格的“幸福家庭”宣传画上，出现的是一家7口三代同堂的“和谐画面”：4个老人、两个年轻人、一个小孩。刘孙福说，在他们村这种情况确实比较多。
在洛水镇永兴村60岁的周绍枝家里，两口子只有一个独生女，当记者问男主人想不想多生一个外孙时，他的回答是：“一个就够了。一桌子的菜一桌半的人吃，都吃不好。”
什邡市人口计生局局长李顺良介绍，该市七成以上家庭都是独生子女家庭，近年来计划生育符合政策生育率都在90%以上。
空前绝后的国务院嘉奖令
30年少生40万人
什邡市人口计生局窝在城区的一个小巷子里，办公楼看起来很陈旧，“我们计生做得好，罚款少，所以人口局没钱。”一位工作人员自嘲地说。
但在办公楼三楼的一个陈列室，放置了一个大小领导经常参观的获奖证书，它是1979年由当时的国务院总理华国锋亲笔签名的一份“国务院嘉奖令”，称“什邡县计划生育办公室在社会主义建设中成绩优秀，特予嘉奖”。据悉，获得该嘉奖的计生部门全国只有2个，后因国务院嘉奖令不再颁发，这个殊荣变得空前绝后。
什邡市分管计生的副市长赵科说，什邡的计生工作是做得非常好，应该说是在全省，乃至全国都有影响的，有两个特点：一是全国最早搞计生的，二是效率最高。“在实行计划生育的30多年里，少生了40多万人，相当于少生了现在一个什邡市的人口”。
率先结扎村干部的孤独晚年
女儿怨父只生一个
连续重重拍门并大声呼喊后，74岁的陈天祥老人终于打开了院门，他的院子在一片稻田的中央，跟其他邻居隔得较远。
陈天祥是什邡市的计生先进模范。38岁时，身为大队长的陈天祥以身作则，在只有一个独女的情况下率先结扎，带动11户农户跟着结扎。陈因此获得多个计生先进奖励，并成为该市首批享受计生奖励扶助的家庭，也是目前什邡在册登记中年龄最大的独生子女父母。
“当时男人结扎在农村是很丢人的一件事，我结扎后，村里人冷言冷语，说什么的都有，但我到现在都不后悔，因为我是党员，是村干部，就应该带头响应国家政策。”陈天祥说。
但30多年过去后，陈天祥却不得不面临老病难题。“现在我什么都不怕，就怕生病。女儿嫁在另一个村，一生病就要赶回来照顾我们，忙不过来就会抱怨，‘当时干嘛只生我一个，又不是不能生！’”
“现在我和老伴还可以相互照应一下，要是一个走了，另一个就活不了了。”陈天祥叹着气说。
记者采访完离开时，陈天祥和老伴不停地往记者包里塞桔子，“自家种的，一年到头都没有人来看我，谢谢你们！”
什邡市民政局老龄办负责人周勇介绍，到2012年底，什邡全市60岁以上老人占全市总人口的18.6%，而根据联合国的相关指标，60岁以上老人超过10%就算老龄化了。什邡市超过全国平均水平4.9%，超过四川省平均水平2.3%，提前进入老龄化，并以每年1%的速度增长。
周勇告诉记者，目前什邡市人口结构对养老压力很大，家庭养老能力弱，尽管市里对养老的投入年年在增长，但总体而言，存在很多问题，比如公立福利院床位有限、社会养老机构投入和宣传认识不足、农村养老配套设施不足、养老专业人员紧缺等。
什邡市副市长赵科表示：“什邡是中国计生工作的一个缩影，因为计生抓得好、抓得早，因此比较早出现老龄化的一些问题，这些问题不是我们才有，必须在较高的层面关注，提前做出调整。”
对于开放“单独二孩”生育是否对什邡的人口结构造成影响，什邡市相关部门负责人持谨慎态度。“暂时还不好评估，至少从目前看，这些年很多能多生的‘双独’家庭都没有生。”
温建敏
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