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The author:(作者)delv
published in(发表于) 2014/1/8 8:49:22
Cambodian brides in China: no knowledge of Chinese, communication is blind gestures

Cambodian brides in China: a lively exchange no knowledge of Chinese is blind | | | foreign-related marriage the bride _ Cambodia news

Following the Viet Nam after the bride, there is an increasing number of Cambodian brides. Weekend exclusive visits to the rule of law, a village in Hebei province and its surrounding areas inhabited by many Cambodian brides, understand the real living conditions of this group of Cambodian women in China


Rule of law the weekend gaoxin ceramal compound


From Zhangjiakou in Hebei


This village located in Zhangjiakou, Hebei, row upon row of detached bungalows stand silently, a few lines of dogs romping about on the gravel road, sky blue and clean. By day, inhabited the door does not close. Wood fence gate or wooden doors, nudged open.


Winter, this adds to the backers of the little village a few minutes ahead, and all the plants are bare of leaves, wearing khaki coat, long hibernation.


Wang Jia and Xu He, respectively with his bride when he returned to the village in Cambodia, there was greenery everywhere cool summer days. At that time, they turn over three areas of Beijing, Shanghai, Shijiazhuang, and only now did his "priority of age"-the wedding.


Today, more than half a year has passed. Wang Jia, Xu He is and they have the same choice of neighbouring villages or neighboring people, or for those who pass through half an Asian married to Cambodian brides in China, initial fresh fuel have turned to an unusual couple.


According to the data issued by the national statistical office, in 2012, the sex ratio at birth in China fell to 117.7. This means that, for every 100 girls across the country, will be 117 boys born. On the demographics, the normal sex ratio at birth range between 102 to 107.


Media quoted expert forecasts that this imbalance of sex ratio at birth, will have little impact on future Chinese society--"by 2020, China's singles will have 30 million to 35 million."


In this context, less was more males than females, "marry the high cost of" China's rural areas, older male "marriage" problems are more severe.


As a result, in recent years, Viet Nam, Cambodia, China's neighboring countries, such as the "brides" gradually went into China, and all the more welcome. In the view of many, most of these countries women, loyal and hardworking, with them in marriage, it's "reasonable".


In the view of Wang Jia and Xu he two, has not yet been a full year of intercultural marriages are largely satisfied. But in the present and of the future, it is difficult to avoid the breeding of new issues is gradually.


  Exchange is the "blind strokes"


Jia Wang for the first time to see his future bride, at Shanghai Pudong airport. Two people through online dating meet and transfer photos, saw each other. Later, he called her "Tina".


For nearly a year, Wang Jia township near Canton, gradually usher in more than more than 30 Cambodian brides. These brides about 1.6 m in height, ranging in age from 22 to 40, most of which were 54-years-old.


Not far from Wang Jia Xu he, and he called the name of his wife, "Tai". Because could not understand the language of Cambodia, he and Wang Jia, only by a homonym to name his bride.


Relative to the large influx of rural workers of the city, Wang Jia and Xu He farmed is one of the few young men. Two brothers and sisters had to work in the city or work, they stay at home and care for their parents.


When parents first met his wife Xu He, feel extremely diffident: "so thin, body, okay? ”


But after all son finally became home, her in-laws were all smiles, celebrate the dark and thin his wife coming from afar.


Sure enough, the Thai was not in good health. "Sometimes a headache, sometimes stomach pain, what she said, we don't know, she hurts so much. , "Xu said.


Cured in the village, Xu greeting parents specifically to bring Thailand to the city hospital. At the same time, they try to respect the Thai lifestyle.


He kept Xu rural habits of two meals a day, winter to eat cabbages, potatoes and pasta. From tropical Thai suited. So Xu he decided "to eat".


"She's not used to eating our meals, we're not used to her taste. "Xu He said.


Thai like to eat broccoli and garlic sprouts, Cook homemade jerky from time to time. Xu Hema with curious eyes looked jerky has been done, then the baking pancakes and rice said: "the pancakes we ate, the rice is especially for her stew. ”


"Just staying at home with her, let her do whatever the hell. "Xu Hema, 23 years marrying Thai home," there is no family around to take care of her, we got to get this kid kissing girl. ”


Conversation between Tai was standing at his side, smiled from time to time, not a Word. She still does not understand her people are saying to themselves.


Does the language clearly is the biggest challenge facing transnational marriages of this type. Six months later, Wang Jia's wife Elena has been able to speak some simple Chinese, such as "no", "no", pronounced with a local dialect.


In wangjiahena's daily communication, gestures very high usage rate. And if anyone asks Wang Jia "and daughter-in-law how exchanges" Wang Jia always replied: "blind strokes! ”


  Married to Viet Nam it easier for brides


With the rapid development of urbanization, not many young men hanging on to land. Meanwhile, the young women of the village are longing for life in the city, have anyone intending to marry, work and residence.


Even if a girl willing to marry men of this village or near the village, according to local custom, the bride-money, no less.


"Apart from the dowry money, some appliances also complete provisioning of new houses. For some people, and married a local wife is hard. "A local woman villager told reporters.


Such hard physical requirement is that many poor economic conditions or poor rural families cannot afford. Local or even "marry brides in rural areas than to marry the bride in the city to spend money" argument.


Our sixth population census data show that the nation "after the" non-marriage-population ratio is 136:100, and "70hou" non-marriage-population ratio is as high as 206:100.


A large number of rural male youth of school age or older is "left", and they must find a way to finish, "after" family tasks.


Then, Viet Nam bride, represented by transnational marriage, become a more effective solution.


Back in 1994, the State Council issued the notice on strengthening the management of foreign marriage Agency. Which expressly provides that domestic matchmaking agencies and shall not engage in any other unit engaged in foreign-related marriage agency business or disguised. Any person to refrain from deception or for profit or disguised in foreign matchmaking activities.


A few years ago, Viet Nam brides have flocked to China, marriage agencies as a major driving force. But now, with Cambodian brides married into China, although there are still cases of illegal matchmaking agencies operate, this group of women themselves but could have more autonomy.


Some of them through online transfer photos on a blind date, and offered to meet directly to the man's House; so specifically before coming to China to learn Chinese.


Cambodian brides on tourist visas, after a complete medical examination before marriage and a series of legal procedures, to the provincial Department of Civil Affairs of foreign-related marriage registry handle marriage certificate. , After municipal Public Security Bureau exit-entry administrative organs 1 year residence permit.


In Viet Nam, completed a Sino-Vietnam transnational marriage, the singles proved to be both, personally visiting Vietnam and men needed for the application. Compared to Viet Nam, Cambodia women go through the cross-border marriage formalities simpler – just the woman's singles proved, and does not require the men to visit Cambodia for questioning.


At the same time, as the "Viet Nam bride" phenomenon may be in their social problems, over the past two decades, Viet Nam national women married foreign Governments took more stringent vetting system.


Thus, Cambodia bride became the new "TT".


"She had no material on the hard and fast conditions, just complaining about the climate, the environment, that's her good back home. "Wang Jia says.


  Unaccustomed to foreign brides


One night, and washed her hair in the House, ready to push the door wearing hospital, near the principal rooms of the cottage bathroom. Her in-laws and her husband hastily pointing with his hand to stop: "big winter and cold outside, when the hair is dry, wearing a hat to go out again. ”


Don't know because could not understand and still didn't think it was necessary, Thailand despite the block, and ran out. Woke up the next day, she pointed at your head, uncomfortable look, then catch a cold.


"She is cold headache. We go around looking for doctors, to prescribe the medicine. Her home there wasn't such a cold, does not know the habit. , "Xu said.


When Cambodia, with an average temperature in lingshang25dao28sheshidu. Thai village in northern China, difference in temperatures close to 30 degrees Celsius.


Thai just at the door and it's dark and thin. Married into China, she didn't have to work all day at home. Xu He said if Thailand want to eat anything, and they can read or understand, try to meet.


Six months down, Thai round a lot, rather than just upon entry, pretty much.


However, Thai Chinese are still at the entry stage, social activities are limited to the same village several other Cambodian brides. Family in Cambodia, Thai and one Cambodian bride's House not far away, they often move up.


Even careful to respect each other, but do not speak the language and "don't knows", or let the Master Xu and occasionally heart of suspicion.


"None of us knew where her home in Cambodia. Ask her, she can't understand. Xu He says she's got a scar, have no idea how it got before. Several Cambodian brides and they total all whispering together, and have no idea what you're talking about. Don't want to go? , "Xu said.


Compared with Thailand, Jia Wang's wife Elena gentle lot. Today, she is with child. In some cases, nothing at home, she would draw some stick. However, does not speak the language will give her new family a little communication problem.


"For example, she did not understand what we were looking for, what to do, we can't let her know. Just getting used to each other. "Wang Jia MOM a smile.


Spend some time later, originally "hardworking, loyal, reliable" impression gradually changed. End of the day, is "everyone has their own paths." In Xu's view, his daughter-in-law Tai can be much more than the stubborn Wang Jia wife Elena temper.


  Flying high "cost of follow-up"


This winter, in order to let their wives for the winter, she went out of town and bought a new pair of cotton pants for Thailand. And her own cotton pants has worn for years.


"I am afraid she is cold, feel bad in here. "Xu says.


However, after all, limited economic conditions. Thai habit of eating meat and vegetables, are some of effort to let Xu Hejia burden. Especially after entering the winter, fresh vegetable prices have gone up again.


Apart from food and clothing costs a bit higher than local wives, international calls and an important expenditure. Xu he father said, "you have to let people proceeding by irregular steps to phone home, right? This cost is also very high. ”


But as long as Thailand down to stay at home, and then "add new", said Xu he, MOM and dad were willing to bear the costs.


"Go back to this, I can't stay here. "Xu Hema said.


Volleying has been quietly listen, Xu He walked into the kitchen. He opened the lid and wanted to see how Thai beef jerky. Thailand tacitly moved to the side and sat on the bench with a smile.


In China, the bride married in Cambodia in recent years to escape after divorce or precedent, but also have to want to go after, and even brought his sister in China.


For men who married Cambodian wife, fear most is the "bride's runaway", eventually ended up lose both men and money.


Some time ago, near a village just a false alarm.


While watching her husband in the fields farming, one bride country roads around Cambodia. By chance saw a minibus, she got in the car.


End of a minibus in the County. "Brides" has no money, the driver kindly received. After getting off, "brides" mad with God. Completely alien to her, and ask for directions, don't speak the language.


Ultimately, she was lucky enough to find the original Public Security Bureau exit-entry administration of the complete application.


Police could not understand the language of Cambodia, only to call the villagers in another village. Because the villager's Cambodian wife, is knowing the most Chinese Cambodian brides of all.


Finally, in "remote telephone translation" under the help of civilian police understand "bride" just lost their way quickly to the "brides" husband made the call, pick up someone in the House.


"Brides" husband later said find look for a long time with the whole family of people, worried and frustrated, thought the wife can't stay and ran away.


  5 years trapped


Summer of year of the horse, wangjiahena are expecting their first child. This mixed-race baby's nationality is Chinese, Wang Jia on the account will be home.


However, Elena hospital and other related expenses in the production, and can only be borne entirely at his own expense. Because as a foreign "pulmonary", she cannot apply for or have included insurance, maternity insurance.


Just like taihena, marrying Chinese husbands of foreign brides, after 5 years of marriage before they can apply for permanent residence, then apply for Chinese nationality.


In the first 5 years, who at the best time in my life, no insurance, unable to work; bear the responsibility for cultural integration and the child.


People's Republic of China Law on exit and entry management article 43rd, foreigners did not comply with the requirements to obtain work permits and work of such residence documents to work in China, illegal employment.


"Cambodian brides" generally do not obtain a work permit or residence documents the working class, while their fate is also free.


Cambodian brides has been seen near the village of huihun. Man can only choose to divorce, the bride returned to Shanghai Pudong International Airport.


After the adaptation period, left by now, almost all of which are voluntary to catch.


Wang Jia heard some time ago, a neighboring village one in Cambodia, cousin of the bride, served sister out when you are finished, make a decision to stay here. Subsequently, this cousin is married to the next village, an elderly man of the age of seven or eight villagers.


Open an existing report, only explicitly released on Cambodian brides in this province of Jiangxi province statistical data.


In December 2013, the morning Herald News in Jiangxi province said in 2013 in the foreign marriage registration center of Jiangxi province registered foreign-related marriage, most of the Viet Nam brides and bridal in Cambodia, which total more than 2000. Among them, Cambodia bride has nearly 1200. And in 2012, only the number of Cambodian brides in Jiangxi province to more than 80 people.


As one then one Cambodian brides become mothers, the villagers started to guess the baby be in future. "What's also mixed it! "A local villager said smiling.


Wang Jia and Xu He referred to his foreign wife caring terms. But for the future, they still have a lot is unknown.


"Son and daughter-in-law later accounts and insurance can run smoothly? "Similar problems, the backers of the village rise.


Pregnant TINA has decided to stay, even if occasionally want to weep. Her native Cambodia, is one of the world's least developed countries. Where there are many young women want to marry to China.


(Wang Jia, Xu Heji both their wives are not his real name)


(Original title: Cambodian brides in China)

January 08, 2014 Law weekend
(
柬埔寨新娘在中国:不懂汉语 交流就是瞎比划|柬埔寨|新娘|涉外婚姻_新闻资讯

  继越南新娘之后,中国出现了越来越多的柬埔寨新娘。法治周末记者独家探访了一个有较多柬埔寨新娘居住的河北山村及其周边地区,了解到了这群柬埔寨女性在中国的真实生活状况


  法治周末记者 高欣


  发自河北张家口


  位于河北张家口的这个村庄,一排排的平房独院静默矗立,几条家狗在沙石路上嬉闹,天空蓝得干净。因是白天,有人居住的家门并未关上。木栅栏门或木板门,轻推即开。


  冬日给这座靠山的小村庄平添了几分萧索,所有的植物都掉光了叶子,披着土黄色的外衣,兀自冬眠。


  王嘉和徐贺分别带着自己的柬埔寨新娘回到本村时,这里还是绿阴遍地的凉爽夏日。当时,他们辗转北京、上海、石家庄三地,才终于完成了自己“年龄段内的头等大事”——结婚。


  如今,大半年过去了。无论对于王嘉、徐贺还是与他们有着相同选择的邻村或邻乡人,抑或对于那些纵贯半个亚洲嫁到中国的柬埔寨新娘,最初的新鲜都已化为寻常夫妻的柴米油盐。


  据国家统计局发布的数据,2012年我国出生人口性别比下降到117.7。这意味着,全国每出生100个女孩,就会出生117个男孩。在人口统计学上,出生人口性别比的一般正常范围在102至107之间。


  有媒体引述专家预测称,这种失衡的出生人口性别比,将给未来的中国社会带来不小影响——“到2020年,中国的光棍将有3000万到3500万”。


  在这一背景下,原本就男多女少、“娶妻成本高”的中国农村地区,大龄男青年“结婚难”问题更为突出。


  也因此,近年来,越南、柬埔寨等中国周边国家的“新娘”逐渐走进了中国,且愈发受到欢迎。在不少人看来,这些国家的女子大都勤劳、忠诚,与她们结合的婚姻,还算“实惠”。


  在王嘉和徐贺两家人看来,对尚未满一年的涉外婚姻是基本满意的。但身处当下、面向未来,一些难以回避的新问题也在逐渐滋生。


  交流就是“瞎比划”


  王嘉头一次见到自己未来的新娘,是在上海浦东机场。二人通过网上相亲认识,互传照片后,都相中了对方。后来,他唤她“娜”。


  近一年多来,在王嘉家附近的几个乡级行政区,陆续迎来30多位柬埔寨新娘。这些新娘的身高多为1.6米左右,年龄从22岁到40岁不等,其中以二十三四岁者居多。


  徐贺家离王嘉家不远,他给自己的妻子起名叫“泰”。由于听不懂柬埔寨语,他和王嘉一样,只能通过谐音给自己的新娘取名。


  相对于农村大量涌入城市的务工人员,王嘉和徐贺是为数不多的务农男青年。二人的兄弟姐妹都到城里工作或打工,他们则守在家中,照顾父母。


  徐贺的父母第一次见到儿媳时,心里直打鼓:“这么瘦,身体会好吗?”


  但毕竟儿子总算成了家,公婆还是满脸笑容,喜迎这位远道而来的黑瘦儿媳。


  果然,泰的身体并不好。“有时候头疼,有时候闹肚子疼,她说什么我们也听不懂,她就疼得叫。”徐母说。


  怕在村里治不好,徐贺的父母专门带着泰到城里医院看病。同时,他们尽量尊重泰的生活习惯。


  徐贺家保留着农村一日两餐的习惯,冬天多吃白菜、土豆和面食。来自热带的泰不适应。于是,徐贺家决定“各吃各的”。


  “她吃不惯咱们的饭菜,咱们也吃不惯她那种口味。”徐贺说。


  泰喜欢吃菜花和蒜薹,还不时下厨自制肉干。徐贺妈带着新奇的眼神打量已经做好的肉干,然后指指炕上的烙饼和米饭说:“烙饼我们吃,米饭是专门给她焖的。”


  “只要她好好在家呆着,想干什么就让她干什么。”在徐贺妈看来,23岁的泰远嫁他乡,“没有家人在身边照顾她,咱们就得把这孩子当亲闺女看。”


  言谈间,泰就站在旁边,不时笑笑,不发一言。她显然还听不懂婆家人是在说自己。


  语言不通,显然是这类跨国婚姻中面临的最大挑战。半年过后,王嘉的妻子娜已经会说一些简单的中文,比如“没有”、“不”等,发音带着当地的方言味儿。


  在王嘉和娜的日常交流中,手势的使用率极高。若有人问王嘉“和媳妇怎么交流”,王嘉的回答总是:“瞎比划!”


  比娶越南新娘更容易


  随着城市化的高速发展,坚守在土地上的男青年并不多。与此同时,村里的女青年们则一心向往城里的生活,纷纷出外嫁人、打工、定居。


  即使有姑娘愿意嫁给本村或临近村的男子,按照当地习俗,彩礼钱也不少。


  “除了彩礼钱,有的还会要家电置备齐全的新房。对一些人家来说,娶个当地媳妇很难。”一位当地女村民对记者说。


  这样的硬性物质要求,是不少经济条件欠佳或较差的农村家庭无法承担的。当地甚至有了“娶农村媳妇比娶城里媳妇还花钱”的说法。


  我国第六次人口普查数据显示,全国“80后”非婚人口男女比例为136:100,而“70后”非婚人口男女比例更高达206:100。


  一大批适龄或大龄的农村男青年因此被“剩”下,而他们又必须想办法完成“留后”的家族任务。


  于是,以越南新娘为代表的跨国婚姻,成为一个比较有效的解决方法。


  早在1994年,国务院办公厅下发《关于加强涉外婚姻介绍管理的通知》。其中明确规定,国内婚姻介绍机构和其他任何单位都不得从事或变相从事涉外婚姻介绍业务。任何个人不得采取欺骗手段或以营利为目的从事或变相从事涉外婚姻介绍活动。


  几年前,越南新娘涌入中国,婚介机构成为主要推动力。而如今,随着柬埔寨新娘嫁到中国来,虽然仍有婚介机构违法运作的个案发生,这一女性群体自身却已经有了更多的自主性。


  她们有的通过网上互传照片相亲;有的主动提出要直接到男方家里见面;有的还因此在来中国前专门学习汉语。


  柬埔寨新娘一般持旅游签证入境,在完成婚前体检等一系列法定程序后,到省民政厅涉外婚姻登记处办理结婚证。之后,到所在市公安局出入境管理机关办理1年的居留许可。


  在越南,完成一桩中越两国的跨国婚姻,则需男女双方的单身证明,而男方也需要亲自赴越办理手续。比起越南,柬埔寨女性办理跨国婚姻的手续更加简单——只需要女方的单身证明,并且不需要男方赴柬接受询问。


  同时,随着“越南新娘”现象可能在本国产生的社会问题,近两年来,越南政府也对本国女性外嫁他国采取了更严格的审核制度。


  于是,柬埔寨新娘成了新的“香饽饽”。


  “她没有物质上的硬性条件,只是会抱怨气候、环境没她家那边好。”王嘉说。


  水土不服的异国新娘


  一天夜里,泰在屋里洗完头发,准备推门穿院,想到正房斜对面的茅房上厕所。公婆和丈夫急忙用手比划着制止:“大冬天的,外面冷,等头发干了戴着帽子再出去。”


  不知是因为听不懂,还是觉得没必要,泰不顾阻拦,跑了出去。次日醒来,她指着自己的头部,显出难受的表情,接着就感冒了。


  “她那是冻着了头疼。我们赶紧去附近找来医生,给开了药。她家那边儿没这么冷,不知道这里的习惯。”徐母说。


  彼时的柬埔寨,平均温度还在零上25到28摄氏度。与泰所在的中国北方乡村,气温相差近30摄氏度。


  泰刚过门时,又黑又瘦。嫁到中国后,她不用工作,整天在家。徐贺说,只要泰想吃什么,并且他们能看懂或听懂的,都尽量满足。


  半年下来,泰圆润了不少,比起刚入境时,漂亮很多。


  但泰的汉语水平依然尚在入门阶段,社交活动也仅限于同村另外几位柬埔寨新娘。在柬埔寨的娘家,泰与其中一位柬埔寨新娘家离得不远,便经常走动起来。


  即使谨慎地相互尊重着,但语言的不通和“不知根知底”,还是让徐母偶尔心生猜疑。


  “咱们都不知道她家在柬埔寨的什么地方。问她,她也听不懂。徐贺说她身上有伤疤,也不知道之前是怎么弄的。而且她们几个柬埔寨媳妇总凑在一起嘀嘀咕咕,也不知道在说什么。不会是想走吧?”徐母说。


  与泰相比,王嘉的妻子娜性格温和许多。如今,她已有身孕。有时,在家无事,她会画些简笔画。然而,语言的不通还是会给她的新家庭带来一些沟通上的小麻烦。


  “比如,她听不懂我们要找什么、做什么,我们也没办法让她明白。只能互相慢慢适应了。”王嘉妈笑言。


  相处一段时间后,最初“勤劳、忠诚、实惠”的印象逐渐改变。到头来,还是“各人有各人的脾性”。在徐母看来,自己的儿媳泰可比王嘉媳妇娜的脾气倔多了。


  飘高的“后续成本”


  今年冬天,为了让儿媳安然过冬,徐母特意进城,给泰买了条新棉裤。而她自己的棉裤已经穿了好几年。


  “就怕她冻着,觉得在这儿过得不好。”徐母说。


  然而,毕竟经济条件有限。泰常吃肉和绿色蔬菜的习惯,还是让徐贺家负担起来有些吃力。尤其进入冬日后,新鲜蔬菜的价钱又有所上涨。


  除却吃穿成本要比本地媳妇高出一截,国际长途电话费也是一项重要开支。徐贺爸说:“你得让人家隔三岔五给家里打个电话吧?这费用也挺高。”


  但只要泰能踏踏实实呆在家里,再“添枚新丁”,徐贺的爸妈还是表示愿意承担这样的成本。


  “回头人家要走,咱也不能留啊。”徐贺妈说。


  话音未落,一直在旁静静听着的徐贺走到厨房。他掀开锅盖,想看看泰的肉干做得如何。泰默契地挪到一旁,微笑着坐在了小板凳上。


  在中国,近年的确有柬埔寨新娘嫁来后跑掉或离婚的先例,不过,也有来了以后不想走,甚至还把自己姐妹带来中国的情况。


  对于娶了柬埔寨媳妇的男方而言,最怕的就是“新娘落跑”,最后落得人财两空。


  前段时间,临近的村子就闹了一场虚惊。


  在看着丈夫下地种田时,一位柬埔寨新娘在乡间路上闲逛。偶然看到一辆乡际小巴,她便上了车。


  小巴的终点在县城。“新娘”没带钱,司机好心没有收。下车后,“新娘”慌了神。她对此地完全陌生;问路,也是语言不通。


  最终,她幸运地找到了当初办理住宿申请的公安局出入境管理机关。


  民警听不懂柬埔寨语,只能给另一个乡里的村民打电话。因为这位村民的柬埔寨妻子,是所有柬埔寨新娘中汉语懂得最多的。


  最终,在“远程电话翻译”的帮助下,民警明白“新娘”只是迷了路,便迅速给“新娘”的丈夫打了电话,让家里来接人。


  “新娘”的丈夫后来表示,全家人找了半天都没找到人,又着急又沮丧,还以为媳妇呆不下去,跑了。


  5年之困


  马年盛夏,王嘉和娜将会迎来他们的第一个孩子。这个混血婴儿的国籍将是中国,户口也将上在王嘉家。


  然而,娜在生产时的住院及其他相关费用,只能全部自费承担。因为作为外籍“暂住人口”,她无法申请或拥有包括生育保险在内的各类保险。


  像泰和娜一样,远嫁中国丈夫的外籍新娘,在结婚满5年后,方可申请永久性居留,继而申请加入中国国籍。


  在初来乍到的5年间,她们正值一生中的最好年华,没有保险,不能工作;承担着文化融入与生育子女的重任。


  《中华人民共和国出境入境管理法》第四十三条规定,外国人未按照规定取得工作许可和工作类居留证件在中国境内工作的,属于非法就业。


  “柬埔寨新娘”们普遍没有取得工作许可或工作类居留证件,同时,她们的去留也是自由的。


  附近村庄曾出现过柬埔寨新娘悔婚的情况。男方只能选择离婚,再将新娘送回上海浦东机场。


  适应期过后,如今留下的,几乎都是自愿嫁来的。


  王嘉听说,前段时间,邻村一位柬埔寨新娘的表姐过来,伺候完妹妹的月子后,作出留在这里的决定。随后,这位表姐嫁给了隔壁村一位年长自己七八岁的男村民。


  在公开的现有报道中,只有江西省明确公布过对本省柬埔寨新娘的统计数据。


  2013年12月,《江西晨报》一则消息称,2013年在江西省涉外婚姻登记中心登记的涉外婚姻中,绝大部分是越南新娘和柬埔寨新娘,两者总量超过2000对。其中,柬埔寨新娘有将近1200名。而在2012年,江西省柬埔寨新娘的数量仅为80多人。


  随着一位接着一位柬埔寨新娘即将成为母亲,村民们开始猜测腹中胎儿未来的长相。“怎么也是混血呢!”一位当地村民笑眯眯地说。


  王嘉和徐贺对自己的外籍妻子呵护有加。然而对于未来,他们依然有许多未知。


  “孩子和媳妇以后能不能都顺利上户口和保险?”类似的问题,还在将这片靠山的乡村中此起彼伏。


  怀有身孕的娜已经决意留下,即使偶尔会因想家而落泪。她的祖国柬埔寨,是世界最不发达的国家之一。在那里,还有不少想嫁到中国的年轻女性。


  (王嘉、徐贺及两人各自妻子均为化名)


(原标题:柬埔寨新娘在中国)


2014年01月08日02:13
法治周末
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