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The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2014/1/8 8:50:22 Environmental Protection Department and the province sign controlled hazes junlingzhuang： interviewed by persons not in compliance
Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province to determine the target of 25% annual PM2.5 concentrations declined, Shanxi, Shandong, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, down 20%.
On January 7, informed the Environmental Protection Department, for the implementation of the plan of action for the control of air pollution (hereinafter the plan), the Ministry of environmental protection and China's 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) signed the air pollution prevention and control goals document, clear the air quality improvement goals and priority tasks.
The Ministry of environmental protection said all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) air quality objectives are the core elements of the target document, objective responsibility also includes the main tasks in the plan of action for the control of air pollution measures. Target document called on all localities to develop implementing rules and annual plans, decomposition implementation task, down to the year.
"Objective responsibility such forms were chosen, because Central Government wants to strengthen the responsibilities of local air quality assessment. , "An official at the Ministry of environmental protection of the 21st century business Herald reporter, environmental systems, signed responsibility form is very strict, had only four bound field of pollutant emissions, showing that countries really want to" do something ".
Haze control tasks throughout the country and clear
According to the air pollution prevention action plan released in September 2013, requirements, by 2017, the national level and above in urban concentration of inhalable dropped by 2012 more than good days increased year by year; Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions such as fine particulate matter concentrations decreased, 25%, 15%.
Environmental Department of informed displayed, Beijing Jin JI and the around area (Beijing, and Tianjin, and Hebei, and Shanxi, and in Inner Mongolia, and Shandong), and long triangle, and beads triangle regional within of 10 a province and the Chongqing focus examination PM2.5 annual concentration declined situation, which, Beijing, and Tianjin, and Hebei determines has declined 25% of target, Shanxi, and Shandong, and Shanghai, and Jiangsu, and Zhejiang determines has declined 20% of target, Guangdong, and Chongqing determines has declined 15% of target, in Inner Mongolia determines has declined 10% of target.
"Comparison of notification and the plan is not difficult to find, not in three regions of Chongqing will focus on the study of PM2.5, which was not in the plan. "China Central ASTRI Chai Fa, Vice President of the 21st century business Herald reporter analysis may consider to Chongqing is larger, since the three other municipalities are important investigation on PM2.5, Chongqing should not live in them.
At the same time, other 20 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) focus assessment annual average PM10 concentration declines, and environmental quality situation in all areas, air quality improvement goals are divided into five: annual average PM10 concentrations well below the new standard provinces air quality levels require continuous improvement, exceeded the annual average PM10 concentrations near a secondary standard or provinces, according to the degree over, make different demands.
In particular, the 15% drop in Henan, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Xinjiang, and Gansu, Hubei, decrease of 12%, Sichuan, Liaoning, Jilin, Hunan, Anhui, Ningxia down 10%;, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Guizhou, Heilongjiang down 5%; no declined requests, Tibet, Yunnan, Hainan, only that its continuous improvement.
"That take into account the characteristics of the different provinces, to classification, and propose different requirements for different types of provinces, formally draws on national energy conservation target decomposition methods. "Analysis of a local environmental protection official told the 21st century business Herald reporter. According to the Environmental Protection Department, at present, the country has promulgated a dozen provinces have been implementing the programme, and with the districts and cities and provinces directly lead the counties (cities) signed the target document.
For example, Hunan province, Hunan province has introduced the plan of action for implementation of the air pollution control regulations, signed with 14 municipal people's Government of Hunan provincial responsibility air pollution prevention goals. Specifically, by 2017, Changsha, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan and loudi, Yongzhou PM10 concentrations declined in 2012 on the basis of 20% per cent, decline in jishou, changde, Yueyang, 15%, CHENZHOU, Hengyang, yiyang, Shaoyang, Huaihua, Zhangjiajie city, such as 10%.
No assessment will be interviewed
In addition to air quality improvement objectives, objective responsibility also includes the main tasks in the plan of action for the control of air pollution measures.
For Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and its surrounding areas in 6 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), the target document identified a comprehensive control of air pollution in coal cutting capacity, backward elimination, and comprehensive treatment of boiler, motor vehicle pollution control, dust control, capacity-building and other work quantified objectives, and plan to work; for other provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), the proposed task measures a principled requirements.
"While the State only to Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and its surrounding areas 6 provinces (regions and municipalities) made specific requirements, but also attached much importance to the target can be achieved in other areas, from top to bottom, is now attaches great importance to haze solution. "Former local officials explained to 21st century economic report from task decomposition, Beijing was particularly fine, and learn the rest.
The Ministry of environmental protection said, the State Council promulgated measures for the examination in each of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) ambient air quality improvement measures and tasks to complete the evaluation.
"Plans under has clear made, will focus regional of fine particles property indicators, and non-focus area of can inhalation particles property indicators as economic social development of constraint sexual indicators, this is on" Twelve-Five "planning of a big breakthrough, in" Twelve-Five "planning both of constraint sexual indicators Shang increased has new of constraint sexual indicators, indicates that national will like energy emission reduction as height attention air quality of improved. "The aforementioned Department of environmental protection officials said.
In accordance with national requirements did not pass the examination area, sector, environmental protection Department, in conjunction with organizations criticized the watchdog and interviewed officials, and put forward rectification opinions.
"Considering the haze of governance we are facing the grim situation, I suggest around completing tasks based on national requirements, should actively strive to achieve better governance and haze goals, improvement of the air quality in order to meet people's expectations. "Chai says.
Institute of science and technology policy and management science, Wang Yi, Deputy Director of the 21st century business Herald reporter analysis efforts in all areas, the Ministry of environmental protection should also consider setting up a special agency responsible for regional air pollution, and exactly how you can further design. But judging from the environmental situation we now face, only a "nominal" the pollution on the region linkage system is not enough.
(Original title: Environmental Protection Department and the province sign controlled hazes junlingzhuang: interviewed by persons not in compliance)
北京、天津、河北确定了PM2.5年均浓度下降25%的目标，山西、山东、上海、江苏、浙江下降20%。
1月7日，环保部发布通报，为贯彻落实《大气污染防治行动计划》(以下简称《计划》)，环保部与全国31个省(区、市)签署了《大气污染防治目标责任书》，明确了各地空气质量改善目标和重点工作任务。
环保部表示，各省(区、市)空气质量改善目标是目标责任书的核心内容，目标责任书还包括《大气污染防治行动计划》中的主要任务措施。目标责任书要求各地制定实施细则和年度计划，分解落实任务，细化到年度。
“之所以选择目标责任书这种形式，是因为中央想强化对地方空气质量的责任考核。”环保部的一位官员对21世纪经济报道记者介绍，在环保系统内，签责任书这种形式非常严格，此前只在四种约束性污染物减排领域采用过，可见国家这次真的要“有所作为”。
全国各地控霾任务明晰
根据2013年9月国务院发布的《大气污染防治行动计划》要求，到2017年，全国地级及以上城市可吸入颗粒物浓度比2012年下降10%以上，优良天数逐年提高；京津冀、长三角、珠三角等区域细颗粒物浓度分别下降25%、20%、15%左右。
环保部的通报显示，京津冀及周边地区(北京、天津、河北、山西、内蒙古、山东)、长三角、珠三角区域内的10个省及重庆市重点考核PM2.5年均浓度下降情况，其中，北京、天津、河北确定了下降25%的目标，山西、山东、上海、江苏、浙江确定了下降20%的目标，广东、重庆确定了下降15%的目标，内蒙古确定了下降10%的目标。
“对比通报和《计划》不难发现，不在三大区域的重庆也将重点考察PM2.5，这一点在《计划》中原本是没有的。”中国环科院副院长柴发合对21世纪经济报道记者分析，可能国家考虑到重庆是直辖市，既然另外三个直辖市都是重点考察PM2.5，那么重庆也不应居于人后。
同时，其他20个省(区、市)重点考核PM10年均浓度下降情况，并根据各地环境质量状况，将空气质量改善目标划分为五档：PM10年均浓度远低于新空气质量二级标准的省份要求其持续改善，PM10年均浓度接近二级标准或超标的省份，根据超标程度，做出不同的要求。
具体而言，河南、陕西、青海、新疆下降15%；甘肃、湖北下降12%；四川、辽宁、吉林、湖南、安徽、宁夏下降10%；广西、福建、江西、贵州、黑龙江下降5%；海南、西藏、云南没做出下降的要求，只是要求其持续改善。
“这种考虑到不同省份的特点，对之进行分类，并对不同类型的省份提出不同的要求，从形式上借鉴了全国节能目标的分解方式。”一位地方环保官员对21世纪经济报道记者分析。根据环保部介绍，目前，全国已有十几个省份陆续出台实施方案，并与各设区市和省直管县(市)政府签订了目标责任书。
例如，湖南省已经出台了《湖南省落实大气污染防治行动计划实施细则》，湖南省人民政府与14个市州人民政府签署了大气污染防治目标责任。具体而言，到2017年，长沙、株洲、湘潭、娄底、永州可PM10浓度在2012年基础上下降20%左右；岳阳、常德、吉首下降15%；郴州、衡阳、益阳、邵阳、怀化、张家界等市下降10%。
未过考核将被约谈
除空气质量改善目标外，目标责任书还包括《大气污染防治行动计划》中的主要任务措施。
对于京津冀及周边地区6省(区、市)，目标责任书明确了煤炭削减、落后产能淘汰、大气污染综合治理、锅炉综合整治、机动车污染治理、扬尘治理、能力建设等各项工作的量化目标，并将工作任务分解至年度；对于其他省(区、市)，提出了任务措施的原则性要求。
“尽管国家只对京津冀及周边地区6省(区、市)做了详细的要求，但其余地方也会高度重视目标能否实现，因为现在从上到下都十分重视雾霾的解决。”前述地方环保官员对21世纪经济报道记者解释，从任务分解来看，北京做得特别细，值得其他地方借鉴学习。
环保部表示，国务院将颁布考核办法，每年对各省(区、市)环境空气质量改善和任务措施完成情况进行考核。
“《计划》已经明确提出，将重点区域的细颗粒物指标、非重点地区的可吸入颗粒物指标作为经济社会发展的约束性指标，这是对“十二五”规划的一大突破，在“十二五”规划既有的约束性指标上增加了新的约束性指标，表明国家会像节能减排一样高度重视空气质量的改善。”前述环保部官员表示。
根据国家的要求，对未通过考核的地区，环保部将会同组织部门、监察部门进行通报批评，并约谈有关负责人，提出限期整改意见。
“考虑到我们面临的雾霾治理形势十分严峻，我建议各地在完成国家要求的任务基础上，应积极努力实现更好的治霾目标，这样空气质量的改善才能满足人们的预期。”柴发合表示。
中科院科技政策与管理科学研究所副所长王毅对21世纪经济报道记者分析，在各地努力之外，环保部也应该考虑设置一个专门的负责区域大气污染的派出机构，具体如何操作可以进一步设计。但从我们现在面临的环境形势来看，仅有“名义”上的污染区域联动机制还不够。
(原标题：环保部与各省签控霾军令状：未达标者约谈)
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