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The author:(作者)delv
published in(发表于) 2014/1/8 8:55:32
Shangguan epitaph of 982 characters first published， covering the experiences of death

CNS, Xian, January 7 (reporters and)-7th told reporters the Shaanxi Provincial Archaeological Institute, concerns of Tang dynasty Tomb of guanwaner research on the latest progress, the published shangguan epitaph total 982 words, covering lineage, experience, the cause of death, burial grounds and other information. Experts say the guanwaner is on participants and victims of the struggle for power in the Palace of the Tang dynasty and Wu Zetian's daughter Princess in peace funding funeral, also advocated codification of her anthologies.

August 2013, the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology in the West and salty airport metro, new archaeological survey, found a sloping ramps patios and small shrines of single-chamber brick tomb of coupons, face South, 36.5-metre level, 10.1 meters deep. By ramps, 5 patios, 5 hole, 4 niches, corridor and burial chamber and other components. Disi、Wu through the hole and down the patio with v were widespread disturbances, niches IV through the hole dug in on both sides, was not stolen, and were unearthed in the shape and keep better.

Down the epitaph is placed within a collection, cover title "Datang zhaorong shangguan's Ming", the blue mass, a square. Chi-rock high, wide-74, 15.5 cm thick. Fine point, incised or 32 lines, lines 33 words, a total of 982 words. Four side lose ground in the Rosary patterns as a whole box of 12 Chinese zodiac are lined with moire Honeysuckle. On lunar new year animals for animal images, vivid and realistic. Chi Chi Shi Si and gaisicha side-line pattern is beautiful, the land is fine, carved decorative motifs are rare on the epitaph of the Tang dynasty line of best make.

Related to historical displays, the tomb of tangzhongzongzhaorong shangguan, shangguan female poet of the Tang dynasty, and was buried in the first year of Tang Jingyun (710 years) in August.

Associate researcher at the Institute of archaeology of Shaanxi Province Li Ming, introduction, preface the epitaph with nearly half of the space, narrative guanwaner grandfather generation official calendar, boast of his exploits literary talent. Language narrative with plenty of space and the art of guanwaner and Wei Hou, Lok Princess party draw, even at "die, please drink a legendary bird with poisonous feathers, a few to Britain", clearly indicates that her political position. Combined with historical records: after death, conspired with Princess Taiping, on leaving, "Wang Dan staff politics" as it tries to contain Wei Hou.

Analysis of Li Ming, shangguan and King, Princess Taiping in the late part of the same camp, rather than Wade a party.

First of all, shangguan and Princess Taiping peers, "Princess Taiping, Gaozong girls. Born grace socket. Early son-in-law Xue Shao yonglong year drop. "Secondly, grew up in a Palace with guanwaner on Princess Taiping, with frequent contact conditions. Once again, with Wu close to guanwaner on, and Princess Taiping's second son-in-law Wu You cum is what Wu clan members. Both personal relationships and the same political opinion is entirely possible.

According to the epitaph records, Tang Ruizong shangguan cakes was buried, the tomb of Princess Taiping lobby Tang Ruizong construct, and stressed that "mourning Princess Taiping, Envoy diaoji, present a gift to a bereaved family to 500, the term aims to take precautions." Translated into the vernacular, is that Princess Taiping was sad, sent his men to diaoji, send a gift of money made on the occasion of a funeral 500 silk, which is money, 500 silk during the Tang dynasty was a great deal of money.

Has expert refers to, Shang guanwaner behind thing twists and: Canh van first year (710 years) August to zhaorong identity buried, Taiping Princess present a gift to a bereaved family very thick, Zhang said for its wrote inscription; Canh van II years (711 years) Chase complex zhaorong, Chase posthumously Whitney text, Taiping Princess Shang table codification shangguan zhaorong set under, Zhang said for sequence; congenital II years (713 years), Taiping Princess was gave died, Shang guanwaner tomb was "official destroyed tomb". That are deceased article, reflects the political struggle in Tang dynasty's tragic and treacherous.

Shangguan was buried in "State of xianyang County of Mao Yong Tao Heung Hong Duyuan", said Li Ming, shangguan's Emperor Zhongzong of Tang zhaorong, supposedly buried Tang Ding Ling. However, the shangguan zhaorong was meanwhile Royal foul play and violent death, not funerary mausoleum sense. So, Tang Secretary shangguan zhaorong cemetery of choice simply because Hong Du was originally a traditional noble tombs in the history section? Or were there other reasons? Subsequent archaeological finds, may be able to uncover the mystery. (End)

(Original title: epitaph of shangguan first publication of Wu Zetian's daughter Princess Taiping to bury)

　　中新网西安1月7日电(记者 冽玮)陕西省考古研究院7日向记者透露，备受关注的唐代上官婉儿墓研究工作有最新进展，该院公布了上官婉儿的墓志，计982字，涵盖世系、经历、死因、葬地等信息。专家称，上官婉儿是唐代宫廷权力斗争的参与者和牺牲品，武则天之女太平公主资助其葬礼，还主张为她编纂文集。

　　2013年8月，陕西省考古研究院在西咸新区空港新城的考古勘探中，发现一座斜坡墓道多天井和小龛的单室砖券墓，坐北朝南，水平全长36.5米，深10.1米。由墓道、5个天井、5个过洞、4个壁龛、甬道和墓室等部分组成。第四、五天井与第五过洞及甬道被大范围扰动，壁龛开凿于第三、四过洞两侧，未被盗扰，形制和出土物皆保存较好。

　　甬道内放置墓志一合，盖题“大唐故昭容上官氏铭”，青石质，正方形。志石高、广皆74、厚15.5厘米。划细线棋格，阴刻正书32行，满行33字，共计982字。四侧在整体联珠纹框内减地线刻十二生肖，衬以缠枝忍冬。生肖皆为动物形象，生动写实。志盖四刹和志石四侧的线刻图案造型优美、錾刻精细，在唐代墓志线刻装饰图案中属难得的上乘之作。

　　有关史料显示，该墓墓主为唐中宗昭容上官氏，即唐代女诗人上官婉儿，葬于唐景云元年(710年)8月。

　　陕西省考古研究院副研究员李明介绍，《墓志》序文用近一半的篇幅，叙述上官婉儿祖父三代的历官，夸耀其事迹文采。还用大量篇幅和艺术化的语言叙述上官婉儿极力与韦后、安乐公主一党划清界限，甚至不惜“请饮鸩而死，几至颠坠”，明确表明她的政治立场。结合史书记载：中宗驾崩后，婉儿与太平公主合谋，于遗制中引“相王旦参谋政事”，试图牵制韦后。

　　李明分析，上官婉儿在中宗朝后期与相王、太平公主属于同一阵营，而非韦后一党。

　　首先，太平公主与上官婉儿同龄，“太平公主者，高宗少女也。以则天所生，特承恩宠。初，永隆年降驸马薛绍。”其次，太平公主与上官婉儿同在宫中长大，具备频繁接触的条件。再次，上官婉儿曾与武氏过从甚密，而太平公主的第二任驸马武攸暨正是武氏家族成员。两人有私交和相同政见是完全有可能的。

　　据墓志记载，唐睿宗下诏安葬上官婉儿，该墓系太平公主游说唐睿宗修建，并强调“太平公主哀伤，遣使吊祭，赙赠五百匹，词旨绸缪”。翻译成白话文，就是太平公主很伤心，派人去吊祭，送奠仪五百匹绢，也就是份子钱，五百匹绢在唐代是一笔巨款。

　　有专家指，上官婉儿身后事一波三折：景云元年(710年)8月以昭容身份葬，太平公主赙赠甚厚，张说为其撰写碑铭；景云二年(711年)追复昭容，追谥惠文，太平公主上表编纂《上官昭容集》，张说作序；先天二年(713年)，太平公主被赐死，上官婉儿墓遭到“官方毁墓”。这种做已逝者文章的行为，折射出唐代政治斗争的惨烈与诡谲。

　　针对上官婉儿葬于“雍州咸阳县茂道乡洪渎原”，李明表示，上官氏系唐中宗所册昭容，理应陪葬唐定陵。然而，上官昭容于李唐皇室有隙，又系横死，不能获陪葬帝陵合乎情理。那么，唐代有司为上官昭容选择的墓地仅仅是因为洪渎原是历史上传统的贵族墓葬区吗？还是存在其他理由？接下来的考古发现，或许能揭开这个谜底。(完)

(原标题：上官婉儿墓志首次公布 武则天之女太平公主助其安葬)

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