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The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2014/1/16 12:20:35 Beijing is going to artificially eliminate haze in scientific experiments
Reporter (reporter Xue Lei) "artificial elimination of haze", already entered the city in the background of the atmospheric pollution in meteorological modernization agenda. Yesterday, members of the municipal Committee of the CPPCC, Deputy Director of the municipal Meteorological Bureau Wang Yingchun revealed that the city's elimination of the artificial fog and haze in scientific experiments are in the preparatory stage.
Last year November, China Meteorological Bureau issued of follow-up implementation straddling air pollution control action plans 〉 implementation programme under in the has pointed out that, 2015 country meteorological sector will formed artificial improved air quality job capacity, in heavy pollution weather conditions Xia, can take viable of meteorological intervention measures abatement fog haze; in December 18 of city meteorological modernization workshop Shang, Beijing Deputy Mayor Lin Keqing said, this city will carried out artificial abatement fog haze science test. Yesterday, the municipal Meteorological Bureau Wang Yingchun, Deputy Director confirmed the news.
On panel discussion at yesterday morning's Beijing Municipal Committee, told Beijing Youth daily reporter Wang Yingchun that, municipal Meteorological Administration, hosting the Beijing weather modification Office is working on artificial elimination of fog and haze of scientific experiments. But she was cautious about this work. "The artificial haze removal scientific experiments, is a new kind of exploration," said Wang Yingchun, "local fog we've ever done before, but for a wide range of eliminating haze, its effects are unknown. ”
According to media reported, previously on has meteorological expert said, artificial effects weather abatement fog haze of main way is artificial increased rain and artificial Xiao fog, but fog haze conditions Xia artificial increased rain of difficulty larger; currently may will in extremely special of Council to fog haze of situation Xia, on visibility do some test, but take artificial way mitigation big range fog haze of possibilities is small.
Wang Yingchun said, first, due to equipment instrument and technology method of different, the sector on air pollution of detection data are cannot unified, like this city 2012 annual PM2.5 concentration value, environmental, and meteorological, and University, and Academy came of concentration data are endless same, monitoring lack unified of standard and technology specification; second, for culture composite type pollution formed of mechanism, and migration law still not clearly, sources from what party, and migration law still no findings; last, for air pollution control of technology, Lack of consistent and systematic, in-depth research and development.
In response to these issues, she recommended the establishment of interdisciplinary and cross-industry, cross-sectoral research collaboration and collaborative mechanisms. "Specific measures, for example, establish a Committee of experts from the national level, the establishment of air pollution prevention and control in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region development fund, there is the integration of current environmental, meteorological, research institutes and universities, and other research and development strength, avoid fragmentation status, to create synergy. ”
"Atmospheric pollution, sector interaction" is Wang Yingchun on recommendations made by the CPPCC last year. In the past year, she said the municipal Meteorological Bureau has established a consultation mechanism and municipal environmental protection Bureau, the two sides closer. "But the way to go to reach effective mechanism to move this work forward, there is still some distance. "Wang Yingchun said.
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This city accounts total pollutant emissions
Last May, the city released the Beijing city "Twelve-Five" main pollutant emission reduction measures for the examination, evaluation results will become a cadre's examination and evaluation of major pollutants are important sources. Yesterday the Chief on the Forum, Beijing Youth daily reporter from the environmental protection agency was informed that 2013 total pollutant emissions in the city which is in accounting. In addition, this year the city will begin to improve the air quality monitoring network, targeted to control air pollution.
In the total amount of pollutant emission reduction measures for the examination requirements, total pollutant emission reduction targets have a substandard, focus not on target districts and units of the responsibility for the implementation of the project, you can't pass the annual examination. 2013 targets all relevant units in the city is complete, test results? The municipal environmental protection Bureau said Yu Jianhua, Director of the atmosphere, all relevant units and districts in the city last year, pollutant discharge quantity of data is accounting, because it involves a lot of statistics, estimation process, the results yet. In addition to him, "the clean air action plan" implementation of superior environmental protection Department is developing assessment methods.
This year began to improve air quality monitoring network
"We are working on '3-year plan ', air quality monitoring station number, the function is effectively added. "Municipal environmental protection monitoring center director Zhang Dawei said at a Chief Advisory yesterday, the City currently has environmental assessment points, traffic pollution monitoring stations in 35 air quality monitoring sites for the next 3 years will gradually improve air quality monitoring network. More monitoring sites major additional features, such as industrial monitoring, monitoring points in the vertical direction, etc.
Zhang Dawei said stations aimed at better targeting about additional sources of air pollutants, provides data for air pollution control reference. Individual stations due to urban development, changes in the surrounding environment, do not meet the original functions, re-planning their points. Public concern about air quality monitoring information, mainly to see if suitable for outings, whether it should be Windows open for ventilation, current monitoring sites has been largely met. "3-year plans" after the end, found the new monitoring requirements, you will continue to add new monitoring sites.
Air pollution forecast and early warning plans to strengthen
At present, the city's daily air pollution forecast and early warning, is published by the met Office after telephone consultation with the EPA. Environmental protection monitoring center director Zhang Dawei said at a Chief Advisory yesterday, on "improving the air pollution forecast and early warning capacity" approach has been set up at City Hall. If the project is approved, air quality and meteorological departments in consultation with the environmental protection sector will switch to video formats, and feel free to share surveillance data can improve the air quality forecast, accuracy and timeliness of early warning.
The Group/our reporter Zhou Jingqi
(Original title: Beijing has attempted to localized fog test)
本报讯（记者 薛雷）“人工消除雾霾”的工作，已经在大气污染的背景下进入了市气象现代化工作的议程中。昨日，市政协委员、市气象局副局长王迎春透露，本市的人工消除雾霾科学试验正在处于筹备阶段。
去年11月，中国气象局印发的《贯彻落实〈大气污染防治行动计划〉实施方案》中曾指出，2015年全国各地气象部门将形成人工改善空气质量作业能力，在重污染天气条件下，能够采取可行的气象干预措施消减雾霾；在12月18日的全市气象现代化工作会议上，北京市副市长林克庆表示，本市将开展人工消减雾霾科学试验。昨日，市气象局副局长王迎春确认了这一消息。
在昨日上午的北京市政协小组讨论会上，王迎春对北京青年报记者表示，市气象局代管的北京市人工影响天气办公室正在筹备人工消除雾霾的科学试验。不过她对这项工作持谨慎态度。“人工除霾是科学试验，是一种全新的探索，”王迎春说，“之前我们做过局部地区的消雾，但对于大范围的消除雾霾来说，其效果怎样还都是未知的。”
据媒体报道，此前就有气象专家表示，人工影响天气消减雾霾的主要方式是人工增雨和人工消雾，但雾霾条件下人工增雨的难度较大；目前或许会在极为特殊的局地雾霾的情况下，对能见度做一些试验，但采取人工方式缓解大范围雾霾的可能性很小。
王迎春表示，首先，由于设备仪器和技术方法的不同，各部门对大气污染的检测数据都不能统一，比如本市2012年年均pm2.5浓度值，环保、气象、大学、科学院得出的浓度数据都不尽相同，监测缺乏统一的标准和技术规范；其次，对于区域性复合型污染形成的机理、迁移规律仍然不清楚，污染源来自何方、迁移规律仍然没有定论；最后，对于大气污染防治的技术，缺乏持续、系统、深入的研发。
针对这些问题，她建议建立跨学科、跨行业、跨部门的科研合作和协作机制。“具体的措施，比如从国家层面设立专家委员会，建立京津冀区域大气污染防治合作研发基金，还有就是整合目前环保、气象、研究院所和高校等研发力量，避免各自为政的现状，形成合力。”
“大气治污，部门联动”是王迎春在去年政协会议上就提出的建议。在过去的一年中，她表示市气象局已经和市环保局建立了会商机制，双方联系更加紧密。“但是距离达成能够推动这项工作前进的有效机制，还有一段距离。”王迎春说。
相关新闻
本市正核算污染物减排总量
去年5月，本市发布《北京市“十二五”主要污染物总量减排考核办法》，主要污染物的考核结果将成为干部考核评价的重要依据。昨天的政务咨询会上，北京青年报记者从环保局了解到，2013年本市污染物减排总量目前正在核算中。此外，今年本市将开始对空气质量监测网络进行完善，以针对性地治理大气污染。
《污染物减排总量考核办法》中规定，污染物总量减排目标有一项不达标，重点项目未按目标责任书落实的区县和单位，就不能通过年度考核。那么2013年本市各相关单位减排目标是否完成，考核结果如何？市环保局大气处处长于建华表示，本市各相关单位和区县去年的污染物排放总量数据正在核算中，因为涉及大量统计、测算过程，目前还未出结果。此外他介绍，针对各地方“清洁空气行动计划”的落实情况，上级环保部门正在制定考核办法。
今年开始完善空气监测网络
“我们正在制定‘3年计划’，让空气质量监测站的数量、功能得到有效补充。”市环境保护监测中心主任张大伟在昨天的政务咨询会上表示，本市目前有环境评价点、交通污染监测点等35个空气质量监测点位，未来3年将逐步完善空气质量监测网络。主要是增设功能更丰富的监测点位，如工业区监控点、垂直方向监控点等。
张大伟表示，增设监测站旨在更有针对性地了解空气污染物的来源，为大气污染治理提供数据参考。个别监测站因城市开发，周边环境变化，已不符合原本功能定位，将重新规划其点位。公众通过监测信息关注空气质量，主要是看是否适合外出活动，是否应开窗通风，目前的监测点位已基本能满足。“3年计划”结束后，如发现新的监测需求，则将继续新增监测点位。
空气污染预报预警拟加强
目前，本市每天的空气污染预报及预警，是由环保局与气象局电话会商后发布。环保监测中心主任张大伟在昨天的政务咨询会上表示，关于“提高空气污染预报预警能力”的办法目前已在市政府立项。该项目如获批，环保部门与气象部门的空气质量会商将改用视频形式，并随时共享监测数据，可提高空气质量预报、预警的准确度和及时性。
本组文/本报记者 周敬启
（原标题：北京已尝试局部地区消雾试验）
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