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The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2014/1/23 8:54:23 Beijing will reduce PM2.5 into legislation
Xinhuanet, Beijing, January 22 (reporter Ni Yuanjin)-adopted by the second meeting of the 14th session of the national people's Congress in Beijing, 22nd vote Beijing air pollution control Ordinance, reducing PM2.5 in legislation for the first time, the "total quantity control" is central to legal liability reflects the "death squads" convergence "" penalty no limit. "
It is understood that the eight chapters of the regulations, for general principles, common control, focusing on total pollutants discharge control, stationary sources of pollution prevention, pollution control in motor vehicles and non-road mobile machinery emissions, dust pollution prevention, liability and by-laws.
The regulations will reduce PM2.5 into legislation for the first time, clear Beijing's air pollution control goal is to reduce the concentration of PM2.5, refines motor vehicle pollution control requirements, increased volatile organic matter pollution control pollution, control of non-road mobile machinery, a chapter set "to control dust pollution".
Regulations determine the reduced stock and control with a combination of incremental "dual control." On the control measures achieved by the simple concentration control, transition to a total concentration and control and clearly to control the total volume of cars and coal-fired. Strengthening economic punishment such as punishment of the Ordinance, rule violations, announced economic punishment such as into the enterprise credit information system; a pilot emissions trading, encourage economic incentives such as higher emission vehicle out.
Deputy Director of the Beijing municipal environmental protection Bureau, said Fang Li introduced, Beijing is entering "with a focus on governance PM2.5" new phase of air pollution prevention and control, with the goal by 2017, the city's annual average PM2.5 concentrations decreased by 25% per cent, at 60 mg/m or so. In 2013, this indicator to 89.5 μg/m3.
Contrasting Beijing's implementation of national ambient air quality standards (GB3095-2012), 2013 only sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide standards Beijing, exceeded the annual average concentration of PM10, PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide, 54%, 40%, excessive ozone in summer and autumn 2013 more than severe (grade 5, grade 6) pollution in 58 days, PM2.5 exceeding the worst into legislation is in line with the new situation.
Under the Ordinance, the serious air pollution will likely be held criminally responsible. Section 128th of the Ordinance provides that contravention of this Ordinance provides that discharge atmospheric pollutants, causing serious pollution to constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law. Li Xiaojuan, Director of the Beijing Municipal People's Congress Law Office interviewed said that the provision was intended to constitute a crime cannot be "penalized torture" If pollution limits act constitutes a crime under criminal law, shall be punished in accordance with the criminal law, "no cap" cannot pay the fine.
In addition, the regulations follow the representatives in the discussions, due to persistent features of atmospheric pollution, the penalty taken off the "Cap amount", and the empowerment of citizens, legal persons and other organizations a right of disclosure and reporting.
新华网北京1月22日电 (记者倪元锦)北京市第十四届人民代表大会第二次会议22日表决通过《北京市大气污染防治条例》，降低PM2.5首次纳入立法，“总量控制”是核心内容，法律责任体现“行刑衔接”“罚无上限”。
据了解，《条例》共八章，为总则、共同防治、重点污染物排放总量控制、固定污染源污染防治、机动车和非道路移动机械排放污染防治、扬尘污染防治、法律责任、附则。
《条例》首次将降低PM2.5纳入立法，明确北京市大气污染控制目标是降低PM2.5浓度，细化了机动车污染防治规定，增加防治挥发性有机物污染、防治非道路移动机械污染，专章设置“防治扬尘污染”。
《条例》确定削减存量与控制增量相结合的“双控制度”。在治理措施上实现了由单纯的浓度控制，向浓度与总量控制并重转变，明确了对机动车数量和燃煤总量进行控制。《条例》还加强处罚等经济惩罚手段，规定了公布违法行为、纳入企业信用信息系统等非经济惩罚手段；试行排污交易、鼓励高排放机动车淘汰等经济鼓励措施。
北京市环保局副局长、新闻发言人方力介绍，北京市正进入“以治理PM2.5为重点”的大气污染防治新阶段，目标是到2017年，全市PM2.5年均浓度下降25%以上，控制在60微克／立方米左右。2013年，这一指标为89.5微克／立方米。
对比北京市执行的国家《环境空气质量标准》(GB3095－2012)，2013年北京市仅二氧化硫、一氧化碳达标，PM10、PM2.5、二氧化氮年均浓度分别超标54%、156%、40%，夏秋臭氧超标，2013年重度以上(5级、6级)污染天数58天，PM2.5超标最为严重，纳入立法是顺应治理新形势。
根据《条例》，严重污染空气者将有可能被追究刑事责任。《条例》第一百二十八条规定，违反本条例规定，排放大气污染物，造成严重污染，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。北京市人大常委会法制办主任李小娟接受采访表示，该条款本意是构成犯罪不能“以罚代刑”，若污染行为构成刑法所规定的犯罪界限，须依照刑法进行处罚，“上不封顶”的罚款不能了事。
此外，《条例》在讨论中遵循代表意见，因大气污染持续性特点，处罚上去掉“封顶数额”，并赋予公民、法人和其他组织相应的要求公开和举报的权利。
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