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The author:(作者)delvpublished in(发表于) 2014/1/23 8:57:45 Previous two sessions junlingzhuang counting， refraction upgrading China’s Outlook on governance
China places two conferences held in January-intensive. The two sessions focus on 2014 economic objectives are established, as well as "first year of reform," implementation of significant reforms to advance. Observe the previous two sessions, found around the "junlingzhuang". "Junlingzhuang" is a political commitment and a political responsibility and political role.
"Junlingzhuang" focusing on governance and haze
Throughout this year has made a "junlingzhuang", focusing on governance areas such as air pollution and dissolve excess capacity. For example, Beijing Mayor Wang anshun signed "if air pollution (control objectives) by 2017, and ' head '", "life and death", Hebei provincial Governor Zhang Qingwei set the "iron and steel, cement, glass, added a ton of capacity, party and government accountability, removed from Office" and "junlingzhuang". At present, our country faces prominent problems are, lack of scientific development, ecological debt is too much. Good ecological environment is the most equitable public product, is the most General of people's livelihood and welfare, are closely related to each of the interests of the common people. Solve the overcapacity problem is essentially an adjustment of interest structure, needs to touch the soul. Generally agreed that "more difficult too, so, drag the passive". According to an analysis, control air pollution and solve haze problem, you must check the "life and death", "junlingzhuang". Only in this way can mitigate local officials "hats" and "money bag" resistance, can be forced out of the responsibility of the provincial government. As XI, General Secretary said that "laid the junlingzhuang depends on results."
Different years focusing on different
Goes back in the past, especially in recent years, different places in the year of two, signed "junlingzhuang" topics. For example, in 2009, held two sessions on, across State economic work next year, "junlingzhuang" – the economic growth to outperform the 8%, the "protect eight". A background is associated with this international financial crisis intensified, weakening external driving force for China's economic growth, economic stability and job security increased pressure and potential social instability increase. At this point, the local government made a "protect eight", "junlingzhuang", no doubt for China's sustained economic growth has brought a dose of "lifeblood". By the year 2011, a change in the stance of economic development in China, one of the most striking features is that housing prices continue to rise, "home ownership scheme" dream all the more difficult. In response to this development trend, the Central Government decisions, increase investment in affordable housing supply. On regional meetings in the year, have made a "junlingzhuang" sign housing security objective responsibility, integrating affordable housing mandates into local government examinations.
Development concept at the decision-making level upgrade
In recent years between "junlingzhuang" and found topics from "economy" to "social field" and "ecological area" changes. To some extent, and a "junlingzhuang" change history is also a history of governance in China to upgrade. Since reform and opening up, China has always attached importance to economic development. In recent years, the Chinese face of inequality, stratification, modernization problems such as concentration of social conflicts, destruction of the environment. From the "protect eight" to "affordable housing" to the "governance haze" such as "junlingzhuang" changes behind the upgrade reflects China's Outlook on governance, that is, from the "economic governance" to "social governance", to the "ecological management" to deepen.
中国地方两会在1月密集召开。此次地方两会重点在于2014年经济目标的制定，以及“改革元年”重大改革事项的落实推进。观察历次地方两会，发现各地常出“军令状”。一份“军令状”，就是一份政治承诺，一份政治责任和政治担当。
“军令状”聚焦治霾
今年各地已立下的“军令状”，集中于治理大气污染、化解产能过剩等领域。例如，北京市长王安顺签下了“如果空气污染(控制目标)到2017年实现不了，‘提头来见’”的“生死状”，河北省长张庆伟立下了“钢铁、水泥、玻璃，新增一吨产能，党政同责，就地免职”的“军令状”。当前，我国面临的突出问题是，科学发展不足，生态欠账太多。良好的生态环境是最公平的公共产品，是最普惠的民生福祉，与每一个老百姓的利益息息相关。而化解产能过剩问题，本质上是利益格局的调整，需要触动灵魂。普遍认为，“再难也得干，越拖越被动”。有分析认为，治理大气污染，解决雾霾问题，必须签“生死状”“军令状”。只有这样，才能减轻地方官员“帽子”和“钱袋子”的阻力，才能倒逼出地方政府的担当责任。正如习近平总书记所说，“立了军令状就要看结果”。
不同年份侧重不同
追溯以往，尤其近些年，不同年份的地方两会，签订“军令状”的主题不同。例如，2009年召开的地方两会上，各地纷纷立下当年经济工作的“军令状”——经济增速跑赢8%，即“保八”。而与此相关的一个大背景是，国际金融危机加剧，中国经济增长的外部动力减弱，经济稳定和就业保障压力加大，潜在社会不稳定因素增多。此时，地方政府立下“保八”“军令状”，无疑为中国经济的持续增长注入一剂“强心剂”。到了2011年，国内的经济发展态势发生了变化，最醒目的一个特征是住房价格不断上涨，“居者有其屋”的梦想愈发不易。针对这一发展态势，中央政府果断决策，加大保障房的投入供应。在当年地方两会上，各地纷纷立下“军令状”，签订住房保障工作目标责任书，将保障房任务完成情况纳入地方政府考核。
决策层发展观升级
比较近些年地方两会“军令状”的变化，发现主题逐渐从“经济领域”向“社会领域”、“生态领域”转变。一定程度上，一部“军令状”的变迁史，也是一部中国的治理升级史。改革开放以来，中国一直重视经济的发展。近年，中国面临贫富差距、阶层分化、社会矛盾集中、生态破坏等现代化转型难题。从“保八”到“保障房”再到“治理雾霾”等“军令状”的变化，背后折射出中国治理观的升级，即从“经济治理”到“社会治理”，再到“生态治理”的深化。
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