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The author:(作者)归海一刀published in(发表于) 2014/1/30 6:30:08 Beijing Spring Festival or the haze days， first day is not suitable for new year’s Eve Fireworks
Reporter Jia Xiaoyan
Yesterday, the municipal meteorological Observatory issued weather forecast during the Spring Festival: the second day of the new year's Eve to new year, the air pollution dispersion in poor weather conditions, is not conducive to the spread of pollutants, fog haze may occur, particularly on new year's Eve and new year's day, advised people to reduce discharge of fireworks and firecrackers.
Not suitable for beginning new year's Eve Fireworks
Municipal meteorological observatory chief forecaster Liao Xiaonong introduction, from January 30 to February 6, general trends in meteorological condition of air pollution in the city are: prophase is poor, medium well, late slip.
Specifically, from January 30 to February 1, surface wind speed decreases in Beijing area, is not conducive to the spread of pollutants in the air, air pollution, meteorological conditions from level 4 to level 5, the visibility gradually slip. From the effect of letting off firecrackers on new year's Eve night set, likely to a short-term low visibility conditions, this period has the likelihood of fog and haze. From February 2 to February 4, affected by the spread of cold air coming down from the, the city about 4 northerly winds blowing, and meteorological conditions for 2 to 3 levels of air pollution, diffusion conditions significantly improved visibility is better. February 5, spread conditions may slip again.
On new year's Eve and new year's day two days, fireworks set off in the city meteorological index of 2 to 3 per cent, less desirable or undesirable discharge.
Concentrated discharge of PM2.5 increased by 10 times
Why is there this situation? Liao Xiaonong explained that new year's Eve, the city northerly air flow control, flow convergence occurs later in the evening, however, conducive to the accumulation of pollutants in the southern part of North China. At the same time, some hundreds of meters high from the ground, in North China as a whole has a southerly, conditions for forming a regional transportation of pollutants. In addition, judging from the ground wind speed prediction, new year's Eve afternoon to night, wind speed is less than two meters per second, dispersion conditions are relatively poor.
Statistics from the 2006 new year's Eve PM2.5 concentrations, concentrated discharge period at midnight, PM2.5 trend has shown a steep rise, its concentration is about 10 times during the day, such as characteristics of pollutant emissions causing fine particulate matter increase in the concentrate discharge period is fairly obvious. 2010 new year's Eve at midnight blowing North wind 6 meters to 8 meters per second, soaring features are presented.
"From the point of view, this proliferation of meteorological conditions are relatively poor, so advise the public to minimize the discharge. "Liao Xiaonong said.
General favour during the Spring Festival travel
Until yesterday, 97 consecutive days without precipitation in the city this winter. City weather forecast during the Spring Festival, Beijing area snowfall, high winds and persistent and severe haze above the 6 level of disastrous weather, such as less likely overall weather conditions conducive to travel.
Introduction municipal meteorological observatory chief forecaster Sun Jisong, from January 30 to January 31, the city's high altitude West air currents and the ground effects of weak convergence zone, the weather will be mainly cloudy. The night of February 1 to February 2, there may be visibility 1 to 3 km in the plain areas of fog or haze, not conducive to the spread of air pollutants, and temperatures are significantly higher. Subsequently, the city is protected by strong cold air, from the afternoon into the night there in February 2 about 5 northerlies northerly airflow control and began to turn to the high altitude, the cold air spread South, dominated by sunny to cloudy weather, temperatures continue to fall, the temperature gradually adjusted to normal or slightly lower. February 5, daytime maximum temperatures in most areas will fall to around 0 ° c, night-time minimum temperatures down to-8 ° c in the plain areas around minimum temperatures can drop to around-13 degrees Celsius in mountainous areas.
Expected during the Spring Festival, Beijing urban area mean temperature is around 0 ° c, representing perennial high, extreme minimum temperatures around-8 ° c; Plains average temperature is-1 ° c to-2 ° c, representing perennial high; average temperatures of about-4 ° c in mountainous areas, representing an high year round. Warm winter this assertion, Sun Jisong, said this winter is not the most warm, Beijing had reached 20 degrees Celsius recorded during the Spring Festival.
Chinese new year tips
① due to no precipitation, dry Beijing air, combined with the February 2 4 and above can occur by North, fireworks set off to rising danger class further, requiring special attention the city fire and forest fire.
② as the advance continued high temperatures, River and Lake ice thickness is thinner, decline in hardness, visitors and the public to pay attention to activities on ice safety.
③ February 4 temperatures dropped significantly, alert out to keep warm, coal-fired user attention to the prevention of gas poisoning.
(Original title: on new year's Eve the first haze or added to the mix)
本报记者 贾晓燕
昨天，市气象台发布春节期间天气预报：除夕至大年初二，本市空气污染扩散气象条件较差，不利于污染物的扩散，可能出现雾霾天气，尤其是除夕和大年初一，建议广大市民减少燃放烟花爆竹。
除夕初一不适宜燃放
市气象台首席预报员廖晓农介绍，1月30日至2月6日，本市空气污染气象条件总体趋势为：前期较差，中期较好，后期转差。
具体来说，1月30日至2月1日，北京地区地面风速逐渐减小，不利于空气中污染物的扩散，空气污染气象条件等级为4至5级，能见度将逐渐转差。受除夕夜间集中燃放烟花爆竹的影响，可能出现短暂能见度较低的情况，这个期间有出现霾和雾天气的可能性。2月2日至2月4日，受冷空气扩散南下影响，本市会刮起4级左右偏北风，空气污染气象条件为2至3级，扩散条件明显改善，能见度较好。2月5日至2月6日，扩散条件可能再度转差。
除夕和大年初一这两天，本市烟花爆竹燃放气象指数为2到3，不太适宜或不适宜燃放。
集中燃放PM2.5会增10倍
为什么会出现这种状况？廖晓农解释，除夕当天，本市受偏北气流控制，但到傍晚以后会出现气流的辐合，有利于污染物在华北南部的堆积。同时，在离地面约几百米的高度上，整个华北地区都有偏南风，形成了污染物区域输送的条件。此外，从地面风速预报来看，除夕傍晚到夜间，风速小于每秒两米，扩散条件比较差。
从2006年至2013年除夕PM2.5浓度统计来看，在午夜集中燃放时间段，PM2.5都出现了陡增的趋势，其浓度水平是白天的10倍左右，这种因为污染物排放造成细颗粒物增加的特征在集中燃放时间段相当明显。即便2010年除夕午夜刮着每秒6米至8米的北风，激增的特点还是呈现出来了。
“从各方面来看，今年扩散的气象条件比较差，所以建议市民尽可能地减少燃放。”廖晓农说。
春节期间总体利于出行
到昨天为止，今冬本市已连续97天没有降水。市气象台预测：春节期间，北京地区出现有量降雪、6级以上大风及持续性严重雾霾等灾害性天气的可能性较小，天气条件总体有利于出行。
市气象台首席预报员孙继松介绍，1月30日至1月31日，本市受高空偏西气流及地面弱辐合区的影响，天气将以多云为主。2月1日夜间至2月2日上午，平原地区有可能出现能见度1至3公里的雾或霾，空气污染物不利于扩散，气温明显偏高。随后，本市受较强冷空气影响，从2月2日午后至夜间会有5级左右偏北风，并逐渐转受高空偏北气流控制，冷空气扩散南下，天气以晴到多云为主，气温持续下降，平均气温逐渐调整为正常或略偏低状态。2月5日至2月6日，大部分地区白天最高气温将降至0℃左右，夜间平原地区最低气温降至-8℃左右，山区最低气温可降至-13℃左右。
预计春节期间，北京城区平均气温为0℃左右，较常年同期偏高，极端最低气温在-8℃左右；平原地区平均气温为-1℃至-2℃，较常年同期偏高；山区平均气温为-4℃左右，较常年同期偏高。针对暖冬这一说法，孙继松表示，今冬还算不上最暖，北京曾有过春节达到20℃的纪录。
春节提示
①由于长时间无降水，北京地区空气干燥，加之2月2日可能出现4级以上偏北风，烟花爆竹的燃放将进一步造成火险等级上升，需要特别关注城市火险和森林火险。
②由于前期气温持续偏高，河湖冰层厚度较薄，硬度下降，游客和市民注意冰上活动安全。
③2月4日至2月6日气温下降明显，提醒外出注意保暖，燃煤用户注意防止煤气中毒。
(原标题：除夕初一雾霾或来添乱)
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