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The author:(作者)归海一刀published in(发表于) 2014/2/3 8:06:25 Chinese new year without Fireworks didn’t sound like the London Big Ben
Legal evening news (reporter Yang Zheng) sound of firecrackers celebrated, however, this new year's day, quiet, than in previous years. Such a significant change, not just Chinese, even the "foreigner" smelling.
The legal evening news reporter found that in recent days, foreign media interested in Fireworks set off big, they are curious to rapidly shift in China's traditional Spring Festival, but also observed the Chinese to abandon the gun on tangle. United States experience in the Los Angeles Times seems to be the best Chinese English-language media, which consist of tangled roots: significance of the fireworks and firecrackers on Chinese new year, as Christmas trees in Christmas in the West.
However, even reluctantly part or this year's quiet, foreign media were seen from the Manager to the common people of China's efforts to reduce air pollution.
Change · low-key new year
Haze PK firecracker traditional quiet a lot
Reporter simple search keywords "China firecracker pollution", there are more than 1200 English Google News alone over the media more than 7,700 more search results, most of which are in China in order to control pollution and reduce the discharge of fireworks and firecrackers.
Reuters coverage of new year's Eve chatting about folk say, the Chinese lunar new year is usually marked by overwhelming discharge of fireworks, it is believed that it can bring good luck and scare evil spirits. However, the Chinese used a low-key celebration, welcome the arrival of the year of the horse. People listened to the Government due to air quality concerns, and decrease the amount of fireworks set off appeals sent. Reported as fog and haze covered the Northern, Central and Eastern parts of the sky, some people decide to reduce the amount of fireworks display.
The German news agency DPA today said, almost every year in the past, there have been Chinese cities in the sound of firecrackers, "war zone". But as the Beijing Municipal Government limits the Fireworks sales, and advised people to reduce discharge, to help ease recent severe haze, in 2014 the "noise" levels low.
United States national public radio noted that used firecrackers and Fireworks to celebrate new year in China, some of the city's celebration is much quieter than in previous years. After suffered from severe air pollution in the eastern part of China, many Chinese abandoned this traditional activity in order to protect the environment as well as your lungs.
The radio reports from Shanghai said in December last year, suffered unprecedented serious haze weather in Shanghai, and this changes the local tradition of firecracker. As many as 85% people will not buy fireworks during the Spring Festival period. For these people, before haze's terrible memories are still fresh in our memory.
Observation · concentric
Public health-oriented
With the Government treating haze hit it off
"In the past China has limits the Fireworks, but more out of fire safety requirements. "" Asian stories "the article pointed out that the Government departments are beginning to actively respond to the fact that Beijing's air pollution is serious, while the official's call received a positive response from the public.
United Kingdom Financial Times article writes that as more and more Chinese people can more easily receive information on air pollution, it also attached more importance to the quality of the air to breathe. Because of this, Government less Fireworks this year called for self-discipline and clicked with the public.
Officially, the Wall Street Journal listed a number of initiatives, saying air pollution as the country's increasing concern over the past few months China has increased control over the discharge of fireworks and firecrackers. Some cities canceled fireworks in China, heavily polluted days Fireworks.
Reports even describing the poster's teddy bear wearing gas masks, carried the image of a string of firecrackers to encourage people to consider the environmental cost of holiday Fireworks. Austria the standard newspaper claimed that Chinese people always hype firecrackers in the Spring Festival. But in the year of the horse, agencies are no longer set off firecrackers in the capital, party members must lead by example.
Latin America and the Detroit free press said in 2014, more polluted areas, prohibit or restrict the discharge of fireworks and firecrackers to prevent rising concentrations of pollutants in the air. Reported that in China, people set off fireworks and traditionally lasts two weeks. And in 2014, Beijing approved establishment of 1178 Fireworks retail outlets, 2013 compared with more than 150 more.
"Much less Fireworks this year than in previous years", apart from foreign media have reported, it is "good news" United States broadcasters are said after the annual new year's Eve firework, in China's major cities will be covered in a layer of clouds. This year such as change in some areas prohibit or restrict discharge.
Tangled · reluctantly part
No Fireworks didn't sound like the London Big Ben
Change is prominent, but there are also a lot of media to see how Chinese people hold fast to tradition and the protection of the environment are intertwined.
The international economic times noted that while the Government tried to persuade the public to put less or no Fireworks, but at midnight on new year's Eve, real-time air pollution index level soared. Articles are understood, Fireworks, after all, is one of the core elements of the Chinese people celebrate the lunar new year. United States national public radio also pointed out that, in the view of some, Fireworks was invented in China, Spring Festival is part of the culture. Reports quoted a young gun-sale vendors, said, the Chinese new year tradition of setting off firecrackers, not within a year or two will be able to give up. But even the vendors also have to admit that, as more and more people are no longer buying Fireworks, his business and will not be so easy to make.
"The significance of the fireworks and firecrackers on Chinese new year, as Christmas trees in Christmas in the West. "The Los Angeles Times summarized Chinese tangled roots, but the newspaper also dug out an alarming figures: two years ago, new year's Eve, Beijing PM2.5 concentration reached 1486, is the United States safety standard of 40 times.
In the view of the Kansas City Star newspaper, without the sound of firecrackers in Beijing, just like New York Times Square ball, or London without big Ben chime. Fireworks new year's Eve Fireworks, is a traditional Chinese and Chinese inventions.
For some alternative products, doesn't think much of the Los Angeles Times, some of the so-called electronic Fireworks, it can never replace the real Fireworks. Said one gun-sale vendors, it's meaningless, like video. Singapore Lianhe zaobao also found that sales of new environment-friendly fireworks for the first time in Beijing, about four times more expensive than firecrackers times the price, obviously, "best game no one played".
Tangle is not just ordinary people. The Latin post pointed out that, on this issue, the Government is caught in the dilemma of. The one hand, the Government wishes to respect tradition, allows people to live a happy and peaceful Spring Festival, on the other hand, the Government also needs to balance the interests of public safety.
In addition, on new year's Eve Fireworks does less, but I'm afraid this is not the fundamental way to solve the air pollution problem in China. WSJ said sceptically, fireworks would no doubt result in increased air pollution. However, despite the haze was caused by Fireworks, but it is unlikely to be the long-term causes of bad air quality in China, particularly compared with coal-fired power plants and vehicle exhaust, both of total PM2.5 emissions in Beijing near 40%.
Fireworks "banned"
Viet Nam
Banned 20 release of cold new year Fireworks
Viet Nam had the traditional Lunar Chinese new year also banned Fireworks. In 1994, fully banned fireworks in Beijing after a year, Viet Nam Administration for security reasons, banning the production and discharge of all the firecrackers across the country and replace it with Fireworks. This provision has been going on for 20 years. The Spring Festival this year, Viet Nam Government finally to "ban" opened a hole – allows the discharge of cold Fireworks.
"Viet Nam net" reported that Chinese new year firecrackers again, many Viet Nam people excited, as a step to restore the traditional.
But against the discharge considered cold Fireworks equally fires. Folk, experts pointed out that, after a 20-year ban, and Viet Nam are already getting used to no firecrackers in the Spring Festival, restoration of discharge does not make sense. From Viet Nam on the traditional concept of say, cold but not enough to produce the Fireworks effect similar to Jubilee, fall short of looking forward to the coming year good weather message.
Singapore banned in 34 new rules forbid private
Singapore retains the fireworks display to welcome the new year of the Chinese tradition, but Singapore does not allow private purchase and setting off firecrackers. On new year's day, the national specific time, government agencies and private organizations can be coordinated and organized fireworks display event.
Government's responsibility to say, society if applying for discharge activities organized, while also assuming safety, sanitation, and other responsibilities and obligations. Societies need to submit their applications to the police, description display of time, place, and so on.
In fact, Singapore is one of the earlier States banned firecrackers. Prior to 1970, in Singapore setting off firecrackers is unrestricted. Festival in 1970, a local stuffed with dead and wounded because of firecrackers, events have taken place and led to a renewal of 34-year-old ban. But in the 2004 Spring Festival, Singapore began a limited restoration of discharge, and formed discharge provisions in force.
This version of the article/reporter fashao
Cartographic/Liu
(Original title: foreign media struggle "Haze" didn't smell of Chinese new year)
法制晚报讯(记者 杨铮) 鞭炮声声过大年，不过，这个春节，比往年安静了一些。这样明显的变化，不光是国人，连“老外”也即刻嗅到。
《法制晚报》记者发现，近几日来，外媒对烟花爆竹燃放减少大感兴趣，它们好奇于中国春节传统的迅速转变，但也观察到中国人选择放弃放炮的各种纠结。美国《洛杉矶时报》似乎是最能体会中国人心情的一家英文媒体，其用一句话概括纠结的根源：烟花爆竹对中国春节的意义，就如同圣诞树之于西方的圣诞节。
不过，就算是忍痛割爱也好，今年的安静，外媒更是看到了中国从管理者到老百姓为减少空气污染做出的努力。
变化·低调过年
雾霾PK放炮传统中国安静了许多
记者简单搜索了关键词“中国鞭炮污染”，仅谷歌英文新闻就有1200多家媒体的7700多个搜索结果，而其中大部分是在关注中国为了控制污染，而减少燃放烟花爆竹的现象。
路透社除夕当天的报道聊起了民俗说，中国农历新年通常以铺天盖地燃放花炮为标志，人们认为这可以带来好运，吓跑妖魔鬼怪。不过，如今中国人用低调的庆祝活动，迎接马年的到来。民众听从政府出于空气质量方面担心而发出的减少烟花爆竹燃放量的呼吁。报道称，随着雾霾遮蔽了中国北部、中部和东部局部地区的天空，一些人决定减少烟花爆竹燃放量。
德新社今日则称，以往几乎每一个新年，中国城市都会在不绝于耳的鞭炮声中“沦为战区”。但随着北京市政府对烟花爆竹的销售进行了限制，并劝告民众减少燃放，以帮助缓解北京最近的严重雾霾，2014年的“噪音”水平低了一些。
美国国家公共电台注意到，习惯用鞭炮和焰火庆祝新年到来的中国，一些城市的庆祝活动显得比往年更安静一些。在中国东部地区遭受了严重的空气污染之后，不少中国人放弃了这项传统活动，以保护环境以及自己的肺。
这家电台发自上海的报道称，去年12月，上海遭遇了史无前例的严重雾霾天气，而这改变了当地人对鞭炮的传统观念。多达85%的市民表示，不会在春节期间购买烟花爆竹。对于这些市民来说，之前雾霾的可怕记忆仍然历历在目。
观察·官民同心
民众注重健康
与政府治霾一拍即合
“以前中国也曾对烟花爆竹进行过限制，但更多是出于安全防火的需要。”“亚洲报道”文章指出，这次，政府部门则开始积极应对北京空气污染严重的事实，而官方的号召得到了民众的积极响应。
英国《金融时报》文章写道，随着越来越多的中国人可以更便捷地接收到空气污染的信息，人们对自己呼吸的空气的质量也愈发重视。正因为如此，今年政府少放烟花的呼吁与民众自我约束一拍即合。
对于官方，《华尔街日报》罗列一系列举措，称随着针对全国范围内空气污染的担忧不断加重，过去数月中国加大了对燃放烟花爆竹的控制力度。中国一些城市取消烟花表演，严重污染的日子禁止燃放烟花爆竹。
报道甚至描写宣传海报上的泰迪熊戴着防毒面具、举着一串串鞭炮的形象，促使市民考虑节假日燃放烟花爆竹的环境成本。奥地利《标准报》则称，中国人在春节总是开足马力放鞭炮。但是马年里，首都各机构先不再放鞭炮，党员则必须以身作则。
拉美社和《底特律自由新闻》则称，2014年有多个污染严重的地区禁止或限制燃放烟花爆竹，防止空气中污染物浓度上升。报道指出，在中国，民众燃放烟花爆竹的时间传统上持续两周。而2014年，北京批准设立1178个烟花爆竹零售网点，比2013年减少了150多个。
“今年的烟花爆竹比往年要少得多”，外媒相继报道之余，更是传“捷报”，美国广播公司就称，每年除夕夜的烟花绽放之后，中国各大城市都会被一层云雾笼罩起来。而今年这种情况随着一些地区禁止或者限制燃放而有所改变。
纠结·忍痛割爱
没有爆竹声声如同伦敦没了大本钟
变化虽显眼，但也有不少媒体看出中国人在坚守传统与保护环境之间的纠结。
《国际经济时报》注意到，尽管政府劝说市民少放或者不放烟花爆竹，但在除夕午夜，实时空气污染指数仍有大幅攀升。文章对此十分理解，毕竟燃放烟花爆竹是中国人欢度春节的核心内容之一。美国国家公共电台也指出，在一些人看来，烟花爆竹正是中国发明的，是春节文化的一部分。报道援引一位年轻售炮摊主的话称，过年放鞭炮的传统，不是一两年之内就能放弃的。但即便是这位摊主也不得不承认，随着越来越多的人不再购买烟花爆竹，他的生意以后也不会太好做。
“烟花爆竹对中国春节的意义，就如同圣诞树之于西方的圣诞节。”《洛杉矶时报》如此总结中国人纠结的根源，但该报同时也翻出了一个吓人的数字：两年前的除夕夜，北京的PM2.5浓度值一度达到1486，是美国安全标准的40倍。
在《堪萨斯城市星报》看来，没有了爆竹声声的北京，就如同纽约没有了时代广场的彩球，或者伦敦没了大本钟的报时。除夕夜燃放的烟花爆竹，既是中国的传统，也是中国的发明。
对一些替代产品，《洛杉矶时报》并不看好，一些所谓的电子烟花，永远无法替代真正的烟花爆竹。一位售炮摊主表示，这玩意儿毫无意义，就像放录像一样。新加坡《联合早报》也发现，北京首次销售的新型环保烟花爆竹，价格比一般爆竹贵约四倍，显然“叫好不叫座”。
其实纠结的不光是普通百姓。《拉丁邮报》指出，在这个问题上，政府也深陷两难的境地。一方面，政府希望尊重传统、让人们过个欢乐祥和的春节，另一方面，政府也需要平衡公共安全利益。
此外，除夕的鞭炮确实少了，但是恐怕这并不是解决中国空气污染问题的根本办法。《华尔街日报》怀疑地说，燃放烟花爆竹无疑会造成空气污染加重。然而，尽管烟花爆竹造成了雾霾，但却不太可能是中国空气质量糟糕的长期原因，尤其是与燃煤发电厂和汽车尾气相比，这二者合计占北京PM2.5排放量的近40%。
烟花“禁与放”
越南
禁放20年今年放行冷烟花
越南过农历春节也有禁放烟花爆竹的传统。1994年，在北京全面禁放烟花爆竹后一年，越南政府出于安全考虑，在全国范围内禁止生产和燃放所有鞭炮，代之以焰火。这一规定一直持续了20年。今年春节，越南政府终于给“禁放令”开了一个口子——允许燃放冷烟花。
“越南网”报道称，过年又能放鞭炮了，令不少越南民众兴奋不已，视之为恢复传统的一步。
但反对燃放者认为，冷烟花同样有火灾隐患。民俗专家则指出，经过20年的禁放，越南人已经逐渐习惯了没有鞭炮的春节，恢复燃放意义不大。而从越南的传统观念上说，冷烟花又不足以产生与春雷类似的效果，达不到企盼来年风调雨顺的寓意。
新加坡禁放34年 新规不准私人放
新加坡华人保留着燃放烟花迎新年的传统，不过，新加坡不允许私人购买和燃放鞭炮。在新年、国庆等特定时间，政府机构或社会团体可以出面协调，统一组织烟花爆竹的燃放活动。
政府的责任自不待言，而社团如果申请筹办燃放活动，同时还要承担起安全保障、清洁卫生等各方面的责任和义务。社团需要向警方递交申请，说明燃放的时间、地点、内容等。
实际上，新加坡是全球较早禁放鞭炮的国家之一。1970年以前，在新加坡燃放鞭炮是不受限制的。1970年元宵节，当地发生了因燃放鞭炮而酿死伤的事件，并导致了延续长达34年之久的禁放令。不过到了2004年春节，新加坡开始有限恢复燃放，并形成了现行的燃放规定。
本版文/记者 杨铮
制图/刘江
(原标题：外媒纠结 “霾”没中国年味)
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