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The author:(作者)归海一刀published in(发表于) 2014/2/11 10:01:09 China 2020 annual eat 29 kg per capita， fruit 60 kg
Regulation on food and nutrition in China Development program (2014-2020) announcement
State Office (2014)
Provincial, autonomous regional and municipal people's Governments, ministries, organizations directly under the State Council:
Platform for the development of food and nutrition in China (2014-2020), which has been agreed by the State Council, is issued to you, please carefully implemented.
Notice of the
On January 28, 2014
(Public release)
Food and nutrition programme for the development of China (2014-2020)
In recent years, China's comprehensive agricultural productivity steadily increased, food and basic balance between supply and demand, generally stable food security situation to improve, significant improvement in the nutrition and health status of the population, food and nutrition development is working. However, China's food production can not meet the nutritional needs, and coexistence of nutritional deficiency and excess of the population, lack of knowledge of nutrition and health, must attach great importance. To ensure food supply, optimize food structure, strengthen nutrition improvement, specially formulated the outline.
First, General requirements
(A) guiding principle.
To Deng Xiao-ping's theory, and "three a representative" important thought, and science development view for guide, conform to the all people had Shang better life of new looks forward to, to protection food effective supply, and promoting nutrition balanced development, and and manpower coordination production and consumption as main task, to focus products, and focus area, and focus crowd as breakthrough, focus on promoting food and nutrition development way changes, focus on create austerity, and against waste of good social fashion, focus on upgrade people health level, for full built well-off social provides important support.
(B) the basic principles.
Stick both in quantity and quality. Implementation of the initiative, based on internally, ensuring capacity, moderate imports, scientific and technological support of the national food security strategy. Emphasis on quantity at the same time, pay more attention to quality and safety, and strengthen the development and promotion of special quality of new varieties, raise the proportion of high quality food, achievement of quantity and structure of food production, quality and benefits of unity.
Adhere to the coordinated development of production and consumption. Give full play to the role of the market mechanism, to modern nutrition concepts to guide food and reasonable consumption, gradually building to nutritional needs-oriented system of the modern food industry, promote coordinated development of production, consumption, nutrition and health.
Adhere to the inheritance and innovation of the organic unity. Heritage mainly in plant foods, animal food, supplemented by an excellent dietary traditions, protection of meals of regional features, innovation and prosperity in Chinese food culture, reasonably learnt the benefits of dietary patterns in foreign countries, comprehensively enhance the diet nutrition level of scientific and technological support.
Adhere to the effective combination of guidance and intervention. Universal public nutrition knowledge, guiding scientific and rational diet, prevention and control of nutritional diseases; for different regions, different groups of food and nutritional needs, and a differentiated interventions, improve the structure of food and nutrition.
(C) development goals.
Food production targets. Ensuring basic subsistence, rations of cereals met safety standards, to promote food quality, optimizing the structure, and steadily strengthened food supply capacity. By 2020, China's grain output stable at over 550 million tons, oil, meat, eggs, milk, fish, and other production and stable development.
Food industry development goals. Speeding up the construction of obvious characteristics of the industry, cluster advantages, structure, reasonable layout system of modern food processing industry, formed a good brand reputation and high product quality, strong core competitiveness of large and medium sized food processing and distribution businesses. By 2020, the traditional food processing substantially increasing, levels of food processing technology has improved significantly, the national food industry value added annual growth rate remained at 10% per cent.
Food consumption targets. Consumption patterns in health to promote dietary diversification, control the consumption of edible oil and salt. By 2020, the national per capita annual consumption of rations, 135 kilograms of edible vegetable oil, beans 13 kg 12 kg, 29 kg of meat, milk, eggs 16 kg to 36 kg and 18 kg of aquatic products, vegetables, 140 kilograms, 60 kilograms of fruit.
Nutrient intake goals. Ensure sufficient energy and protein intake, control of fat intake, maintaining an adequate supply of vitamin and mineral intake. By 2020, the national 2200-2300 kcal per capita daily energy intake, where the cereal for more than a minimum of 50%, fat energy ratio not higher than 30%; 78 grams daily per capita protein intake, including high quality protein accounted for more than 45%; basic micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals intake meet the health needs of the population.
Nutritional targets for disease control. Basic elimination of malnutrition, controlling the growth of nutritional diseases. By 2020, the national growth rate of children under the age of 5 in 7% following; anaemia rate control in 10% following the crowd, among them, the rate of maternal anaemia control in 17%, anaemia rate below 15% of the elderly, anaemia rate below 12% children under the age of 5; resident rates of overweight and obesity and hyperlipidemia is growing significantly declined.
Second, the main tasks
(A) building a strong supply stable, efficient operation, monitoring the quantity of food security system. Stable arable land, speed up the construction of high standard farmland, actively adjust the agricultural structure, increasing food and other important agricultural comprehensive production ability. Vigorously develop animal husbandry, raise the proportion of beef, mutton, poultry meat supply. To develop marine economy, protect the supply of aquatic products. Wide provision of food resources, tailored development of coarse grains, Woody grain and oil production. Devoting major efforts to developing storage and fresh-keeping processing of agricultural products. Promoting networking and other information technology applications, strengthening market network and distribution service system construction, and speed up the formation of health and safety, reasonable layout of modern market circulation system in food. Intelligent analysis and strengthening of agricultural product quantity safety monitoring and early warning, sound central, local and enterprise levels edible agricultural products purchasing system, enhancing macro-control capacity. More active use of international markets for agricultural products and agricultural resources, effective regulation and supplement domestic food supply.
(B) the construction standards for sound, comprehensive system, monitoring food quality assurance system in place. Covers the entire process of establishing the most stringent food safety supervision system, perfect for various types of food standards, implementation of territorial management and production and management of local government responsibilities, standardize food production, processing and marketing. Accelerating the construction of standardized base of raw materials, focused on creating a number of standard of horticultural crops, livestock standardization model farm, Aqua health aquaculture demonstration farm and agricultural standardization demonstration County of standardization. Complete input management system, strengthening supervision of the quality and safety of agricultural products, promoting the establishment of demonstration County agricultural products quality safety supervision activities. Boosting food production, processing and circulation of enterprise credit system construction, intensify the dishonest corporate penalties, enhance the sense of honesty. Strengthen information sharing and the construction of public administration system of food security, improve rapid response mechanism, strengthen emergency, intensification of supervision by public opinion and guidance.
(C) the construction of regular monitoring, classification Guide, guide the consumer nutrition system. Establish and improve the residents ' food and nutrition surveillance system, strengthen surveillance and information analysis. Focus on key population areas, nutrition interventions, attention is paid to addressing micronutrient deficiencies, and part of the population in oil issues such as eating too much. Various forms of nutrition education, led residents to form scientific dietary habits, and promoting healthy eating culture.
Third, the development focus
(A) the key products.
1. the quality of edible farm products. Full implementation of edible agricultural products standardization manufacture to enhance "rice bags" and "vegetable basket" product quality. Devoting major efforts to developing non-pollution agricultural products and green food production, management, and adapted to local conditions to develop organic food, do a good job of geographical indications of agricultural products. Actively cultivate the regional agricultural brand, strict protection of the environment.
2. convenient nutrition processed foods. Speeding up the development of the nutritional science and food safety standards of convenience food, nutritious breakfast, new types of processed foods, such as snack foods, prepared food, constantly increasing the supply of food products category. Enhancing nutritional guidance to the staple food processing products, strengthen nutrition breakfast and snack food production, distribution and sales system, advancing the industrialization of staple foods, the scale of development. Development of fortified foods and health foods, promoting improved nutrition. Accelerating the industrialization of traditional food production transformation, promoting the comprehensive exploitation and utilization of agricultural products.
3. dairy and soy products. Support the construction of milk source base, strengthening dairy market regulation, foster dairy consuming markets, all sectors of the dairy industry in strengthening cohesion, promoting the construction of modern dairy industry. Give full play to China's traditional soybean resources, strengthen the study of soybean germplasm resources and cultivation of new varieties, enabling development of soybean industry in China, strengthen the deep processing of soybean production and scientific research, the implementation of technological transformation of traditional soybean products, development of new soybean foods to promote large-scale production of soy.
(B) focus area.
1. poor areas. Combination of individual support and development, improve food consumption level of residents in poor areas. Innovative forms of nutritional improvements, rational development and utilization of local food resources. Mobilizing community participation in poverty alleviation and development, nutrition interventions, attainment of basic food and nutrition for the poor security and gradual improvement.
2. in rural areas. Speeding up rural economic and social development and increase farmers ' income. Strengthening the flow of Commerce and infrastructure construction in rural areas, modern circulation industry in an urban area extending to the vast rural areas, promote the "thousands of villages and townships" market works to expand the rural food markets to facilitate rural residents to buy food.
3. the concentration of floating population and urbanization in new areas. Improving the dietary conditions of migrant workers, strengthening of eating out and the new towns of regional dietary guidance, advocate a civilized lifestyle and eating patterns, high energy, high fat, high salt diet, reduce nutritional morbidity.
(C) the focus groups.
1. maternal and infantile. Good maternal nutrition provision focused on improving dietary calcium, iron and zinc in pregnant women in low-income population and inadequate vitamin a intake, high income groups of pregnant women to diet in the prevention of unreasonable as a result of nutritional diseases such as obesity, macrosomia. Promoting breastfeeding, emphasis on rural areas aged 6 months to 24 months of age, the complementary feeding and nutrition of infants and young children, and strengthening supervision of the quality of Breastmilk and infant food.
2. children and adolescents. Reduce growth retardation in children and adolescents in rural areas, the incidence of iron-deficiency anaemia, to rural left-behind children nutrition security service. Curbing urban growth in overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Integrating food and nutrition knowledge in primary and secondary school curricula, strengthening nutrition education for teachers, parents, and guidance to the students student nutrition and canteen catering unit, leading students to develop scientific dietary habits. Intensive nutritional intervention, increase the supply of eggs, milk, ensure food and nutritional needs.
3. older persons. Research and development of food products for health needs of older persons, focusing on development of fortified and low-salt, low-fat foods. Elderly nutrition and dietary guidance, scientific guidance of elderly nutrition, diet, and raise the level of quality of life and health of the elderly.
IV policy measures
(A) universal access to nutrition and health. Of enhancing residents ' food and nutrition guidance, improve national nutrition awareness, promote a healthy lifestyle, establish a scientific diet concept. Studying the establishment of a public "nutrition". Food and nutrition knowledge in villages (communities) household activity, better nutrition and health education. Release characteristics suitable for different groups of the dietary guidelines, regularly in shopping malls, supermarkets, railway stations, airports and other flow concentration distribution. Play a major media propagating public welfare food and nutrition for the main role, enhanced nutrition knowledge dissemination of scientific. Increased investment in food and nutrition development, strengthening circulation, catering services and other infrastructure.
(B) the strengthening of food production and supply. The full implementation of the "rice bag" and provincial Governor in charge of "vegetable basket" mayors responsibility, strengthen food safety responsibilities of the local people's Governments. Increased support for farm production, protect farmers ' production enthusiasm. Increased support to food processing, circulation and encourages development of major grain-producing areas of the food processing industry, supporting large food processing and distribution center construction, development of joint distribution, uniform distribution. Strengthening the agricultural eco-environmental protection, effective in the treatment of non-point source pollution. Support abroad, especially with neighboring countries in agricultural production and import and export of mutual benefit and win-win cooperation.
(C) increase the nutritional monitoring and intervention. National nutrition and basic health monitoring, food consumption surveys, periodically releases report on China's food consumption and nutrition and health status of the population, guided residents to improve the food and nutritional situation. Increase the financial input, primary and secondary schools and kindergartens to improve Western region dining environment.
(Iv) advance legal management of food and nutrition. On an urgent basis-related laws and regulations of the food and nutrition research, nutrition improvement Ordinance of the legislative work carried out at the right time. Food and nutrition problems, standardizing food production and business activities, carry out special rectification, and create a safe, honest, and fair market environment. Innovative food and nutritional supervision, improving administrative supervision performance. Carrying forward the traditional virtues of diligence and thrift, and forming savings, waste of good social customs.
(E) accelerate technological innovation in food and nutrition. For critical needs in the areas of food, nutrition and health, guide enterprises to increase investment in food and nutrition science and technology, strengthen research on food and nutrition in key areas and crucial links. Strengthen the development of new food sources and food safety risk analysis technology research in technological innovation to improve food safety. Strengthened food safety monitoring and early-warning technology, promoting the construction of food safety information monitoring and early-warning systems. An in-depth study on the relationship between food, nutrition and health, timely modification of dietary nutrients intake reference standard.
(F) strengthen organizational leadership and advisory guidance. Led by the ministries of agriculture, health and family planning, national development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of education, Ministry of science and technology, Ministry of industry and information technology, Ministry of finance, Ministry of Commerce, General Administration of the food and drug administration, FDA and other departments to participate in, the establishment of inter-ministerial coordination mechanisms, implementation of the platform for doing what they are supposed. Continues to play a national food and nutrition Consultative Committee rules of procedure of the advisory role, to provide advice to the Government in a timely manner. Platform for provincial people's Government, according to the established goals, tasks and priorities, combined with the local zone, making local food and nutrition development implementation plan.
(Original title: regulation on the Chinese food and nutrition)
国务院办公厅关于印发中国食物与营养发展纲要(2014—2020年)的通知
国办发〔2014〕3号
各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构：
《中国食物与营养发展纲要(2014—2020年)》已经国务院同意，现印发给你们，请认真贯彻执行。
国务院办公厅
2014年1月28日
(此件公开发布)
中国食物与营养发展纲要(2014—2020年)
近年来，我国农产品综合生产能力稳步提高，食物供需基本平衡，食品安全状况总体稳定向好，居民营养健康状况明显改善，食物与营养发展成效显著。但是，我国食物生产还不能适应营养需求，居民营养不足与过剩并存，营养与健康知识缺乏，必须引起高度重视。为保障食物有效供给，优化食物结构，强化居民营养改善，特制定本纲要。
一、总体要求
(一)指导思想。
以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，顺应各族人民过上更好生活的新期待，把保障食物有效供给、促进营养均衡发展、统筹协调生产与消费作为主要任务，把重点产品、重点区域、重点人群作为突破口，着力推动食物与营养发展方式转变，着力营造厉行节约、反对浪费的良好社会风尚，着力提升人民健康水平，为全面建成小康社会提供重要支撑。
(二)基本原则。
坚持食物数量与质量并重。实施以我为主、立足国内、确保产能、适度进口、科技支撑的国家粮食安全战略。在重视食物数量的同时，更加注重品质和质量安全，加强优质专用新品种的研发与推广，提高优质食物比重，实现食物生产数量与结构、质量与效益相统一。
坚持生产与消费协调发展。充分发挥市场机制的作用，以现代营养理念引导食物合理消费，逐步形成以营养需求为导向的现代食物产业体系，促进生产、消费、营养、健康协调发展。
坚持传承与创新有机统一。传承以植物性食物为主、动物性食物为辅的优良膳食传统，保护具有地域特色的膳食方式，创新繁荣中华饮食文化，合理汲取国外膳食结构的优点，全面提升膳食营养科技支撑水平。
坚持引导与干预有效结合。普及公众营养知识，引导科学合理膳食，预防和控制营养性疾病；针对不同区域、不同人群的食物与营养需求，采取差别化的干预措施，改善食物与营养结构。
(三)发展目标。
食物生产量目标。确保谷物基本自给、口粮绝对安全，全面提升食物质量，优化品种结构，稳步增强食物供给能力。到2020年，全国粮食产量稳定在5.5亿吨以上，油料、肉类、蛋类、奶类、水产品等生产稳定发展。
食品工业发展目标。加快建设产业特色明显、集群优势突出、结构布局合理的现代食品加工产业体系，形成一批品牌信誉好、产品质量高、核心竞争力强的大中型食品加工及配送企业。到2020年，传统食品加工程度大幅提高，食品加工技术水平明显提升，全国食品工业增加值年均增长速度保持在10%以上。
食物消费量目标。推广膳食结构多样化的健康消费模式，控制食用油和盐的消费量。到2020年，全国人均全年口粮消费135公斤、食用植物油12公斤、豆类13公斤、肉类29公斤、蛋类16公斤、奶类36公斤、水产品18公斤、蔬菜140公斤、水果60公斤。
营养素摄入量目标。保障充足的能量和蛋白质摄入量，控制脂肪摄入量，保持适量的维生素和矿物质摄入量。到2020年，全国人均每日摄入能量2200—2300千卡，其中，谷类食物供能比不低于50%，脂肪供能比不高于30%；人均每日蛋白质摄入量78克，其中，优质蛋白质比例占45%以上；维生素和矿物质等微量营养素摄入量基本达到居民健康需求。
营养性疾病控制目标。基本消除营养不良现象，控制营养性疾病增长。到2020年，全国5岁以下儿童生长迟缓率控制在7%以下；全人群贫血率控制在10%以下，其中，孕产妇贫血率控制在17%以下，老年人贫血率控制在15%以下，5岁以下儿童贫血率控制在12%以下；居民超重、肥胖和血脂异常率的增长速度明显下降。
二、主要任务
(一)构建供给稳定、运转高效、监控有力的食物数量保障体系。稳定耕地面积，加快高标准农田建设，积极调整农业结构，提高粮食等重要农产品综合生产能力。大力发展畜牧业，提高牛肉、羊肉、禽肉供给比重。大力发展海洋经济，保障水产品供应。广辟食物资源，因地制宜发展杂粮、木本粮油等生产。大力发展农产品储藏、保鲜等产地初加工。积极推进物联网等信息技术应用，加强市场网络和配送服务体系建设，加快形成安全卫生、布局合理的现代食物市场流通体系。加强农产品数量安全智能分析与监测预警，健全中央、地方和企业三级食用农产品收储体系，增强宏观调控能力。更加积极地利用国际农产品市场和农业资源，有效调剂和补充国内食物供给。
(二)构建标准健全、体系完备、监管到位的食物质量保障体系。建立最严格的覆盖全过程的食物安全监管制度，健全各类食物标准，落实地方政府属地管理和生产经营主体责任，规范食物生产、加工和销售行为。加快推进原料标准化基地建设，集中创建一批园艺作物标准园、畜禽养殖标准化示范场、水产标准化健康养殖示范场和农业标准化示范县。完善投入品管理制度，加强农产品质量安全监管，推进农产品质量安全监管示范县创建活动。推进食物生产、加工和流通企业诚信制度建设，加大对失信企业惩处力度，增强企业诚信经营意识。加强食物安全信息共享与公共管理体系建设，健全快速反应机制，加强应急处置，强化舆论监督和引导。
(三)构建定期监测、分类指导、引导消费的居民营养改善体系。建立健全居民食物与营养监测管理制度，加强监测和信息分析。对重点区域、重点人群实施营养干预，重视解决微量营养素缺乏、部分人群油脂摄入过多等问题。开展多种形式的营养教育，引导居民形成科学的膳食习惯，推进健康饮食文化建设。
三、发展重点
(一)重点产品。
1.优质食用农产品。全面推行食用农产品标准化生产，提升“米袋子”和“菜篮子”产品质量。大力发展无公害农产品和绿色食品生产、经营，因地制宜发展有机食品，做好农产品地理标志工作。积极培育具有地域特色的农产品品牌，严格保护产地环境。
2.方便营养加工食品。加快发展符合营养科学要求和食品安全标准的方便食品、营养早餐、快餐食品、调理食品等新型加工食品，不断增加膳食制品供应种类。强化对主食类加工产品的营养科学指导，加强营养早餐及快餐食品集中生产、配送、销售体系建设，推进主食工业化、规模化发展。发展营养强化食品和保健食品，促进居民营养改善。加快传统食品生产的工业化改造，推进农产品综合开发与利用。
3.奶类与大豆食品。扶持奶源基地建设，强化奶业市场监管，培育乳品消费市场，加强奶业各环节衔接，推进现代奶业建设。充分发挥我国传统大豆资源优势，加强大豆种质资源研究和新品种培育，扶持国内大豆产业发展，强化大豆生产与精深加工的科学研究，实施传统大豆制品的工艺改造，开发新型大豆食品，推进大豆制品规模化生产。
(二)重点区域。
1.贫困地区。采取扶持与开发相结合的方式，提高贫困地区居民的食物消费水平。创新营养改善方式，合理开发利用当地食物资源。动员社会各界参与扶贫开发，采取营养干预措施，实现贫困人口食物与营养的基本保障和逐步改善。
2.农村地区。加快农村经济社会发展，增加农民收入。加强农村商贸与流通基础设施建设，将城镇现代流通业向广大农村地区延伸，推进“万村千乡”市场工程，开拓农村食物市场，方便农村居民购买食物。
3.流动人群集中及新型城镇化地区。改善外来务工人员的饮食条件，加强对在外就餐人员及新型城镇化地区居民膳食指导，倡导文明生活方式和合理膳食模式，控制高能量、高脂肪、高盐饮食，降低营养性疾病发病率。
(三)重点人群。
1.孕产妇与婴幼儿。做好孕产妇营养均衡调配，重点改善低收入人群孕妇膳食中钙、铁、锌和维生素A摄入不足的状况，预防中高收入人群孕妇因膳食不合理而导致的肥胖、巨大儿等营养性疾病。大力倡导母乳喂养，重视农村地区6个月龄至24个月龄婴幼儿的辅食喂养与营养补充，加强母乳代用品和婴幼儿食品质量监管。
2.儿童青少年。着力降低农村儿童青少年生长迟缓、缺铁性贫血的发生率，做好农村留守儿童营养保障工作。遏制城镇儿童青少年超重、肥胖增长态势。将食物与营养知识纳入中小学课程，加强对教师、家长的营养教育和对学生食堂及学生营养配餐单位的指导，引导学生养成科学的饮食习惯。强化营养干预，加大蛋奶供应，保障食物与营养需求。
3.老年人。研究开发适合老年人身体健康需要的食物产品，重点发展营养强化食品和低盐、低脂食物。开展老年人营养监测与膳食引导，科学指导老年人补充营养、合理饮食，提高老年人生活质量和健康水平。
四、政策措施
(一)全面普及膳食营养和健康知识。加强对居民食物与营养的指导，提高全民营养意识，提倡健康生活方式，树立科学饮食理念。研究设立公众“营养日”。开展食物与营养知识进村(社区)入户活动，加强营养和健康教育。发布适宜不同人群特点的膳食指南，定期在商场、超市、车站、机场等人流集中地发放。发挥主要媒体对食物与营养知识进行公益宣传的主渠道作用，增强营养知识传播的科学性。加大对食物与营养事业发展的投入，加强流通、餐饮服务等基础设施建设。
(二)加强食物生产与供给。全面落实“米袋子”省长负责制和“菜篮子”市长负责制，强化地方人民政府的食物安全责任。加大对食用农产品生产的支持力度，保护农民发展生产的积极性。加大对食物加工、流通领域的扶持力度，鼓励主产区发展食物加工业，支持大中城市食品加工配送中心建设，发展共同配送、统一配送。加强农业生态环境保护，有效治理面源污染。支持到境外特别是与周边国家开展互利共赢的农业生产和进出口合作。
(三)加大营养监测与干预。开展全国居民营养与基本健康监测工作，进行食物消费调查，定期发布中国居民食物消费与营养健康状况报告，引导居民改善食物与营养状况。加大财政投入，改善老少边穷地区的中小学校和幼儿园就餐环境。
(四)推进食物与营养法制化管理。抓紧进行食物与营养相关法律法规的研究工作，适时开展营养改善条例的立法工作。针对食物与营养的突出问题，依法规范食物生产经营活动，开展专项治理整顿，营造安全、诚信、公平的市场环境。创新食物与营养执法监督，提高行政监管效能。弘扬勤俭节约的传统美德，形成厉行节约、反对浪费的良好社会风尚。
(五)加快食物与营养科技创新。针对食物、营养和健康领域的重大需求，引导企业加大食物与营养科技投入，加强对食物与营养重点领域和关键环节的研究。加强对新食物资源开发和食物安全风险分析技术的研究，在科技创新中提高食物安全水平。加强食物安全监测预警技术研究，促进食物安全信息监测预警系统建设。深入研究食物、营养和健康的关系，及时修订居民膳食营养素参考摄入量标准。
(六)加强组织领导和咨询指导。由农业部、卫生计生委牵头，发展改革委、教育部、科技部、工业和信息化部、财政部、商务部、食品药品监管总局、林业局等部门参加，建立部际协调机制，做好本纲要实施工作。继续发挥国家食物与营养咨询委员会的议事咨询作用，及时向政府提供决策咨询意见。省级人民政府要根据本纲要确立的目标、任务和重点，结合本地区实际，制定当地食物与营养发展实施计划。
(原标题：国务院办公厅关于印发中国食物与营养)
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