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The author:(作者)归海一刀
published in(发表于) 2014/2/11 10:01:33
Corrosion rate is greater than 50% of historical relics in China， just 5% provision is made for insurance

Corrosion rate is greater than of historical relics in China 50%

National Palace Museum collection of science and technology will be built protection bases

At present, the corrosion rate is greater than 50% Museum of historical relics in China, annual funding for cultural relics protection, however only a museum operating costs around 5%. Yesterday, the Beijing morning news reporter learned that, in order to alleviate the dire state of corrosion of heritage, collection protection base will be located in the forbidden city in China.

　　Historical relics of the country severely corrosive

According to the National Palace Museum Director Shan jixiang, introduced in recent years, the State Council conducted a national collection of cultural heritage special investigation of corrosion damage, this is the first time since the founding of new China, the State-owned cultural relics collecting units conducted a special investigation on the basis of science and technology.

Investigations lasted 3 years, 2,803 State-owned collections of cultural relics across the country involved units of the 1470yuwanjian (Group) of historical relics, survey results show that corrosion damage of cultural relics is very serious. According to the statistical analysis of the survey, at present, there are 50.66% of historical relics there are different degrees of corrosion damage. However, funding for museum collections to protect only a museum operating funds 5%.

Shan jixiang said the Museum staff at work accidentally broke a precious porcelain is the major incidents of damage of cultural relics, but a large number of precious cultural relics collections in obscurity, to damage, but has been unable to attract enough attention.

　Heritage high-tech lacks

Shan jixiang, introduction, in addition to the collection of corrosion problems, application implementation technology conservation area there are highlight problems. For example, in surveys, excavation, conservation, research, demonstration and dissemination, there is tendency to ignore the reasonable application of science and technology, some people even think that heritage is not a scientific discipline, is merely a business and technical work. Therefore, research infrastructure, operational mechanism and management system does not adapt to the structural and institutional obstacles such as, a large number of practical technical stops at the General level, and the introduction of high-tech and use is clearly inadequate.

Shan jixiang said the domestic need to take technology to protect Chinese cultural relics Collections National bases. In the forbidden city, for example, has a 180yuwanjian of this world famous Museum collection, while one million items in need of repair and preventive measures of protection.

　Protect the base will be open

Shan jixiang said the Palace under construction West of Riverside heritage integrated services and collection platform technology to protect North homes, will together constitute the collection of science and technology in China in the future to protect national bases. According to plan, the base will adhere to scientific and technological project for open society, supports and encourages institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutes at home and abroad and all can contribute to support collections of cultural relics protection in China and force, equal participation, commitment and technology protection plans and projects.

Currently, the Palace West of Riverside buildings for cultural relics protection integrated services has started construction, building capacity of 13,000 square meters, built, cultural relics protecting the working conditions of personnel of science and technology and sophisticated research equipment will effectively improve the working environment. Museum scheme of beiyuan zone, planning a 20,000 square meter collection technology to protect facilities and supporting the construction of 10,000 square metres of temporary storeroom. Large number of large amount of cultural relics collection, such as carpets, ancient Ming and Qing furniture, fighting equipment forms, Dooly, Palace lamps, life, Western clocks, collectibles such as historic buildings are protected by systems repairs here.

In addition, by building collections of cultural relics protection platform of science and technology, a group of non-material heritage project will be effectively protected, a number of intangible heritage traditions of people of special skills will be developed, a group of dying out of handicrafts will be revitalized.

Morning news reporter King difference

　　国内馆藏文物腐蚀率超50%

　　故宫将建文物藏品科技保护基地

　　目前，我国博物馆馆藏文物腐蚀率超50%，然而每年用于文物保护的经费仅占博物馆业务经费的5%左右。昨天，北京晨报记者了解到，为了缓解文物腐蚀的严峻现状，中国文物藏品科技保护基地将落户故宫。

　　全国馆藏文物腐蚀严重

　　据故宫博物院院长单霁翔介绍，近年来，国家文物局开展了全国馆藏文物腐蚀损失专项调查，这是新中国成立以来首次对国有文物收藏单位进行此类科学技术基础专项调查。

　　调查历时3年，涉及全国各地2803家国有文物收藏单位的1470余万件(组)馆藏文物，调查结果显示，文物腐蚀损失状况相当严重。根据调查统计分析，目前全国共有50.66%的馆藏文物存在不同程度的腐蚀损害。然而，目前用于博物馆藏品保护的经费却仅占博物馆业务经费的5%。

　　单霁翔表示，博物馆业务人员在工作中不慎打碎一件珍贵瓷器就是重大的文物损坏事件，但大量珍贵文物藏品在无声无息中走向损毁，却始终未能引起足够的重视。

　　文物保护高新技术欠缺

　　单霁翔介绍，除了文物藏品的腐蚀问题外，应用科学技术实施文物科技保护方面也存在突出问题。比如，在文物的调查、发掘、保护、研究、展示和传播中，存在忽视合理运用科学技术的倾向，甚至有人认为文物保护不是一门学科，而仅是一种业务技术工作。因此，存在科学研究基础设施不完善、运行机制和管理体制不适应等体制性和机制性障碍，使大量实用技术停留在一般性应用层面，而高新技术的引进和利用显然不足。

　　单霁翔表示，国内亟需能够承担中国文物藏品科技保护的国家基地。以故宫为例，这座世界著名的博物院拥有180余万件文物藏品，而其中上百万件需要修复和采取预防性保护措施。

　　保护基地将开放

　　单霁翔透露，正在建设中的故宫西河沿文物保护综合业务用房和北院区文物藏品科技保护平台，今后将共同构成中国文物藏品科技保护国家基地。按计划，该基地会坚持科技保护项目对社会开放，支持和鼓励国内外高等院校、科学研究机构等一切可以为中国文物藏品保护提供支持和有所贡献的力量，平等参与、承担科技保护计划和项目。

　　目前，故宫西河沿文物保护综合业务用房已经开工建设，建设规模为1.3万平方米，建成以后，文物科技保护人员的工作条件和精密科研仪器设备的工作环境将得到有效改善。在博物院北院区的建设方案中，规划有2万平方米的文物藏品科技保护设施，并配套建设1万平方米的临时库房。数量众多、体量较大的文物藏品，诸如明清地毯、古代家具、武备仪仗、车马轿舆、宫廷灯具、生活用具、西洋钟表、古建藏品等，都可以在这里得到系统的保护修缮。

　　此外，通过建设文物藏品科技保护平台，一批非物质遗产项目将得到有效保护，一批非物质遗产传承人的特殊技能将得到弘扬，一批濒临失传的手工技艺将得到重新振兴。

　　晨报记者 王歧丰

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