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The author:(作者)归海一刀published in(发表于) 2014/2/11 10:05:42 Shanxi， Guangdong and other attempts to limit the “boss“
People's daily reporter Sun Xuemei
According to the Central Commission for discipline inspection website message yesterday, Shanxi province, recently introduced to the principal leaders of party and Government is not directly responsible for some work several provisions (for trial implementation), principal leaders of party and Government is not directly responsible for the following: cadre and personnel work; financial work; construction; administrative examination and approval, and materials procurement. Experts say the earlier issued a restriction in the province of Shanxi "boss" over the powers of provinces, Chongqing, Guangdong, Liaoning, Anhui and Yunnan provinces and cities and counties have made a similar attempt, on the "boss" decentralization will be the trend of the operating mechanism of power.
The "boss" of corruption in party and Government organs are more common, while not specifically in charge of a specific transaction, but you can decompose the "boss", but the "boss" itself of the charge of Mages can perform a supervisory role. --Mr. Wang yukai
Power no matter who gave and possible corruption, if it is not open and transparent, both "boss" tube or "number two" tubes, are likely to corrupt, so power operating process must be open and transparent. --Zhuli
Shanxi party "boss" is not directly in charge of property
Central discipline website message said, for further strengthened and improved on party main led exercise power of restriction and supervision, sound "deputies charge, and principal regulatory, and collective led, and democratic decision-making" of power run mechanism, promotion cadres clean politics, recently, Shanxi province introduced on party main led not directly charge part work of several provides (pilot) under, investing to party main led exercise power sets Shang a "system of cage".
News that mainly refers to the Shanxi provincial party leadership of party and Government organs, the organs of the NPC and the CPPCC organs, administrative organs, judicial organs and procuratorial organs, people's organizations and leadership in charge of the institution.
Clarified in Shanxi province, and not directly in charge of the following five principal leaders of party and Government work: cadre and personnel work; financial work; construction; administrative examination and approval, and materials procurement.
The provisions called for party committees and Governments in discharging its oversight responsibilities, problems found in the implementation of solutions in a timely manner. Discipline inspection and supervision organs and personnel departments cooperate with party and Government to supervise and inspect the implementation of the provisions, commit violations of the provisions of the Act, be held responsible in accordance with the relevant provisions.
Liaoning Guangdong to explore as many "boss" permission rights
In fact, the "boss" permission right of provinces and departments have been tried, or are about to start exploring.
According to the people's daily reported, on January 19 this year, Zhang baoshun, Secretary of Anhui Provincial Committee in East China's Anhui provincial Commission for discipline inspection said four ninth plenary, Anhui will implement the "boss" is not directly in charge of human, financial, material, items and other specific transaction system and "last stand".
On January 16 this year, party and Secretary of State Oceanic Administration Lv Bin presented at National Conference for marine: party-the "boss" is not directly in charge of "human, financial, and material".
In June 2013, the Yunnan Province issued regulations on open and transparent running of power, which clearly, leaders do not direct the tube, such as personnel, finance, procurement and tendering systems, major project decisions, important appointment, important and large amount of funds research projects must last at position.
In 2012, Chongqing districts also "boss" powers to split up to try.
Try the system in Jilin province to promote, human, financial, material, project bidding 4 powers, stating that "boss" is not directly in charge of the administrative examination and approval, request will focus on the "boss" powers down to team members of the joint exercise.
In 2010, the issued raised in Guangdong Province, party and the principal does not work directly in charge of personnel, financial and other important sectors.
In 2010, the Liaoning Provincial Commission for discipline inspection, the Organization Department of the provincial party Committee issued principal leaders of party and Government is not directly responsible for personnel, finance, procurement, and provisional regulations on the project, asked by one deputy leaders respectively in charge of several of the above work.
Interim provisions on requirements, party and Government leaders must take the lead in implementing system combining collective leadership with individual responsibility, and consciously safeguard the collective leadership, other members play a leadership role, where the "triple a", according to "collective leadership, democratic centralism, individual brewing, decided to" principle, decided by the party and Government leaders brainstorm.
Zhejiang panan since 2003 across the country take the lead in implementing the "boss" preservation of the separation system. In May 2003, panan County over the management was relatively centralized County traffic Bureau, chengjianju, trade and economic cooperation Bureau, the Education Bureau to pilot 4 Government departments.
-Central spirit
Push the plenary decided to request the power list
18 on comprehensive reform, adopted by the third plenary session decision made a number of major issues, to strengthen the power restriction and supervision system. Decides, in charge to manage people the right to adhere to the system, people are allowed to monitor power, for power to run in the Sun, is fundamental to the system of putting power in the cages-decisions. Must build stronger powers of decision sciences, performing strongly, operating system, a sound punishment and prevention system against corruption and build clean government, and strive to achieve impartiality of cadres, government corruption, politics.
Decided to call for a scientifically valid power restriction and coordination mechanisms. Perfecting the leading system of the party and the country, adhere to democratic centralism, and give full play to the party's leading core role. Main specifications at all levels of party and Government leading cadres ' terms, scientific allocation of power within the party and Government departments and agencies and functions, identification of clear responsibilities and tasks. Strengthening and improving the exercise of power restriction and supervision over principal leading cadres, strengthening the administrative supervision and auditing supervision.
Decision powers pushing for local governments at all levels and their departments inventory systems, public power operating process according to the law. Improve the system of Party Affairs, Government Affairs and public affairs in various fields and promote results management of decisions in an open, open, open services, open.
-Expert analysis
The "boss" Supervision Directorate Deputy
National School of administration, said Wang Yukai, a Professor, and power restrictions imposed on main leadership of party and Government organs, are antiseptic to fight corruption, the power operating mechanism in the attempt and exploration of new, avoid "current". Not long ago, Research Office of the Central discipline Inspection Commission of the Central Commission for discipline inspection site 18 three interpretation of the spirit of the plenary session of the Central Commission for discipline inspection, said that deepening the reform should reflect the requirements of punishing and preventing corruption, which refers to explore the "boss" is not in charge of specific systems, "places to try and explore, can be seen as a response to the Central Commission for discipline inspection. ”
"The ' heads ' of corruption in party and Government organs are more common, while not specifically in charge of a specific transaction, can decompose and ' number one ', but ' number one ' alone, in charge of Mages play a supervisory role. "Mr. Wang yukai said. The "boss" is not directly in charge of specific transactions, for major issues still know, discussion with a decision by the Party Committee team, "' like the ' just one vote, party committees are no longer exists. ”
Zhuli Professor National School of Administration said that limits the "boss" powers, are important means of anti-corruption antiseptic. From some Lok Vice ministerial officials over corruption case, a lot of it is when the Party Secretary or when the Mayor made a mistake, for example, was sentenced to life imprisonment for taking bribes of more than 12 million yuan of Shandong province Vice Governor Huang Sheng, its main crime occurred during holding dezhou Mayor and Party Secretary. Nanjing Mayor JI jianye Lok Ma last year, also in Kunshan, Yangzhou and other places as a party "boss".
Zhuli said, "boss" too much power, the lack of constraints, including the business community, Chairman and General Manager of Lok Ma, also described as soon as possible to explore the "boss" and the formation of the importance of the right to limit.
Director of the Research Office of the Central discipline Inspection Commission Li Xueqin was introduced, all are subject to disciplinary actions in party and Government organs at the county level and above, the "boss" accounted for the total number of one-third per cent, level and above, the "boss" and even more.
Power runs should be transparent
On the "boss" of limited powers to explore for years, appeared when the results can be then? In this regard, zhuli said, if only to stay on the document stage, the effect is not very good, the key depends on how to implement the means and methods to limit power.
"The ' number one ' powers, mainly with human rights and financial power, administrative examination and approval, construction and procurement is, in fact, is in conjunction with the purse strings, Shanxi issued was caught on the idea, and the province issued, standardized. "Zhuli home first to Shanxi's rules.
"However, regardless of which provinces and cities, ' number one ' limited good is good, to see how to implement. "He says, limiting the" boss "powers have called for for years," why limit, by any means, this is the most crucial, restricted means and ways out of the who will monitor? NPC's supervision and internal oversight is important. ”
Why would also like to stress the right to limit monitoring after it? Zhuli says, "power no matter who gave and possible corruption, if it is not open and transparent, both ' number one ' tubes ' second ' tube, are likely to corrupt, so power running process should be transparent. ”
Zhuli presented his "boss" permission rights proposal. First of all, the "boss" powers to be open and transparent, province, city and County Government officials and party "boss" appointment was appointed by what means, the process must be open and transparent, even the appointment process should be exposed in major media like television. "Publicity must be prepared, let the people know; including an important project, to open in the major media. "In other words, open and transparent basis, public and public opinion to play the two oversight in support of media and public scrutiny.
The second aspect, zhuli recommends that the national people's Congress at various levels and the Congress, party-the "boss" to institutional oversight, who appointed, who monitor, who imposed accountability system, "If the media is public accountability, institutional oversight for accountability is equally important. Only in this way, power will not be abused. ”
(Original title: Shanxi and other attempts to limit as much "boss")
京华时报记者孙雪梅
据中央纪委网站昨日消息，日前山西省出台《关于党政主要领导不直接分管部分工作的若干规定(试行)》，党政主要领导不直接分管下列工作：干部人事工作；财务工作；工程建设项目；行政审批；物资采购。专家称，山西是较早在全省发文限制“一把手”人财物权力的省份，此前广东、辽宁、安徽、云南、重庆等多个省份及市县都做过类似尝试，对“一把手”分权将成为权力运行机制的趋势。
“一把手”腐败在党政机关是比较普遍的，而不具体分管某项具体事务后，一方面可以有效分解“一把手”的权力，而且“一把手”本身就可以对分管的副职起到监督作用。——汪玉凯
权力不论分给了谁，都有可能腐败，如果不公开透明，不论是“一把手”管还是“二把手”管，都有可能腐败，所以权力运行过程必须公开透明。——竹立家
山西党政“一把手”不直接分管人财物
中央纪委网站消息称，为进一步加强和改进对党政主要领导行使权力的制约和监督，健全“副职分管、正职监管、集体领导、民主决策”的权力运行机制，促进领导干部廉洁从政，日前，山西省出台《关于党政主要领导不直接分管部分工作的若干规定(试行)》，着力给党政主要领导行使权力套上一个“制度的笼子”。
消息称，党政主要领导是指山西全省党的机关、人大机关、行政机关、政协机关、审判机关、检察机关、人民团体和事业单位的领导班子主要负责人。
山西省发文明确，党政主要领导不直接分管下列五项工作：干部人事工作；财务工作；工程建设项目；行政审批；物资采购。
该《规定》要求各级党委、政府切实履行监督职责，对执行中发现的问题及时研究解决。纪检监察机关和组织人事部门协同党委、政府对规定执行情况进行监督检查，对违反规定的行为，要依照有关规定追究责任。
辽宁广东多地探索“一把手”分权限权
事实上，对“一把手”进行分权限权，多省市和部门都曾经有过尝试，或即将启动探索。
据《人民日报》报道，今年1月19日，安徽省委书记张宝顺在安徽省纪委九届四次全会上说，安徽将实行“一把手”不直接分管人、财、物、项目等具体事务制度和“末位表态制”。
今年1月16日，国家海洋局党组成员、纪委书记吕滨在全国海洋工作会议上提出：党政“一把手”不直接分管“人、财、物”。
2013年6月，云南省出台《权力公开透明运行规定》，其中明确，主要领导不直接管人事、财务、物资采购和工程招标等制度，在重大项目决策、重要干部任免、重要项目安排和大额度资金使用等事项研究时须末位表态。
2012年，重庆市各区也曾就“一把手”分权进行分头尝试。
吉林省在推广尝试该制度时，还在人、财、物、工程招标4项权力之外，规定“一把手”不直接分管行政审批，要求将集中于“一把手”的权力分解到班子成员共同行使。
2010年，广东省发文提出，党政正职不直接分管人事、财务等重要部门工作。
同在2010年，辽宁省纪委、省委组织部出台党政主要领导不直接分管人事、财务、物资采购和工程项目的暂行规定，要求明确由一名副职领导干部分别分管上述几项工作。
暂行规定要求，党政主要领导要带头执行集体领导与个人分工负责相结合的制度，自觉维护集体领导，发挥领导班子中其他成员的作用，凡属“三重一大”事项，都要按照“集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定”的原则，由党政领导班子集体讨论作出决定。
浙江省磐安县则自2003年在全国率先推行“一把手”分权防腐制度。2003年5月，磐安县开始在人财物管理相对集中的县交通局、城建局、经贸局、教育局4个政府部门中进行试点。
□中央精神
三中全会决定要求推权力清单
十八届三中全会通过的《关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》提出，要强化权力运行制约和监督体系。决定称，坚持用制度管权管事管人，让人民监督权力，让权力在阳光下运行，是把权力关进制度笼子的根本之策。必须构建决策科学、执行坚决、监督有力的权力运行体系，健全惩治和预防腐败体系，建设廉洁政治，努力实现干部清正、政府清廉、政治清明。
决定要求形成科学有效的权力制约和协调机制。完善党和国家领导体制，坚持民主集中制，充分发挥党的领导核心作用。规范各级党政主要领导干部职责权限，科学配置党政部门及内设机构权力和职能，明确职责定位和工作任务。加强和改进对主要领导干部行使权力的制约和监督，加强行政监察和审计监督。
决定要求推行地方各级政府及其工作部门权力清单制度，依法公开权力运行流程。完善党务、政务和各领域办事公开制度，推进决策公开、管理公开、服务公开、结果公开。
□专家解读
“一把手”可以监督分管副职
国家行政学院教授汪玉凯表示，对党政机关主要领导实行权力限制，是反腐防腐、权力运行机制中新的尝试和探索，避免“一言堂”。前不久，中央纪委研究室在中央纪委网站就十八届中央纪委三次全会精神进行解读时指出，深化改革要体现惩治和预防腐败要求，其中就提到探索“一把手”不分管具体事务的制度，“地方的尝试和探索，可看做是对中央纪委的回应。”
“‘一把手’腐败在党政机关是比较普遍的，而不具体分管某项具体事务后，一方面可以有效分解‘一把手’的权力，而且‘一把手’本身就可以对分管的副职起到监督作用。”汪玉凯说。“一把手”不直接分管具体事务后，对于重大事项仍然知情，经党委会班子讨论之后一起决定，“‘一把手’就只有一票了，党委会就不再只是形式存在。”
国家行政学院教授竹立家表示，限制“一把手”权力，是反腐防腐的重要手段。从一些已经落马的副部级以上官员腐败情况来看，很多都是在当市委书记或当市长时犯的错，比如因受贿1200多万元被判无期徒刑的原山东省副省长黄胜，其犯罪行为主要发生在担任德州市市长和市委书记期间。去年落马的南京市市长季建业，也曾在昆山、扬州等多地担任党政“一把手”。
竹立家说，“一把手”权力太大，缺乏约束，包括企业界落马的董事长、总经理等，也都说明了尽快探索“一把手”限权并形成制度的重要性。
中央纪委研究室主任李雪勤曾介绍，在所有受纪律处分的党政机关县处级以上干部中，“一把手”比例占总数1/3以上，厅局级以上干部中，“一把手”比例更高。
权力运行过程必须公开透明
既然对“一把手”的限权探索已有多年，效果什么时候能显现呢？对此，竹立家表示，如果仅仅停留在发文件阶段，效果不会很好，关键要看如何落实限制权力的手段和方法。
“‘一把手’权力，主要是用人权和财权，行政审批、工程建设和物资采购，其实都是与财权结合在一起的，山西发文是抓在点子上了，而且全省发文，比较规范。”竹立家首先对山西的新规表示肯定。
“不过，不管哪个省市，对‘一把手’限权好是好，就看怎么落实。”他表示，限制“一把手”权力已经呼吁很多年了，“怎么限制，通过什么手段，这才是最关键的，限制的手段和办法出来后，谁来监管？人大监督还是内部监督，都很重要。”
为什么还要强调限权之后的监督呢？竹立家称，“权力不论分给了谁，都有可能腐败，如果不公开透明，不论是‘一把手’管还是‘二把手’管，都有可能腐败，所以权力运行过程必须公开透明。”
竹立家提出了他对“一把手”分权限权的建议。首先，“一把手”权力要公开透明，对于省市县党政“一把手”的任命，是通过什么方式任命的，过程必须公开透明，甚至应将任命过程在电视等主要媒体上公开。“公示必须做好，让老百姓都知道；包括做一项重要工程，要在主要媒体上公开。”也就是说，在公开透明的基础上，发挥公众和公共舆论这两个监督渠道，支持媒体和公众监督。
第二个方面，竹立家建议，各级人大和党代会，对于党政“一把手”要有制度性监督，实行谁任命、谁监督、谁问责的制度，“如果说媒体是公共性问责渠道，制度性问责监督渠道同样很重要。只有这样，权力才不会被滥用。”
(原标题：山西等多地尝试限权“一把手”)
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