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The author:(作者)归海一刀published in(发表于) 2014/2/17 9:01:47 Letters， manuscripts of Qian Zhongshu Yang Jiang’s successful auction of 200，000
February 17, 17th, Beijing second intermediate people's Court announced on their official website as Yang jikang (pen name Yang Jiang) Ltd-China trade shengjia international auction company limited (hereinafter referred to as trade in good company), LEE Kwok Keung against copyright and privacy disputes in a first-instance verdict. Trade shengjia ceased in the Court in connection with the Copyright Act against letters manuscripts, as Yang jikang 100,000 yuan of economic losses for compensation; trade shengjia, LEE Kwok Keung stop acts of violation of privacy in connection with the company, together pay 100,000 yuan to as Yang jikang moral solace gold; trade in good company, LEE Kwok Keung to as Yang jikang publicly apologized for his infringing conduct.
Qian Zhong-Shu's and their spouses as Yang jikang, their female relationships between a round flat piece of jade with a big hole in its centre and friends of LEE Kwok Keung, who had been sending personal letters to LEE Kwok Keung amounted to hundreds of letters, those letters saved by LEE Kwok Keung. May 2013, trade shengjia company announcement said it will be held in the afternoon on June 21, 2013 "– manuscripts, Qian Zhongshu's letter is set" auctions, public auctions of these private letters. As Yang jikang after applying to the second intermediate people's Court before making the complaint, request shall be ordered to trade LEE Kwok Keung and good company to immediately stop related violations. China trade shengjia company then issued a statement "decision to end June 21, 2013 ' is set – letters, manuscripts of Qian Zhongshu ' auction. ”
As Yang jikang Yu ruled made Hou 15th within Ltd-to II in the homes said, while Court Yu this case Ltd-Qian made stopped infringement ruled Hou, in the trade St better company stopped has on involved letters manuscripts of auction, but LEE Kwok Keung as received letter people will involved letters manuscripts handed third party of acts and in the trade St better company in Justice ruled Qian for auction and held of warm-up, has constitute on themselves, of copyright and privacy of violations, Ltd-to court requests Decree in the trade St better company and LEE Kwok Keung immediately stopped violations themselves privacy, and copyright of acts, And publicly apologized, 500,000 yuan of compensation for violations of copyright to the self-inflicted economic loss, moral damages to be touched to pay 150,000 yuan payment, pay for their own expenses reasonable expenses of 5,000 yuan to halt violations.
Two intermediate people's Court after trial believed that China trade shengjia company related correspondence copyright resulted in publication right, reproduction right, distribution right, right to network dissemination of information and the right to receive remuneration practices, the relevant obligee caused privacy violations, LEE Kwok Keung Act privacy of constitutes as Yang jikang connection with violence. Accordingly, the judgment was made.
Beijing's second intermediate people's court verdict announced on their official website read as follows:
I heard in the first instance case of Qian Zhong-Shu's letters, manuscripts auction
Recently, I homes a trial concluded is concern of as Yang jikang (pseudonym Yang Jiang 's) Ltd-in the trade St better international auction limited (following abbreviation in the trade St better company), and LEE Kwok Keung against copyright and the privacy disputes a case, a trial judgment in the trade St better company stopped involved against letters manuscripts copyright acts, compensation as Yang jikang 100,000 yuan economic loss; in the trade St better company, and LEE Kwok Keung stopped involved against privacy of acts, common to as Yang jikang paid 100,000 yuan spirit damage soothes gold; in the trade St better company, and LEE Kwok Keung on his infringing conduct to as Yang jikang publicly apologized.
Qian Zhong-Shu's and their spouses as Yang jikang, their female relationships between a round flat piece of jade with a big hole in its centre and friends of LEE Kwok Keung, who had been sending personal letters to LEE Kwok Keung amounted to hundreds of letters, those letters saved by LEE Kwok Keung. In May 2013, China trade shengjia company announcement said it will be held in the afternoon of June 21, 2013 "set – letters, manuscripts of Qian Zhongshu," auctions, public auctions of these private letters. For conducting the auction, China trade shengjia company related seminars will be held on June 8, 2013, preview event held on June 18, 2013. China trade shengjia website during the same period also has published several articles on public auction in connection with activities, evaluation activities, as well as some letters in the manuscript details of media coverage articles, some articles in the form of photographs showing related correspondence manuscript the whole picture. Thereafter submitted to the second intermediate people's Court as Yang jikang pre-litigation for requesting ordered China trade shengjia company and the LEE Kwok Keung immediately stop related violations. I reviewed on June 3, 2013, according to the law prohibiting the China trade shengjia imposed against copyright ruling. China trade shengjia company then issued a statement "decision to end June 21, 2013 ' is set – letters, manuscripts of Qian Zhongshu ' auction. ”
As Yang jikang Yu ruled made Hou 15th within Ltd-to I homes said, while Court Yu this case Ltd-Qian made stopped infringement ruled Hou, in the trade St better company stopped has on involved letters manuscripts of auction, but LEE Kwok Keung as received letter people will involved letters manuscripts handed third party of acts and in the trade St better company in Justice ruled Qian for auction and held of warm-up, has constitute on themselves, of copyright and privacy of violations, to themselves caused has serious hurt. Cause permanent protection to their rights, to court requesting a decree of China trade shengjia company and the LEE Kwok Keung immediately stop acts of their right to privacy, copyright infringement, apologized publicly, 500,000 yuan of compensation for violations of copyright to the self-inflicted economic loss, moral damages to be touched to pay 150,000 yuan payment, pay for their own expenses reasonable expenses of 5,000 yuan to halt violations. China trade shengjia companies argue that its has fulfilled the review obligations, cannot foresee the possibility exists in connection with infringement and the pre-litigation obligation to materialize after the auction, preview has yet to carry out activities related only to take a digital photo, three-disc is made from three experts provided, it is not infringement. LEE Kwok Keung argued on April 21, 2013, in connection with the transfer of letters addressed to the third party, itself with in connection with the auction business.
After trials concluded that our Institute, wrote letters for person independent productions in connection with expressions of personal feelings and opinions or content of accounts of personal life and work, is expressed as text, symbols, and other literary, artistic and intellectual achievements in the fields of science, meet the originality requirement, constitute works protected by copyright law. Qian Zhongshu's letter, as Yang jikang, Qian Yuan each on their own creative works shall enjoy copyright subject to copyright protection in China. As Yang jikang, and Yang Weicheng (Qian Yuan's spouse) as the heir to a round flat piece of jade with a big hole in its Centre, the right to inherit property from a round flat piece of jade with a big hole in its centre in the copyright, legal protection of its copyrights, authorship, alteration and protection of the integrity of the works, right to exercise their copyright in a published according to law. Given the Yang Weicheng written consent as Yang jikang related rights separately in the present case, as Yang jikang legally entitled to claim rights related to the money involved a round flat piece of jade with a big hole in its centre. At the same time, as Yang jikang right to inherit the property of Qian Zhong-Shu's copyright, legal protection of its copyrights, authorship, alteration and protection of the integrity of the works, right to exercise their copyright in a published according to law. In connection with the letters are addressed to LEE Kwok Keung's private correspondence, including academic discussion, life, opinions, etc, are all personal information regardless of the public interest, private activities, within the scope of privacy should be subject to legal protection in China. Qian Zhongshu, as Yang jikang, Qian Yuan each are entitled to protection of their privacy rights are not infringed. As Yang jikang as a close relative of Qian Zhongshu and Qian Yuan and the instituted heirs are entitled to privacy issues in connection with the case.
In the trade St better company as involved auction activities of sponsor, has through held seminar, way will Qian Zhong-Shu 's, and as Yang jikang and the money a round flat piece of jade with a big hole in its centre of letters manuscripts to related expert, and media reporter, disclosure, and show or provides, and is not on related expert, and media reporter shall not to open published, and copy, and spread letters manuscripts, way against others lawful rights and interests of be tips, instead in website in the large reproduced, its acts Department on related letters copyright in the of published right, and copy right, and release right, and information network spread right and the obtained paid of right of against According to law shall be subject to the cease and desist, and liability for damages. In the trade St better company without as Yang jikang license, unauthorized to identification expert, and media reporter, show, and provides and allowed related personnel in Internet Shang spread Qian Zhong-Shu 's, and Qian Yuan, and as Yang jikang three people of private letters and the related privacy, also on related information for has big range concentrated reproduced and spread, constitute on related right people privacy of against, caused has bad effects, law should bear stopped infringement, and apologized, and paid spirit damage soothes gold of legal responsibility. LEE Kwok Keung as the recipient, write protect communication confidentiality and privacy obligations, as Yang jikang has expressly requested in a letter that it will hand the manuscript letters and other duly preserved. Based on this, LEE Kwok Keung as the addressee, transfer or otherwise without the permission of the rights holders in connection with external circulation for letters, manuscripts, and not as against the assignee and the sponsor to make the confidentiality requirements and tips cause subsequent infringing conduct also constitutes as Yang jikang privacy practices in connection with, according to law shall be jointly and severally liable with the China trade shengjia company. Accordingly, the judgment was made.
Judge interpretation:
Copyright law works, refers to original literary, artistic and scientific fields and in some tangible form of intellectual creations. People's Republic of China Law on tort liability clause, violation of privacy, should be in accordance with this law shall bear tort liability. Privacy is a basic type of personal rights, right to privacy and personal life secret, means that citizens do not want to open or knows the private rights of others. In General, the right to privacy includes the right to privacy of correspondence and personal life secret. Communication of personal information belonging to the privacy of correspondence, citizens can not harm public interests private communications remain confidential and hide, not to make it known to others, and to protect their personal interests. Other people even if it is legal for personal communication and information to citizens, also have a duty to keep this communication and information, if leaked communication secrets of others, damaging consequences, should bear the corresponding legal responsibility.
(Original title: the case of Qian Zhong-Shu's letter manuscript auction: Yang Jiang's judgment awarded 200,000)
中新网2月17日电 17日上午，北京市第二中级人民法院在官网上公布了杨季康(笔名杨绛)诉中贸圣佳国际拍卖有限公司(以下简称中贸圣佳公司)、李国强侵害著作权及隐私权纠纷一案一审判决结果。法院判决中贸圣佳公司停止涉案侵害书信手稿著作权行为，赔偿杨季康10万元经济损失；中贸圣佳公司、李国强停止涉案侵害隐私权的行为，共同向杨季康支付10万元精神损害抚慰金；中贸圣佳公司、李国强就其涉案侵权行为向杨季康公开赔礼道歉。
钱钟书及其配偶杨季康、其女钱瑗与李国强系朋友关系，三人曾先后向李国强寄送私人书信共计百余封，上述信件由李国强保存。2013年5月间，中贸圣佳公司发布公告表示其将于2013年6月21日下午举行“也是集——钱钟书书信手稿”拍卖活动，公开拍卖上述私人信件。此后杨季康向二中院提出诉前申请，请求责令中贸圣佳公司及李国强立即停止相关侵权行为。中贸圣佳公司随即发表声明，“决定停止2013年6月21日‘也是集——钱钟书书信手稿’的公开拍卖。”
杨季康于裁定作出后15日内诉至二中院称，虽然法院于本案诉前作出停止侵权裁定后，中贸圣佳公司停止了对涉案书信手稿的拍卖，但李国强作为收信人将涉案书信手稿交给第三方的行为以及中贸圣佳公司在司法裁定前为拍卖而举行的准备活动，已经构成对自己等的著作权和隐私权的侵犯，诉至法院请求判令中贸圣佳公司与李国强立即停止侵犯自己隐私权、著作权的行为，并公开赔礼道歉，赔偿因侵害著作权给自己造成的50万元经济损失，支付15万元精神损害抚慰金，支付自己为制止侵权所支出的0.5万元合理开支。
二中院经审理认为，中贸圣佳公司的行为对相关书信著作权造成发表权、复制权、发行权、信息网络传播权及获得报酬的权利的侵害，对相关权利人造成隐私权的侵害，李国强的行为构成对杨季康涉案隐私权的侵害。据此，作出上述判决。
北京市第二中级人民法院在官网上公布的判决结果原文如下：
我院一审审结钱钟书书信手稿拍卖案
近日，我院一审审结备受关注的杨季康(笔名杨绛)诉中贸圣佳国际拍卖有限公司(以下简称中贸圣佳公司)、李国强侵害著作权及隐私权纠纷一案，一审判决中贸圣佳公司停止涉案侵害书信手稿著作权行为，赔偿杨季康10万元经济损失；中贸圣佳公司、李国强停止涉案侵害隐私权的行为，共同向杨季康支付10万元精神损害抚慰金；中贸圣佳公司、李国强就其涉案侵权行为向杨季康公开赔礼道歉。
钱钟书及其配偶杨季康、其女钱瑗与李国强系朋友关系，三人曾先后向李国强寄送私人书信共计百余封，上述信件由李国强保存。2013年5月间，中贸圣佳公司发布公告表示其将于2013年6月21日下午举行“也是集——钱钟书书信手稿”拍卖活动，公开拍卖上述私人信件。为进行该拍卖活动，中贸圣佳公司还将于2013年6月8日举行相关研讨会、于2013年6月18日至20日举行预展活动。同一时期中贸圣佳公司网站中还登载了多篇介绍涉案公开拍卖活动、鉴定活动以及拍品中部分书信手稿细节内容的媒体报道文章，部分文章中以附图形式展示了相关书信手稿全貌。此后杨季康向二中院提出诉前申请，请求责令中贸圣佳公司及李国强立即停止相关侵权行为。我院经审查依法于2013年6月3日作出禁止中贸圣佳公司实施侵害著作权行为的裁定。中贸圣佳公司随即发表声明，“决定停止2013年6月21日‘也是集——钱钟书书信手稿’的公开拍卖。”
杨季康于裁定作出后15日内诉至我院称，虽然法院于本案诉前作出停止侵权裁定后，中贸圣佳公司停止了对涉案书信手稿的拍卖，但李国强作为收信人将涉案书信手稿交给第三方的行为以及中贸圣佳公司在司法裁定前为拍卖而举行的准备活动，已经构成对自己等的著作权和隐私权的侵犯，给自己造成了严重伤害。为使自身权益受到永久性保护，故诉至法院请求判令中贸圣佳公司与李国强立即停止侵犯自己隐私权、著作权的行为，公开赔礼道歉，赔偿因侵害著作权给自己造成的50万元经济损失，支付15万元精神损害抚慰金，支付自己为制止侵权所支出的0.5万元合理开支。中贸圣佳公司辩称，其已履行了审查义务，无法预见到涉案行为存在侵权可能性，且诉前裁定作出后并未实施拍卖行为，亦未进行预展活动，仅将相关拍品拍摄成为数码照片，刻制成三份光盘向三位鉴定专家提供，故并未侵权。李国强辩称已于2013年4月21日，将涉案书信等转让给案外人，故自己与涉案拍卖活动无关。
我院经审理认为，涉案书信均为写信人独立创作的表达个人感情及观点或叙述个人生活及工作事务方面的内容，是以文字、符号等形式表达出来的文学、艺术和科学领域内的智力成果，符合作品独创性要求，构成我国著作权法保护的作品。钱钟书、杨季康、钱瑗分别对各自创作的书信作品享有著作权，应受我国著作权法保护。杨季康、杨伟成(钱瑗的配偶)作为钱瑗的继承人，有权依法继承钱瑗著作权中的财产权，依法保护其著作权中的署名权、修改权和保护作品完整权，依法行使其著作权中的发表权。鉴于杨伟成书面表示同意杨季康单独在本案中主张相关权利，故杨季康依法有权主张涉案钱瑗的相关权利。同时，杨季康有权依法继承钱钟书著作权中的财产权，依法保护其著作权中的署名权、修改权和保护作品完整权，依法行使其著作权中的发表权。涉案相关书信均为写给李国强的私人书信，内容包含学术讨论、生活事务、观点见解等，均为与公共利益无关的个人信息、私人活动，属于隐私范畴，应受我国法律保护。钱钟书、杨季康、钱瑗各自有权保护自己的隐私权不受侵犯。杨季康作为钱钟书、钱瑗的近亲属和继承人有权就涉案隐私权问题提起本案诉讼。
中贸圣佳公司作为涉案拍卖活动的主办者，已通过召开研讨会等方式将钱钟书、杨季康及钱瑗的书信手稿向相关专家、媒体记者等披露、展示或提供，且未对相关专家、媒体记者不得以公开发表、复制、传播书信手稿等方式侵害他人合法权益予以提示，反而在网站中大量转载，其行为系对相关书信著作权中的发表权、复制权、发行权、信息网络传播权及获得报酬的权利的侵害，依法应当承担停止侵权、赔偿损失的法律责任。中贸圣佳公司未经杨季康许可，擅自向鉴定专家、媒体记者等展示、提供并放任相关人员在互联网上传播钱钟书、钱瑗、杨季康三人的私人书信及相关隐私，还对相关信息进行了大范围集中转载和传播，构成对相关权利人隐私权的侵害，造成了不良影响，依法应承担停止侵权、赔礼道歉、支付精神损害抚慰金的法律责任。李国强作为收信人，负有保护写信人通信秘密和隐私的义务，况且杨季康已于信中明确要求其将手中书稿信札等妥为保藏。基于此，李国强作为收信人，未经权利人同意擅自以转让或其他方式使得涉案书信手稿对外流转，且未对受让人及经手人等作出保密要求和提示，导致后续涉案侵权行为发生，亦构成对杨季康涉案隐私权的侵害，依法应与中贸圣佳公司承担连带责任。据此，作出上述判决。
法官释法：
我国著作权法所称的作品，是指文学、艺术和科学领域内具有独创性并能以某种有形形式复制的智力创造成果。《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》第二条规定，侵害隐私权，应当依照本法承担侵权责任。隐私权是人身权的一种基本类型，隐私权又称个人生活秘密权，是指公民不愿公开或不让他人知悉个人秘密的权利。一般而言，隐私权包括通信秘密权与个人生活秘密权。通信中的私人信息属于通信秘密，公民可以对不危害社会公共利益的私人通信加以保密和隐瞒，不使其为他人所知，以保护自己的人格利益。其他人即使合法获取到公民个人的通信信息，也负有妥善保管这些通信信息的义务，如果故意泄露他人通信秘密，造成损害后果，应承担相应的法律责任。
(原标题：钱钟书书信手稿拍卖案：一审判杨绛获赔20万)
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